《定语从句语法》PPT课件.ppt

Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.先行词______________________关系词___定语从句thatMaryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.定义•在复合句中充当定语的句子叫定语从句。定语从句可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词不定式等来担任。•定语从句一般都放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，我们把这种名词或代词叫做先行词。•关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。关系词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why关系代词：指物：thatwhich指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom（宾格）whose关系词关系副词：When的先行词一般是yeardaymoment等Where…………………地点Why…………………reasonAttention•关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语等成分。当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，关系代词不能省略，且从句谓语动词的人称和数要和主语保持一致；当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时，关系代词可以省略。关系代词在定语从句中的用法（１）ｗｈｏ，ｗｈｏｍ，ｔｈａｔ代替的先行词是代词或者人名Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeme？Sheisthewomanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.(宾语)Thepersonwithwhomheistalkingismyfather.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语)在介词后只能用whom，不能用who(2)whichthat所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在句中作主语或宾语（作主语时不能省略，但作宾语时可以省略）Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingismine.(3)Whose代词的所有格，用来指人或物的Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.ThegirlwhosebagisnewiscalledAnn.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人)thebook’s中考链接--Doyouknowtheman__isrunningalongthestreet?--Yes.HeisourEnglishteacher.[长沙市]A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose[解析]考查定语从句。限制性定语从句，如果修饰人，一般用关系who，有时用that(作主语时用who较多)。Theman_________gaveusatalkonscienceyesterdayisafamousscientist.[广东省]A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom[解析]本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为theman，指人，排除which；连接代词在从句中作主语，排除whose和whom。故本题选who。Withoutfriendship,onecan'tbehappyalthoughheisrichenough.Asforme,Iwillneverforgetthedays__Ispentwithmydearestfriend.[哈尔滨市]A.thatB.whenC.who[解析]在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词thedays作spent的宾语可判定用that引导关系代词that的具体用法（1）that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略Thisisthepen（that）youarelookingfor.这是你要找的那支钢笔。(宾语)Thegirlthathaslonghairismysister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。（主语）(2)只用that不用which的情况①先行词是all,much,anything,something等不定代词时：EgIsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?②先行词被形容词的最高级、序数词firstlast或only修饰时：EgItisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.•③先行词既有人又有物时：•Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?•Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunoveranoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.•④在以who引导的疑问句后，为了避免重复，只能用that。•Whoisthegirlthatisstandingthere?站在那边的那个女孩是谁？1.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone___familywaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose2.All____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.whichDB3.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which4.Sheheardaterriblenoise,__broughtherheartintohermouth.A.ItB.whichC.thisD.thatDB5①Hestilllivesintheroom____windowfacestotheeast.②Hestilllivesintheroom____isinthenorthofthecity.③Hestilllivesintheroom__thereisabeautifultable.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.ofwhichBAC6Thefirstbirthdaygiftherparents____wasanecklace.AgaveittoherB.gaveherC.gaveheritD.gaveitforherBMr.Herpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswho__C_inChina.A.worksB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hasbeenworkingTomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho__C_toShanghai.A.havegoneB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.hadgone•谢谢观赏~~~