14基于plc的六层电梯控制系统的毕业设计_secret

1摘要随着现代城市的发展，高层建筑日益增多，电梯成为人们日常生活必不可少的代步工具。电梯性能的好坏对人们生活的影响越来越显著，因此必须努力提高电梯系统的性能，保证电梯的运行既高效节能又安全可靠。传统的电梯控制系统采用的是继电器逻辑控制电路，这种控制易出故障，维护不便，运行寿命短，占地空间大，正逐步被淘汰。为了提高自动控制系统的可靠性和设备的工作效率，设计了一套以PLC为核心控制器的电梯自动控制系统，用来取代以往的较复杂的继电器—接触器控制。系统的核心部分（控制部分）使用了日本三菱公司生产的FX2N-80型PLC，因为在核心控制部分采用的是软件程序控制，从而在保证电梯正常运行这个要求的情况下，大大的提高了电梯故障检查与维修的方便性和容易性，同时还克服了手动操作所带来的一些人为干扰因素，取得了良好的预期效果。关键词：电梯、PLC、梯形图2【Abstract】：Withthedevelopmentofmoderncities,anincreasingnumberofhigh-risebuilding,elevatorbecomeanindispensablemeansoftransportofdailylife.Thequalityoftheliftperformanceoftheimpactonpeople'slivesbecomingmoreandmoreobvious,itmuststrivetoimprovetheperformanceofelevatorsystems,andensuretheoperationoftheliftissafe,reliableandenergyefficient.Thetraditionalelevatorcontrolsystemuseslogicoftherelaytocontrolcircuit,thiskindofcontrolseasilytobecrash,maintainsinconveniently,themovementlifeisshort,andthatoccupyingalargeareaofspace,itbeingeliminatedgradually.Forraisingthecredibilityoftheautomaticcontrolsystemandtheworkefficiencyoftheequipments,designasetoftakePLCasthecorecontrolleroftheelevatorautocontrolsystem,usingtoreplaceformermorecomplicatedofafterelectricappliances-thecontactmachinecontrol.Thecorepart(controlpart)ofthesystemusedaJapaneseMitsubishicompanytoproduceoftheFX2N-80typePLCisthesoftwareprocedurecontrolinthecorebecauseofwhattocontrolthepartadoption,thusBepromisingtheelevatorcirculatesnormallyunderthecircumstanceof[with]thisrequest,raisedelevatortobreakdowncheckandtheconvenienceandeasyformaintainconsumedly,stillovercametomoveanoperationsomeartificialinterferencefactorsbringinthemeantime,obtainthegoodresults.KEYWORDS:Elevator,PLC,LadderDiagramI录前言··················································································1第1章绪论·········································································21.1电梯继电器控制系统的特点及存在问题····································21.1.1电梯继电器控制系统的优点················································21.1.2电梯继电器控制系统存在的问题··········································21.2PLC及其在电梯控制中的应用特点················································21.2.1PLC的特点·····································································21.2.2PLC控制电梯的优点························································41.3课题的提出···············································································41.4课题的主要讨论内容···································································41.5电梯的功能要求·········································································5第2章三菱FX2N系列可编程序控制器介绍·······································62.1.可编程控制器的基础认识·····························································62.2可编程序控制器的工作方式·························································82.3PLC的编程语言·······································································9第3章电梯设备及电梯发展动态··················································113.1电梯的出现及发展·····································································113.2电梯设备·················································································123.2.1电梯的分类······································································123.2.2电梯的主要组成部分··························································123.2.3电梯的安全保护装置··························································133.2.4电梯技术发展情况·····························································133.2.5电梯发展展望···································································13第4章PLC的选择及其软件开发·················································154.1可编程控制器（PLC）的选型······················································154.2交流双速电梯的主电路·····························································154.3门机电路、抱闸电路、门锁及安全运行电路···································17II4.4电梯的主要电气设备································································174.5输入输出设计·········································································204.5.1算法说明········································································234.5.2程序中相关中间继电器的说明···············································244.6梯形图的设计···········································································254.7梯形图程序··············································································27第5章电梯模拟调试及安装·······················································485.1电梯模拟调试···········································································485.2电梯安装调试···········································································485.3程序的调试与运行监控·······························································49第6章总结·········································································51致谢················································································52参考文献·············································································53附录··················································································541.电梯的主电路图···········································································542.I/O连接图·················································································551前言近年来我国的经济飞速发展，人民生活水平的迅速梯高，工作居住条件得