声振检测方法的发展

20113321,2,1,2(1.南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室,南昌330063;2.北京中研国辰测控技术有限公司,北京100191):依据激励方式的不同,分别从敲击检测和声阻检测方法两个方面对声振检测方法进行了介绍敲击检测方法主要分整体振动检测法(或车轮敲击法)和局部振动检测法(或硬币敲击法),声阻检测法主要分机械阻抗法和局部共振检测法声振检测方法尽管很早以前就已经出现了,但至今主要还停留在经验性的应用层面对各种声振检测方法的基本原理及其发展作简要论述,希望起到抛砖引玉的作用,吸引业界关注该方法发展和应用的同仁共同来推进它的技术进步:声振检测;敲击检测;机械振动检测;声阻法;谐振法:TG115.28:A:10006656(2011)02003507EvolutionoftheAcousticImpactTestingMethodWUGuanHua1,LINJunMing2,RENJiLin1,ZHOUChangZhi2(1.KeyLaboratoryofNDT,MinistryofEducation,NanchangHangkongUniversity,Nanchang330063,China;2.BeijingEchoSpecialTechnologyofNDTCoLtd,Beijing100191,China)Abstract:Theacousticimpacttestingmethodispresentedwithtwodifferentexcitationmethods:thetaptestingmethodandtheacousticimpedancetestingmethod.Thetaptestingmethodincludesthewholevibrationtesting(wheeltaptest)methodandthelocalvibrationtestingmethod(cointaptest),andtheacousticimpedancemethodhasthemechanicalimpedancemethodandthelocalresonancetestingmethod.Thoughtheacousticimpacttestingmethodhasalonghistoryintestingactivities,mostconcernsofthismethodareonlyrestrictedinitsexperientialapplications.Here,theprincipalsandtheirdevelopmentsofseveralbranchesoftheacousticimpacttestingmethodarecovered,withthemainpurposetoimprovethisoldbuteffectivemethodwiththehelpofthepeoplewhoconcernitsdevelopmentandapplications.Keywords:Acousticimpacttesting;Vibrationtesting;Mechanicalvibrationtesting;Acousticimpedancemethod;Resonancemethod,(),,[1-2]:,;:20100208:(ZD200929010):(1963-),,,,;,;,,,135邬冠华等:声振检测方法的发展2011332,;,1.1(Wheeltaptest)[3-5],:(),,,,;,,,,;;,,,;,,[2]:,,,,,,,,,[1-2],,[1]:fiEIfiEI+mfim+KsfiKs+IfiI(1),:EI(E,EI),m,KsI(),,EI,m,KsI,,,!,[6](),,,,,,,,FFT,,,,()1.2(Cointaptest)(Screwdriverhandletest)[1],:,,,,36邬冠华等:声振检测方法的发展2011332,,,CawleyBristolAdams1988,Cawley,[7],,,11,,,,Cawley,,,2kd;kcm,v,k,!:!=∀#(2)#=(k/m)1/2F:F=kv#sin#t0∀t∀#(3),v,:#!0Fdt=2mv(4),,,,Cawley,,,,;,;,,,,R:R=BA+B(5)AB,3ABf=fb,k=fb/fmax30%~50%37邬冠华等:声振检测方法的发展2011332:,;,,,Cawley[7-9],(),,RR,,,RollsRoyceMateval,Tapometer[10];WichiTechRD3[11-12]()Mitsui(Bittech)Woodpecker[13](),Mitsui[14],Woodpecker,[15-19],PKRajuAcousticImpactTechnique(AIT)Cawley,4[15];4AIT[15],3,//(),4,,Cawley;21,WuHuadong,,[20]Cawley1/3,,,,1/3;,,PetersRD3,CATT[21]:,;,;,RD3,2003,Srivatsan,,[22]38邬冠华等:声振检测方法的发展2011332,,,,2090Cawley[23],;,GFPR[24]2007,[25],,,/[26],[27]2,,,,(5)[1],,5,∃%&∋()∗1959,,[28-29],,,,(),,1~10kHz(Cointaptesting),2,,,UD94D,SZY∃,%,&,AFD1000,,,,,;,,,,,,,:6,(0),,,:fr=0.47hr2E(1-+2)(6)h;r39邬冠华等:声振检测方法的发展2011332;E;;+,()10(),,Z=vtanh[,+j(−+kt)],,;−;k;t,,,[1],,,(Fokker)BondMaster[30-33],,,,3,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1],.[M].:,2002:294-351.[2]DoeblingS,FarrarC,PrimeM.Asummaryreviewofvibration-baseddamageidentificationmethods[J].ShockandVibrationDigest,1998,30(2):91-105.[3]AdamsR.Vibrationmeasurementsinnondestructivetesting[C].The3rdInternationalConferenceonEmergingTechnologiesinNonDestructiveTesting.Thessaloniki,Greece;2003:27-35.[4]AdamsRD,CawleyP.Vibrationtechniquesinnon-destructivetesting[C].ResearchTechniquesinNon-DestructiveTesting,Vol.8,London:AcademicPress,1985:303-360.[5]CawleyP.DefectLocationinStructuresbyaVibrationTechnique[D].ImperialCollegeofScienceTechnologyandMedicine,UniversityofLondon,1978.[6].[J].,1992(3):37-40.[7]CawleyP,AdamsRD.Themechanicsofthecointapmethodofnondestructivetesting[J].JournalofSoundVibration,1988,122:299-316.[8]CawleyP,AdamsRD.Sensitivityofthecointapmethodofnondestructivetesting[J].MaterialsEvaluation,1989(47):558-563.[9]CawleyP.LowfrequencyNDTtechniquesforthedetectionofdisbondsanddelaminations[J].BritishJournalofNonDestructiveTesting,1990(32):454-461.40邬冠华等:声振检测方法的发展2011332[10]MarshG.Findingflawsincomposites[J].ReinforcedPlastics,2002,46(12):42-46.[11][12]GeorgesonG,LeaS,HansenJ.Electronictaphammerforcompositedamageassessment[J].NondestructiveEvaluationofAgingAircraft,Airports,andAerospaceHardware,SPIE,1996,2945:3-5.[13][14]KunihiroMitsuhashi,ChihiroJyomuta,FujioOka,etal.MethodandApparatusforImpact-typeinspectionofStructures:UnitedStates,05048320[P].1991-09-17.[15]RajuP,PatelJ,VaidyaU.CharacterizationofdefectsingraphitefiberbasedcompositestructuresusingtheAcousticImpactTechnique(AIT)[J].JournalofTestingEvaluation,1993(21):377-395.[16]HaqueA,RajuPK.AcousticImpactTechniqueinIdentifyingFatigueDamageinCompositeMaterials[J].MaterialsEvaluation,1998,56(6):765-770.[17]MurthyCRL,LMHegde,KMRavindra,etal.MicroprocessorBasedInstrumentationforAcousticImpactTesting[C].//PKRaju.Proceedings,89WA/NDE6,ASMEWinterAnnualMeeting.NewYork,1989.[18]NorwoodC,WoodL.TheUseofVibrationTechniquesinNonDestructiveTesting[C].//TheInstitutionofEngineersAustraliaVibrationandNoiseConference.Melbourne:InstitutionofEngineers,Australia;1990:270-275[19]WhiteC,WhittinghamB,LiH,etal.Vibrationbasedstructuralhealthmonitoringofadhesivelybondedcompositescarfrepairs[C].//the5thAustralasianCongressonAppliedMechanics,ACAM2007.Brisbane,Australia:EngineersAustralia;2007:198-203.[20]WuH,MelSiegel.CorrelationofAccelerometerandMicrophoneDataintheCoinTapTest![J].IEEETransa