book-7-module-4-introduction

Introduction长宁中学宋文琴Americamusicisthemixtureofallkindsofcultureandmusic.Ontheotherhand,Americaisafreecountryforthemusicdevelopment.whenitcomestomusic,whatmayimmediatelyoccurtoyou?Instrumentsguitarpianoviolinluteharpdrumflutesaxophoneelectronicorgansingerconductor/directormusiciancomposerbandchoirThepeoplewhoareconcernedwithmusic.musicFolkmusicRockandrollClassicalmusicJazzPopmusicRapthetypesofmusicVocabularysoulmusic灵乐blues布鲁斯音乐harmonica[hɑ:`mɔnikə]口琴sophisticated[sə`fistikeitid]adj.复杂的,高级的rhythmic[`riðmik]adj.有节奏的rhythm[`riðəm]n.节律，节奏gospel[`ɡɔspl]n.福音音乐improvisation[`imprəvai`zeiʃən]n.即席演奏syncopation[`siŋkə`peiʃn]n.切分音，切分节奏AblackgospelchoirAblackfemalesoulsinger1.Lookatthephotosandanswerthequestions.Awhitesinger/composerAwhitestudentjazzband1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenachoirandaband?choir:agroupofpeoplewhosingtogether,especiallyinachurchband:1.agroupofmusicianswhoplaymodernmusictogether:TheBeatlesareprobablythemostfamousbandintheworld.2.agroupoffashionableyoungmenorwomenwhoperformpopularsongstogetheranddanceasagroup:2.Whatinstrumentsdojazzmusiciansplay?Jazzmusiciansplaytheinstrumentssuchassaxophones,drums,adoublebass,trumpet,piano,etc.saxophone萨克斯管adoublebass低音提琴jazzdrum鼓trumpet喇叭，小号piano钢琴3.What’sthedifferencebetweenthesoulsingerandthebluessinger?Thewomanisablacksoulsinger.Hermusicisoftenquiteloud,andpeopleoftendancetoit.Themanisprobablyawhitebluessingerwhoissingingaswellasplayingaguitarandaharmonica.Bluesisoftenquieterthansoulmusic,andpeopledon’tusuallydancetoit.MoreaboutAmericanmusicgospelmusic:astyleofreligiousmusicoriginallyperformedbyblackAmericanssoulmusic:popularmusicwhichexpressesdeepfeelings,originallyperformedbyBlackAmericans:jazz:atypeofmodernmusicwitharhythminwhichthestrongnotesareusuallynotonthebeatandwhichisusuallyimprovised（即席演奏）blues:atypeofpopularmusicofthe1940sand1950swhichhasastrongbeatReading长宁中学宋文琴hiphop:atypeofpopularmusicinwhichthesubjectofthesongsisoftenpoliticsorsocietyandthewordsarespokenratherthansungHipHop的起源•潮流兴HipHop，其实所谓HipHop是指一种美国街头黑人文化，当中包括音乐、舞蹈、涂鸦、刺青和衣著。在大都会中，我们亦会从电视广告和音乐录影带中接触到这种文化。BreakdancingGraffitiDJsplayanimportantroleintherockmusicDJ-ingrapping(MC-ing)TogetgeneralideasMainideaThepassagetellsusthedefinition,theorigin,thedevelopmentofhiphopandthereasonofitssuccess.TogetdetailinformationScanning1WhichoneisNOThiphop’smainaspect?A.BreakdanceB.GraffitiC.DJ-ingandMC-ingD.Rockmusic2WhichoneisNOTthereasonofthesuccessofhiphop?A.Peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday.B.Hiphopischeapandeasy.C.DiscomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineD.Discomusichadastrongbeat.3Inthesentence“Hiphoptookadvantageofthatandprovidedakindofdiscomusicforpeoplewhohateddisco!”,whatdoesthatmean?A.discomusicB.discoandrockmusicbeingindeclineC.people’sbeingboredwiththepopmusicofthedayD.discomusichavingastrongbeatTrueorfalse1HiphopistheresultofacombinationofNorthAmericanandCaribbeaninfluences.2JamaicanDJscontinuedtoplayreggaemusiceventhoughtheaudiencesdidn’tlikeit.3Hiphopwassuccessfulbecauseitdoesn’tcostalotofmoneytodoit.TFT4Aftertheearlyrecording,rapartistschangedthewaytheyrecordedtheirsongs.5HiphopmusicisonlyproducedintheUnitedStates.TFTrueorfalse1.WhydidDJHercstopplayingreggaemusic?Becausehenoticedthatpeopledidn’tlikeit.2.HowdidtheDJsmakethepercussionbreaksinthesongslonger?Byusingtworecordsontwoturntables.Part23.WhatwereDJswhoshoutedduringthesongscalled?MCs.4.HowlongweretheperformancesoftheshoutingDJs?Hours.5.ApartfromtheDJs,whatelsehappenedatblockparties?Breakdancing.Part21.indecline(a)becomingmorepopular(b)becominglesspopular2.tookadvantageof(a)used(b)didn’tuse3.thenextgeneration(a)thepeoplewhofollowimmediately(b)people20yearslaterParts3&4Vocabulary4.spread(a)wenttootherplaces(b)stayedinthesameplace5.strongly(a)affectedalot(b)didn’taffectedatall6.emerged(a)disappeared(b)appearedParts3&4Vocabulary1.Thewordsofearlybluessongsoftenconsistedofasinglelinerepeatedtwoorthreetimesbeforechanging.P43早期的蓝调歌曲通常包含一句要反复唱两三遍才换的歌词。consistof无被动态,类似用法的词组还有:belongto,takeplace,happen,cometrue,comeout,breakout,etc.consistof由……组成Thecommitteeconsistsoftenmembers.TheBritishParliamentconsistsof/iscomposedoftheHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLords(下议院和上议院).【例】Thisisacharitycommittee___tenmembers.A.consistsofB.consistofC.consistedofD.consistingof2.…,butHercandotherDJsmadethemlongerbyusingtworecordsontwoturntables,sidebyside.sidebyside肩并肩,相互扶持e.g.①Twochildrenarewalkingsidebyside.②Westandsidebysidewithyouinthisdispute.※【拓展】类似的短语还有:neckandneck并驾齐驱地headtohead交头接耳地handinhand手牵手shouldertoshoulder肩并肩hearttoheart心心相印facetoface3.Theyexperimentwithdifferentvocalandrhythmicapproaches.他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法。◆experimentwith…用……做实验e.g.Theyareexperimentingwithnewmethodsofteaching.experiment的其他用法：make/do/carryout/perform/tryanexperimenton/upon/in/with做实验(试验)，对……做实验(试验)◆approachv.&n.①Thetimeisapproachingwhenwemustleave.(vi.来临)②Asyouapproachthetown,thefirstbuildingyouseeisthechurch.(vt.走近)③Hisworkisapproachingperfection.(vt.近似，接近)④Ourapproachdroveawaythewildanimals.(n.走近)⑤Alltheapproachestothetownwereblocked.(n.通路)⑥Thatprofessor’snewapproachtolanguageteachingwas