让步状语从句

让步状语从句由though,although,as(虽然尽管),evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引导.让步状语从句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有时还可以插在主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，后置时强调从句内容。though和although引导状语从句时通常可互换使用，though较为普遍，通常用于非正式语体，而although较为正式。两者引导让步状语从句时，若要强调前后两个部分的对比意义，主句中可用yet,still或nevertheless,但不能用but。Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。Thoughthesorebehealed,yetascarmayremain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）Although(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.e.g.Youngthough/asheis,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguage.（表语提前）Childthough/asheis,heknowsalot.（表语名词提前并常省去冠词）Muchthough/asIadmirehisfather,Idon’tlikeJohn.（副词提前）though引导的让步状语从句可顺装也可以倒装，although只能顺装，as只能倒装Trythough/asyoumay,youmightfailaswell.(实义动词提前)Borrowthebookthough/asyoumay,youmustreturnitontime.(实义动词有宾语和状语提前)Thoughhewasasmallchild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.as/though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。注意:a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。while引导的让步状语从句时相当although但while从句只能置于句首，且不可倒装。e.g.WhileIamnotoptimistic,Ihavenotgivenuphope.Althoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.=Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.=Hardthoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.=Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.他虽然已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作Althoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Childthoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Childashewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么though能与even连用，但although不能。eventhough等同于evenif，表示“即使，尽管，虽然….也”其所表达的意思比although更强烈We'llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.I’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow即使明天下雨，我也要去。evenif/eventhough引导的状语从句中，动词用虚拟语气和陈述语气时要表达的意义不同。EvenifIwereill,Iwouldattendthemeeting(即使我生病了，我也要参加会议）EvenifIamill,Iwillattendthemeeting.（虽然我生病了，我也要参加会议）虚拟语气，事实上我没有生病陈述语气，我现在的确生病了whateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhoweverwh-everNomatterwhoNomatterwhichNomatterwhereNomatterwhenNomatterwhereNomatterhownomatter+疑问词/wh－ever*nomatter+wh-与wh-ever有何区别1.引导让步状语从句，nomatterwhat/when/where/who/which/how就相当于whatever,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever和however,表示“无论什么/无论何处/无论谁/无论哪一个/无论如何”。e.g.Nomatterwho/whoeveryouare,youaretoobeythelaw.2.nomatter+wh-只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。3.wh-ever结构中：whenever,wherever和however只能引导让步状语从句；而whatever,whoever和whichever除了可以引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导名词性从句。e.g.①Wheneversheseesanyoneintrouble,shewillhelphimwithouthesitation.(让步状语从句)②Whateverhappens,hemanagestostaycalm.(让步状语从句)③Whateverisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.(名词性从句)4.引导让步状语从句时，whatever和nomatterwhat后可接名词，however和nomatterhow后接形容词或副词。e.g.Whatever/Nomatterwhat(difficulties)Imeetwith,Iwon’tgiveup.Nomatterhow/Howeverdiffculttheproblemis,Iwon’tgiveup.测评1.Theriverwillbefurtherpolluted_____somemeasures______.A.unless;aretakenB.unless;willbetakenC.if;aretakenD.if;willbetaken2.We’dbetterencouragehim______hecansmoothawaythedifficulties.A.soastoB.asthoughC.inordertoD.inorderthat3._______youarefreetonight,whynotdropinandplaychesswithme?A.ForB.SinceC.BecauseD.Evenif4._______,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverlateheisC.HoweverheislateD.Howeverishelate5._______,hewastosupportthefamily.A.ThoughheischildB.AchildasheisC.ChildasheisD.AsheisachildAnswers:ADBBC________mostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccept.Proud______thenobleis,heisafraidtoseeme.Wewouldn’tloseheart________weshouldfailtentimes.Althoughasevenif1__________,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.(2007重庆)A.StrangeasmightitsoundB.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.AsstrangeitmightsoundD.Strangeasitmightsound2.____tomorrow,ourshipwillsetsailforMacao.(2007上海春)A.HowevertheweatherislikeB.HoweveristheweatherlikeC.WhateveristheweatherlikeD.Whatevertheweatherislike3.____________,hetalksalotabouthisfavouritesingersafterclass.(2005重庆)AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemayD.Quietashemaybeastudent4.________hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.(2006全国1)A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although5._________,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.(2004上海春)A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing6._______Idon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(2007山东)A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While7---Dad,I’vefinishedmyassignment.---Good,and______youplayorwatchTV,youmustn’tdisturbme.(2003上海)A.WheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatter8._______,Carolidacouldn’tgetthedooropen.(2005广东)A.TryasshemightB.AsshemighttryC.ShemightastryD.Mightsheastry问题1：1、_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.（04江苏）A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南卷）A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthoughABwhile是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。evenif等于eventhough，表示“即使、尽管”。asthough等于asif，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。问题2：1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.（05天津卷）A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecost.（05浙江）A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．whereverABnomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别：nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever