小学升初中英语语法大全

小学升初中英语语法大全博乐国际教育小学升初中语法大全讲义第一课基础冠词一、字母大写的五种情况：1.国家首字母ChinaAmericanGermany2.句子的首字eg.Thisismybook3.地名北京Beijing上海Shanghai4.人名WangDazuiTom5.月份星期节日五月May六月June星期一Monday星期二Tuesday春节SpringFestivabl中秋节Middle-autumnday元音字母有Aa,Ee,Oo,Ii,Uu二、冠词1.冠词有：a、an、the2.冠词分为：不定冠词：a、an定冠词：the3.冠词的用法：a/an都表示一个an用在单词发音中元音音标开头的单词a用在单词发音中辅音音标开头的单词a/an第一次提到the再次提到eg.anorange/CrIndV/anapple/’Apl/4.定冠词the的用法(5种)：①.特指某些人或物eg.Thebookonthedeskismine.②双方都知道的人或事物eg.Openthedoor,please.③.指上文提到的人或事物eg.Helivesonafarm,thefarmisnotbig.④.世界上独一无二的事物前eg.Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.⑤.形容词最高级前Eg:Theislandisthebiggestofthethree.5．不用冠词的情况:①星期、月份、季节、节日前不用，但中国传统节日要用the.onMonday在星期一inJune在六月inspring在春天atChristmas在圣诞节ontheMid-AutumnDay在中秋节②.国家城市不用theinShenyang在沈阳③.称呼头衔前不用Mr.Wang王先生例题：冠词（a/an）1.Ihave__book.2.__catcancatchinsect.3.Lucyspends___hourdoingherhomeworkeveryday.4.Bob’sfatheris__engineer.5.Johnis__honestboy.6.__apple__daykeepsthedoctoraway.7.Let’shave__restfor__while.8.Motherboughtme_uniformyesterday.9.Ihave__pencil.__(a,the)pencilsisred.10.___(a,the/)sunisshiningbrightlyin__(a,the,/)sky.11.__(a,the)dictionaryon__(a,the)deskismine.12.Is__(the,/)Mary(a,the,/)youngestgirlinourclass.13.Canyouplay(a,an,the,/)violin?14.Wegotoschoolby(a,the,/)bikein(a,an,the)morningeveryday.根据所学知识用a,an,the,/填空Mynameis__Michael.I’min__gradethreethisterm.Mymotheris__doctorandmyfatheris__actor.Todayis__Saturday.Now,myfatheristalkingon__phone.Mymotheris__havingbreakfast.Mygrandmotheriswatering__flowersin__gardenandI’mwatching__TV.Look!Thisismyzone.Thereis__beautifulumbrellainmybedroom.Ilike__umbrellaverymuchbecauseIboughtitin__Paris.Theseareallmypresents.第二课名词一、概念：表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称二、名词的分类：可数名词，不可数名词可数名词:指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西不可数名词:不能用数字计算的举例：学生、车、房子、北方。。。三、常用的不可数名词：waterfruiticejuicericeink(与水有关的）moneyfoodbreadcoffeesugarmilk(拿钱买的食物有吃的面包喝的咖啡，咖啡有点苦于是又买的糖和牛奶）meatbeefporkmuttonclothessoap（买的肉有牛肉猪肉羊肉吃的时候把衣服弄了于是买了肥皂）hairpaperinkgrass(上学时整理好了头发,买的纸、草墨水）不可数名词四、即可充当可数名词又可当不可数名词的有：chicken鸡（可数)鸡肉(不可数)duck鸭子(可数)鸭肉(不可数)lamb(羔羊)foods各类食物fruits各类水果fishes鱼类五、单复数同形：即单数和复数的写法一样。单复数同形的词常有：sheep(绵羊)deer(鹿)fish(鱼)Chinese(中国人)Japanese(日本人)六、可数名词变复数：规则1，直接加s：balloonballoonsboy—boysdoll—dollsbook—books规则2：以s.xchsh结尾的加es:boxboxeswatchwatchesbusbusesdishdishes则3:以o结尾的有生命的加es,无生命的加s:tomatotomatoesheroheroespotatopotatoes口诀：英雄喜欢吃西红柿和土豆注意：photophotos(照片)规则4：以f,fe结尾变f,fe为veslife变livesknife变knivesleaf变leaveswolf变wolveswife变wivesthief变thivesshelf变shelveswife变wives记忆小口诀:妻子持刀去宰狼，吓的小偷发了荒躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光规则五：以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加esbaby变babiesfactory变factoriescountry变countries记忆小口诀：小孩去了乡村的工厂不规则名词变复数：tooth变teethfoot变feetgoose变geese小口诀：双脚白鹅和牙齿oo都要变ee判断下列划线部分单词是可数名词还是不可数名词。Y(可数)N(不可数)Iwouldlikeaglass()ofwater.()2.Iboughtdadacan()ofbeer().3.DoyouknowAlice’stelephone()number()?4.Isthering()madeofgold()?5.Thereisafish()inthewater().6.TheChinese()lovetea().7.Thecoffee()onthetable()isforyou.8.Thepenisoutofink.()9.Doyoutakesomesugar()withyourmilk()?10.Boblostalotofblood()inthewar.11.Momboughtabag()ofrice()yesterday.二、写出下列名词复数形式1.desk2.boat3.map4.dish5.class6.church7.dress8.page9.boy10.hero11.potato12.radio13.party14.factory15.leaf16.shelf17man18.tooth19.child20.deer21.school22.beach23.baby介词：inatonoutside记忆小口诀：年月前面要用in，上午下午要用in，午夜中午用at，at用在点钟前在家也要用at在早上inthemorning在下午intheafternoon在傍晚intheevening在中午atnoon在晚上atnight在8：00钟at8：00O’clock在家athome国家、城市、季节用in在中国inChina在沈阳inShenyang在春天inspringoutside在…外面outsidetheschoolgate在学校大门口外边behind在…的后面Sheepisbehindthewolf懒洋洋在灰太狼的后面习题：Thehenissitting__itseggs.(坐在鸡蛋上)2.Petersits__Susanintheclassroom.(Peter坐在Susan后面)3.Acatisclimbing__thetree.(猫在爬树)4.Ihaveanache__myarm.5.Canyoucometoteachus__Sunday.6.What’stheweather__today?7.Sam,canyouswim__theriver.8.Howdidtheycomehere?Mum__air.第三课代词一、概念:代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词二、分类：指示代词和人称代词1.指示代词：用来指示或标识人或事物的代词(这个)表示单数that(那个)表示单数thisboxthatboxthisthese这些表示复数thoseboxesthose(那些)表示复数theseboxes总结：①thisthat作主语，谓语动词用单数，名词用单数形式②thesethose作主语，谓语动词用复数，名词用复数形式这是一只猫Thisisacat那是一只猫Thatisacat这是些猫Thesearecats那是些猫Thosearecats指示代词：this(这个)，these(这些),that(那个),those(那些)eg.1.___isazebra.这是一只斑马2.___isakangaroo.那是一只袋鼠3.___aregoats.___aresheep.这些是山羊，那些是绵羊4.Hello,Lucy!__ismyclassmate,Cathy.你好露西，这是我的同学凯茜。ThisgirlisMary/ThisisMary这个女孩是玛丽/这是玛丽ThatgirlisMary/ThatisMary那女孩是玛丽/那是玛丽Thosegirlsaremyfriends/那些女孩是我的朋友/那些是我的朋友Thesegirlsaremyfriends/这些女孩是我的朋友/这些是我的朋友2.人称代词⑴充当名词作主语第一人称我I我们we第二人称你you你们you第三人称他/她/它he/she/it他们themIamasheepItisawolfTheyareboysandgirlsHeisapoliceSheisateacher⑵人称代词充当宾语放在动词后第一人称我me我们we第二人称你you你们you第三人称他/她/它him/her/it他们themThankyouverymuchGiveussomedrinksGivemesomebananasItakehertothegarden⑶人称代词充当形容词第一人称我的my我们的our第二人称你的your你们的your第三人称他的/她的/它的his/her/its他们的theirHerfatherisadoctorThisishiscartoonbookTheyaretheirbooksThisismyhouseThisisyourbag⑷人称代词充当名词第一人称我的mine我们的ours第二人称你的yours你们的yours第三人称他的/她的/它的his/hers/its他们的theirsThiscartoonbookishis.Thishouseismine.Thisbagisyours.人称第一人称第二人称第三人称代词及be动词用法单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyoushe/he/itthey宾格meusyouyouher/him/itthem形容词性物主代词myouryouryourher/his/itstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshers/his/i