常见的及物动词和不及物动词区别

常见的及物动词和不及物动词区别只要是动词都有这么分的，标注vt的是及物动词，标注vi的是不及物动词。不及物动词没有被动态。动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（transitiveverb）、不及物动词（intransitiveverb），缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。首先，要分清及物不及物动词。根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词（带宾语）和不及物动词（不带宾语）。如：Whenwillhearrive?他什么时候到？（arrive不带宾语，为不及物动词）HereachedBeijingyesterday.他昨天到达北京。（reach带了宾语，为及物动词）动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可用于：主＋谓＋宾；主＋谓＋双宾；主＋谓＋宾＋宾补结构。如：HereachedParisthedaybeforeyesterday.Theyaskedmetogofishingwiththem.1)及物动词＋宾语例：Ilovemyhome.我爱我家。HeboughtanEnglishdictionary.他买了一本英语词典。2)及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语例：Shetaughtusmaths.她教我们数学。Mymothergavemeanewpen.母亲给了我一支新钢笔。提示：常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有：give,teach,buy,lend,find,hand,leave,sell,show,read,pay,make,offer,build,pass,bring,cook,catch,invent,found,like,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,find,forget,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,make,take,tell....b主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与：主＋谓结构。不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。例：Shecamelastweek.她上周来的。Itisraininghard.正下着大雨。Classbeganathalfpastseven.7点半开始上课。Whathappenedyesterday?昨天发生了什么事？Thisistheroomwhereioncelived.类似的还有：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeedappeargetfeel,keepmakeproveremainrestriseseemstandstayturnturnout,wait,cry,smile,laugh,stop,rain,snowc.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin都是作开始讲。Everybody,ourgamebegins.letusbeginourgame.Shecandanceandsing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。）ShecansingmanyEnglishsongs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。）Thechildisplaying.这小孩在玩。（不及物用法）Thechildisplayingthepiano.这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法）Heiswriting.他在写字。（不及物用法）Heiswritingaletter.他在写信。（及物用法）Theboyisreading.这男孩在阅读。（不及物用法）Theboyisreadingamagazine.这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法）类似的有：start,answer,sing,close,consider,insist,read,learn,prepare,pay,hurt,improve....d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的消散。Wesawthemountainwhenthecloudslifted.lift作及物动词时是升高；举起。Heliftedhisglassanddrank.类似的还有：beatvi.跳动vt.敲、打;growvi.生长vt.种植playvi.玩耍vt.打（牌、球）,演奏smellvi.发出（气味）vt.嗅ringvi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话speakvi.讲话vt.说（语言）hangvi.悬挂vt.绞死operatevi.动手术vt.操作20个常见的不及物动词短语1.breakdown(stopfunctioning坏了，不好使了)Thatoldjeephadatendencytobreakdownjustwhenineededitthemost.2.catchon(becomepopular出名)PopularsongsseemtocatchoninCaliforniafirstandthenspreadeastward.3.comeback(returntoaplace返回)Fatherpromisedthatwewouldnevercomebacktothishorribleplace.4.comein(enter进入)Theytriedtocomeinthroughthebackdoor,butitwaslocked.5.cometo(regainconsciousness恢复意识)Hewashitontheheadveryhard,butafterseveralminutes,hestartedtocometoagain.6.comeover(tovisit访问)Thechildrenpromisedtocomeover,buttheyneverdo.7.dropby(visitwithoutappointment顺便拜访)weusedtojustdropby,buttheywereneverhome,sowestoppeddoingthat.8.eatout(dineinarestaurant外出吃饭)WhenwevisitedParis,welovedeatingoutinthesidewalkcafes.9.getby(survive凑合，过得去)UncleHeinedidn'thavemuchmoney,buthealwaysseemedtogetbywithoutborrowingmoneyfromrelatives.10.getup(arise起床)Grandmothertriedtogetup,butthecouchwastoolow,andshecouldn'tmakeitonherown.11.goback(returntoaplace回到)It'shardtoimaginethatwewillnevergobacktoourhomeland.12.goon(continue继续)Hewouldfinishonedickensnovelandthenjustgoontothenext.13.goon(2)(happen发生)Thecopsheardallthenoiseandstoppedtoseewhatwasgoingon.14.growup(getolder变老)Charlesgrewuptobealotlikehisfather.15.keepaway(remainatadistance保持距离)Thejudgewarnedthestalkertokeepawayfromhisvictim'shome.16.keepon(+动名称)(continuewiththesame继续保持)Hetriedtokeeponsinginglongafterhisvoicewasruined.17.passout(loseconsciousness,faint昏过去，晕)Hehaddrunktoomuch;hepassedoutonthesidewalkoutsidethebar.18.showoff(demonstratehaughtily炫耀)Wheneverhesatdownatthepiano,weknewhewasgoingtoshowoff.19.showup(arrive到达，出现)Itwasteno'clockwhenhefinallyshowedup.20.wakeup(arousefromsleep醒来)Iwokeupwhentheroostercrowed.21.takeplace发生In1919,themay4thmovementtookplaceinchina.22.comeout出版，出来，Istheneweditionofthebookcomingout?23.cometrue实现Yourwishwillonedaycometrue.您的愿望总有一天会实现的。24runout用光，耗尽Doyourhomeworkbeforeyourunoutoftimefaraway与farfrom区别faraway用作表语或状语,away可以省去,因此,faraway=far;farawayfrom=farfromfar（away）后不接宾语；far（away）from后一定要接宾语.Thedonotlivefaraway.他们住得并不远．farfrom除了表示距离的”远离”之外,还有”远远不,完全不,决非”之意,后接名词,动名词或形容词．Farfromreadinghisletter,shedidn'topenit.别说看他的信了,她连信都没打开．Heisfarfrom(being)rich.他一点也不富有．至于awayfrom与farfrom的区别主要在于far与away的区别：far是表示较笼统、模糊概念的“远”,而away是表示具体的“远”.如：veryfar很远；quitefar相当远；500metersaway500米远；2kilometersaway2公里远e.g.Myhomeisveryfarfromthehospital.Myhomeis20kilometersawayfromthehospital.verymuch,verywell,verynice,verygood的区别verynice=verygood,都是表示“非常好!”用来修饰名词.例如：Theweatherisverynice/good.verymuch表示“非常,”是副词短语,用来修饰动词和形容词.例如：Thankyouverymuch.verywell表示“非常好”,它有两个用途：1.表示人的身体很好,是形容词性短语,只限于表示人的身体好.例如：Mymotherisverywell.我妈妈身体很好；2.表示“很好地”,相当于一个副词,用来修饰动词和形容词.例如：Sheplaysthepianoverywell.她的钢琴弹得很好.修饰比较级用much或alittle等better是比较级,前面可加much修饰,表示“好的多”morebetter就是比较级重复了.多了个more,因此也没有muchmorebetter