上海外国语大学2017年MTI英语翻译硕士考研真题

上海外国语大学2017年MTI英语翻译硕士考研真题（回忆版）一、翻译硕士英语（211）1.选择题（20*1')考单词为主，后面有几道语法。单词以专八词汇为主，少量的gre词汇。2.阅读（20*1'）四篇阅读，个人觉得很简单，文章很短，只有一面的长度吧，用专八阅读练习足够了。3.改错（10*1'）比专八改错简单、前几年考的是修辞和英美文化常识、或古希腊神话典故。4.作文（50分，500字）谈谈你对happiness的定义。二、英语翻译基础（357）1.英译汉（75分）该部分选取的是卢梭的《爱弥儿》（Emile,orOnEducation）部分文章，主要选自《爱弥儿》第三卷第一节。全文1000多字，共11段，但题目只要求翻译划线部分，总计翻译872字，共6段。完整原文如下：Thewholecourseofman'slifeuptoadolescenceisaperiodofweakness;yettherecomesatimeduringtheseearlyyearswhenthechild'sstrengthovertakesthedemandsuponit,whenthegrowingcreature,thoughabsolutelyweak,isrelativelystrong.Hisneedsarenotfullydevelopedandhispresentstrengthismorethanenoughforthem.Hewouldbeaveryfeebleman,butheisastrongchild.Whatisthecauseofman'sweakness?Itistobefoundinthedisproportionbetweenhisstrengthandhisdesires.Itisourpassionsthatmakeusweak,forournaturalstrengthisnotenoughfortheirsatisfaction.Tolimitourdesirescomestothesamething,therefore,astoincreaseourstrength.Whenwecandomorethanwewant,wehavestrengthenoughandtospare,wearereallystrong.Thisisthethirdstageofchildhood,thestagewithwhichIamabouttodeal.Istillspeakofchildhoodforwantofabetterword;forourscholarisapproachingadolescence,thoughhehasnotyetreachedtheageofpuberty.Abouttwelveorthirteenthechild'sstrengthincreasesfarmorerapidlythanhisneeds.Thestrongestandfiercestofthepassionsisstillunknown,hisphysicaldevelopmentisstillimperfectandseemstoawaitthecallofthewill.Heisscarcelyawareofextremesofheatandcoldandbravesthemwithimpunity.Heneedsnocoat,hisbloodiswarm;nospices,hungerishissauce,nofoodcomesamissatthisage;ifheissleepyhestretcheshimselfonthegroundandgoestosleep;hefindsallheneedswithinhisreach;heisnottormentedbyanyimaginarywants;hecaresnothingwhatothersthink;hisdesiresarenotbeyondhisgrasp;notonlyisheself-sufficing,butforthefirstandlasttimeinhislifehehasmorestrengththanheneeds.Iknowbeforehandwhatyouwillsay.YouwillnotassertthatthechildhasmoreneedsthanIattributetohim,butyouwilldenyhisstrength.YouforgetthatIamspeakingofmyownpupil,notofthosepuppetswhowalkwithdifficultyfromoneroomtoanother,whotoilindoorsandcarrybundlesofpaper.Manlystrength,yousay,appearsonlywithmanhood;thevitalspirits,distilledintheirpropervesselsandspreadingthroughthewholebody,canalonemakethemusclesfirm,sensitive,tense,andspringy,canalonecauserealstrength.Thisisthephilosophyofthestudy;Iappealtothatofexperience.Inthecountrydistricts,Iseebigladshoeing,digging,guidingtheplough,fillingthewine-cask,drivingthecart,liketheirfathers;youwouldtakethemforgrownmeniftheirvoicesdidnotbetraythem.Eveninourtowns,iron-workers',toolmakers',andblacksmiths'ladsarealmostasstrongastheirmastersandwouldbescarcelylessskilfulhadtheirtrainingbegunearlier.Ifthereisadifference,andIdonotdenythatthereis,itis,Irepeat,muchlessthanthedifferencebetweenthestormypassionsofthemanandthefewwantsofthechild.Moreover,itisnotmerelyaquestionofbodilystrength,butmoreespeciallyofstrengthofmind,whichreinforcesanddirectsthebodilystrength.Thisintervalinwhichthestrengthoftheindividualisinexcessofhiswantsis,asIhavesaid,relativelythoughnotabsolutelythetimeofgreateststrength.Itisthemostprecioustimeinhislife;itcomesbutonce;itisveryshort,alltooshort,asyouwillseewhenyouconsidertheimportanceofusingitaright.Hehas,therefore,asurplusofstrengthandcapacitywhichhewillneverhaveagain.Whatuseshallhemakeofit?Hewillstrivetouseitintaskswhichwillhelpatneed.Hewill,sotospeak,casthispresentsurplusintothestorehouseofthefuture;thevigorouschildwillmakeprovisionforthefeebleman;buthewillnotstorehisgoodswherethievesmaybreakin,norinbarnswhicharenothisown.Tostorethemaright,theymustbeinthehandsandthehead,theymustbestoredwithinhimself.Thisisthetimeforwork,instruction,andinquiry.Andnotethatthisisnoarbitrarychoiceofmine,itisthewayofnatureherself.Humanintelligenceisfinite,andnotonlycannomanknoweverything,hecannotevenacquireallthescantyknowledgeofothers.Sincethecontraryofeveryfalsepropositionisatruth,thereareasmanytruthsasfalsehoods.Wemust,therefore,choosewhattoteachaswellaswhentoteachit.Someoftheinformationwithinourreachisfalse,someisuseless,somemerelyservestopuffupitspossessor.Thesmallstorewhichreallycontributestoourwelfarealonedeservesthestudyofawiseman,andthereforeofachildwhomonewouldhavewise.Hemustknownotmerelywhatis,butwhatisuseful.Fromthissmallstockwemustalsodeductthosetruthswhichrequireafullgrownmindfortheirunderstanding,thosewhichsupposeaknowledgeofman'srelationstohisfellow-men--aknowledgewhichnochildcanacquire;thesethings,althoughinthemselvestrue,leadaninexperiencedmindintomistakeswithregardtoothermatters.Wearenowconfinedtoacircle,smallindeedcomparedwiththewholeofhumanthought,butthiscircleisstillavastspherewhenmeasuredbythechild'smind.Darkplacesofthehumanunderstanding,whatrashhandshalldaretoraiseyourveil?Whatpitfallsdoesourso-calledscienceprepareforthemiserablechild.Wouldyouguidehimalongthisdangerouspathanddrawtheveilfromthefaceofnature?Stayyourhand.Firstmakesurethatneitherhenoryouwillbecomedizzy.Bewareofthespeciouscharmsoferrorandtheintoxicatingfumesofpride.Keepthistrutheverbeforeyou--Ignoranceneverdidanyoneanyharm,erroraloneisfatal,andwedo