高考英语非谓语动词十三大核心考点

非谓语动词(Non-restrictiveverbs)十三大核心考点【考点1】区别谓语动词和非谓语动词一、不定式,动名词作主语【考点2】动词不定式和动名词作主语比较二、不定式、动名词、分词做表语：【考点3】不定式、动名词、分词做表语的区别【考点4】成对的-ing形式与过去分词的用法三、动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较【考点5】英语中，有些动词和短语动词后只能跟不定式作宾语；有些动词和短语动词后只能跟动名词【考点6】动名词作介词的宾语;动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但不定式之前如有疑问词时，就作宾语了。【考点7】forget,neglect,regret,remember四、非谓语动词作宾补的比较【考点8】seesb.do/seesb.doing/seesth.done【考点9】Find的特殊用法【考点10】have的四种结构【考点11】get三大用法五、非谓语动词做定语：【考点12】不定式,动名词和现在分词都可作定语的区别【考点13】不定式与分词做状语非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。【考点1】区别谓语动词和非谓语动词（非谓语动词考察重点，以下例句均选自近年高考单选试题）【考例】1.Atlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreeprovidingshadeand__downtoeatourpicniclunch.(上海卷05-37)A.sittingB.havingsatC.tositD.sat2.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not_________,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.（07湖南卷29）A．movedB．movingC．tomoveD．beingmoved3.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.（2004上海春季卷)A.seizing,disappearedB.seized,disappearedC.seizing,disappearingD.seized,disappearing4.Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,________inasmallapartmentnearBostonand________whattodoabouthisfuture.（09湖南卷-25）A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered【答案与简析】DBDA3.本句中“drive”做定语修饰主语，“seize”是谓语动词，并与后面的“take”并列，所以应该用过去时形式；“disappear”放在句面，使用分词形式充当状语，该词为不及物动词，应使用现在分词形式。答案为D。［热点剖析］该题考查了学生确定谓语动词的能力，同时也考查了分词作定语和状语的用法。谓语与非谓语区分口诀：谓语句中就一个，其余动词非谓语；常见形式有三种，v-ing，v-ed和todo；主宾通常ving，现在分词表主动；过去分词表被动，目的要用不定式；改错要想拿高分，语法口诀要记牢；【精练】1.2.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading3.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,______thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.hadadded4.Shesetoutsoonafterdark______homeanhourlater.A.arrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrived5.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_______tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing6.______downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.TurnC.TurnedD.Toturn7.--Who'sthemanshakinghandswithourheadmaster?--Ascientist____togiveusatalkonthehistoryoftheParty.A.isinvitedB.invitedC.invitingD.whichisinvited8.Ifthebuildingproject____bytheendofthismonthisdelayed,theconstructioncompanywillbefined.A.beingcompletedB.tobecompletedC.iscompletedD.completed9.Asallknow,Taiwanitselfisnotaseparatecountry,butanisland_________toChina.A.belongsB.belongedC.whichbelongedD.belonging10.Knowinghowlongthetestwouldlast,thestudentswhofinished____backandwaiteduntiltheendoftheexam.A.settleB.settledC.settlingD.tosettle11.When_____,themansaidhewenthomeat2:00a.m.,_____andonly_____hishousebrokeninto.A.asked;tired;tofindB.asking;tired;findingC.asked;tiredly;tofindD.asking;tiredly;finding12.______cold,hecoveredhisblanket,________onlyhisarms_______.A.Felt;left;uncoveredB.Feeling;left;uncoveredC.Feeling;leaving;uncoveredD.Felt;left;uncovering13.Thefactoryproducedmanyfamouscars,manyofthemtoforeigncountries.A.shippedB.wereshippedC.wasshippedD.shipping14.—Whowontheelectionformayor?—Aman____torepresenteveryminoritygroupinthecity.A.claimsB.isclaimedC.claimedD.claiming15.--WhydoIhavetoeatsuchadieteveryday,Mum?--____youaquickrecovery.A.EnsuringB.ToensureC.EnsureD.Havingensured【答案与简析】ADCDABBBDBACADB1.A.非谓语动词，表结果状语，D.tomake表目的，显然不符合句意2.D.非谓语，分词，作message的定语3.C,非谓语，分词，作伴随状语4.D,arrived与setout为并列谓语5.A,非谓语，作said的伴随状语6.B,祈使句谓语7.B.非谓语，过去分词，作scientist的定语8.B.9.D10.B该题考查句子结构。学生易犯思维定势的错误而选C，其实whofinished是定语从句，该处缺谓语动词。11.A。Whenasked=Whenthemanwasasked，前后主语一致，可改为分词短语作状语。tired作theman的状语。onlytofind…是结果状语，表示“（出乎意料地）发现……”。若用onlyfinding则表示“（在意料之中地）发现……”。12.C13.此处为独立主格结构在句中作状语；过去分词短语表示被动。非谓语动词的9种形式一般式完成式主动被动主动被动todotodotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendone-ingdoingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonedonedone其作用如下表：主语宾语表语宾语补足语定语状语todoVVVVVV-ingVVVVVVdoneVVVV一、不定式,动名词作主语【考点2】动词不定式和动名词作主语比较【考例】1._______tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.('02上海)A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed2._______themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.('03上海春招)A.ThepresidentwillattendB.ThepresidenttoattendC.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident'sattending3._______isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold．（MET1992）A．ThewalkB．WalkingC．TowalkD．Walk4.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecideC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided5.____feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.(2007全国卷II)A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That【透视】CDBAC1、2、3题都缺主语,要用名词性从句或动名词作主语。第1题中的one'sskin与expose之间是被动关系,故用动名词的被动语态作主语,答案为C。第2题A、C两项缺引导词that,从句中的谓语应用过去将来时态;D项是动名词的复合结构,可以来作句子的主语,故答案为D。3.B动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。4.A不定式\动名词作主语谓语动词用单数【超链接】动名词与不定式的区别：1.一般来说,动名词表达的是：状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的不定式表达的是：目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smokingisprohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验;不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbingmountainsisinteresting．爬山很有趣。(经验)Drivingacarduringtherushhouristiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)（3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。Ittookmeonlyfiveminutestofinishthejob.2.句型上的区别以下句型用不定式1).It’skindofhimtocomeandseeme.2).Itiseasyformetodothat.3).Ittookmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.4).