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名词性从句复习教案(一)I、TeachingObjectives1.ToreviewthedefinitionandtheclassificationofNounClause.2.ToknowaboutthekeypointsofNounClauseinNationalEntranceExamination.3.Toknowaboutthedifferencesbetween“that”and“what”,andmastertheusageofthetwowords.II、Teachingdifficultandimportantpoints1.Thewaytojudgewhichclausethesentenceincludes.2.Thedifferencesbetween“that”and“what”,andmastertheusageofthetwowords.III、TeachingMethodExplanation,practiseandconclusionect.IV、Teachingprocedures大纲要求名词性从句是必考的。考点在哪儿?在引导名词性从句的连接代词及连接副词。在单选完型阅读中经常出现。学好它大有好处,因为完型阅读我们称为输入,写作我们称为输出。1Definition:简单句并列句复合句在复合句中起名词作用。名词可以在句中可放在主宾表同,那么把从句也放在主宾表同叫名词性从句。包括:主语从句(subjectclause)、宾语从句(objectclause)、表语从句(predicativeclause)和同位语从句(appositiveclause)e.g.Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.(subjectclause)Iwanttoknowwhether(if)hehaspassedthechemistry.(objectclause)Thetroubleisthathehasneverdonetheworkbefore.(predicativeclause)Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.(appositiveclause)一句话就是从句放在主宾表同的位置上从句可以是完整句也可以是不完整句考题回顾1.TeachershowsstudentssomeexcisesinNEMTa._______youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Thisb._____________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Wherec.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwhod.Heasked____foraviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaide.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.Itf.--“Theexperimenthadfailed!”--“Isuggestyou___again.”A.tryB.tryingC.willtryD.wouldtryKey:BBCDDA2名词从句的引导词通常有:1.连词that,whether,if.2.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which等3.连接副词when,where,how,why主语从句1、主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如:Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。已成为固定结构。如:a.Itis+名词+从句Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.很遗憾我们不能去。b.Itis+形容词+从句ItisclearthatTomhasreturned.很显然汤姆已经回来了。c.Itis+过去分词+从句Itissaid/reported/believed/known…1.Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethattheearthisround.2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.3.Wholetoutthenewsremainedunknown.=Itremainedunknownwholetoutthenews.4.Whyhedidn’tcomehereisnotcleartoanyone.=Itisnotcleartoanyonewhyhedidn’tcomehere.5.Howthishappenedisstillaquestion.6.Itisnotclearwhenwewillstart.注意:连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略。并且whether引导主语从句时不能用if代替。Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。注意:who,which,how,when,where,why在所引导的主语从句中可担任主语,宾语,状语,不能省略。可以用形式主语it引导。注意:who,whom,which,what等可以和ever构成合成词,引导名从+让步状从。此类主语从句不能用it引导,引导词在句中担任句子成分,不能省略。=nomatterX只能引导让步状语从句注意:句中使用陈述句语序注意有和虚拟语气联系之处宾语从句宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去.注意:1.介词后面的that不能省。Pterisagoodstudentexceptthatheissometimescareless.彼得是好学生,只是有时粗心。2.主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。Hesaidthat,ifhecouldmanagit,hewouldcomefordinner.他说,如果他安排得好的话,他会来吃晚饭的。3.宾语从句中有其他从属连词时,that不能省略。Hetoldmethatifitwasnecessarytheywouldworkallnight.他告诉我,如果需要的话,他们就干个通宵。4.如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如:HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。注意:宾从和虚拟可以结合在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+动词原形”。例如:Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。2.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如:Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持。3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。注意:whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:a.引导主语从句并在句首时;b.引导表语从句时;c.引导从句作介词宾语时;d.从句后有“ornot”时;e.后接动词不定式时。F.宾语从句是否定句时例如:Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留?Iwonderifitdoesn’train.So全选whether全选Xever注意:注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。例如:hestudiesEnglisheveryday.(从句用一般现在时)hestudiedEnglishlastterm.(从句用一般过去时)Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.(从句用一般将来时)hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.(从句用现在完成时)当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。例如:TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.注意:否定转移think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如:Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。Idon'tsupposehecares,doeshe我想他不会在意的,是吗
本文标题:名词性从句教案
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