Ontology oriented systems

TheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)TheTomskIEEEChapter&StudentBranchTheIEEEGOLDAffinityGroupoftheSiberiaSectionTHEIEEE-SIBERIANCONFERENCEONCONTROLANDCOMMUNICATIONSSIBCON-2003PROCEEDINGSRUSSIA,TOMSK,OCTOBER1−2,200323TheIEEE-SiberianConferenceonControlandCommunications(SIBCON—2003).Proceedings.–Tomsk:TheTomskIEEEChapter&StudentBranch.Russia,Tomsk,October1−2,2003.CopyrightandReprintPermission:Abstractingispermittedwithcredittothesource.LibrariesarepermittedtophotocopybeyondthelimitofU.S.copyrightlawforprivateuseofpatronsthosearticlesinthisvolumethatcarryacodeatthebottomofthefirstpage,providedtheper-copyfeeindicatedinthecodeispaidthroughCopyrightClearanceCenter,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923.Forothercopying,reprintorrepublicationpermission,writetoIEEECopyrightsManager,IEEEOperationsCenter,445HoesLane,P.O.Box1331,Piscataway,NJ08855-1331.Allrightsreserved.Copyright©2003bytheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers,Inc.SponsorRussianFoundationforBasicResearches(RFBR),project#03-07-93020Technicalco-sponsorsTheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)TheIEEECommunicationsSocietyTheIEEEMicrowaveTheoryandTechniquesSocietyCo-sponsorsTheTomskIEEEChapter&StudentBranchTomskPolytechnicUniversityIEEECatalogNumber:03EX687ISBN:0-7803-7854-7LibraryofCongress:2003102054OntologyorientedsystemsoftheaccesstoinformationTomaszOrzechowski,Member,IEEEDepartmentofTelecommunications,AGHUniversityofScienceandTechnology,al.Mickiewicza30,30-059Cracow,PolandTel.:[phone];fax.[phone];e-mail:[e-mail]–Computernetworkenablesustohavequickaccesstoinformation.Unfortunatelyglobalnetwork,inwhicheveryonehasthepossibilitytopresenthisownthoughtsfreely,isbecomingmorelikeagloballandfillsitethanaglobaldistributeddatabase.FromearlybeginningsofInternetdifferentstepshavebeentakentogiveitsusersthepossibilitytogettotheinformationtheyarelookingfor.Usuallytheseeffortscomedowntothecreationofservicesthatindexthecontent,whereassearchingtakesplaceamongalreadyindexedkeywords.Creatingweb-sitesandontologicallyorientedservicesseemstobeaveryinterestingandfor-wardsolution.Thisarticlefocusesonareviewoftheseissues.IndexTerms–Ontologies,SemanticWeb,webservices,mobileagents,agentsystems,databases,retrievalinformation.1.INTRODUCTIONNowadayscreatinganefficientprocessofexchanginginformationbetweenpeopleseemstobeanecessity.RecentnetworkthatconnectslocalIntranetsisitselfahugeassemblyofdata.Effectiveusageofinformationconstitutesanecessaryconditionforthedevelopmentofpeople.Informationaccessibleinglobalnetworkenablesustoshareourknowledge,thoughts,andkeepcontact.Herewecanfinddataveryusefulforourresearch,andlater,wecanalsopublishthemhere.Peopleseekingforajob,mayperhaps,findproperoffershere,andmaybeevenstartworkingforthenetworkitself.Herewecanalsofindavarietyofotherinterestinginformationaboutnewsfromourdirectneigh-borhood,region,countryorworld.Wecanreadthematicnewspapers,famil-iarizeourselveswithfilmsreviews,tobeabletobookrightticketsandevenpayforthem.Weusevirtualbankingmoreandmore,indeed,wechooseInter-nettravelagencies’offers,andbuydifferentproductsinnumerousnumberofInternetshops.However,ourgreatestproblemisstillconnectedwithgettingtotherightdatawearelookingfor.Thereforedefiningtermsweuseisgettingonimpor-0-7803-7854-7/03/$17.00©2003IEEE45tance.IndexationofcontentincontemporarysystemsofInternetsearchenginesdoesnotprovideuswithcertaintyasforthemeaningoftheterm,thathisauthorhadonmind.2.SEMANTICWEBTheideaofsemanticwebconstitutesavisionofthedevelopmentofglobalnetwork,inwhichtheinformationisunderstandablenotonlyforaman,butfirstandforemostfortheapplicationactingonhisbehalf[8,32].Definingthesemanticconnectionsbetweendataplacedonwebsiteswillenablewebuserstohavemorepreciseaccesstoinformation[4,25,26,27,28,29,30].Whatismore,itwillhelptocreatededicatedserversthatbaseonontology.Itwillalsolettheapplicationrealizeuser’sordersfully,andinagreementtohisexpecta-tions[1,5,24,31,34,35,36,37,38].Datahasitsownmeaningthatislinkedtothecontextofitsusage.Disre-gardinghomonyms,wordscaringthesamelexicalmeaning,maymeandiffer-entthingsdependingonwhoandinwhichcircumstancesuseit.Thetruemean-inglinkedtocharacterofinformation(popularorscientific)andtoallitsaspects(culture,group,environment,etc.)shouldbetakenintoconsiderationinSe-manticWeb.Recentontology,iscreatedonthebasisofontologydescriptionlanguagethat,inmostcases,usesXMLtags.OWL,DAML,OIL,andSHOEshouldbenumberedamongthemostpopularlanguages(Fig.1)[2,3,7,9,16,22,23,33].Fig.1.Connectionsamongontologydescriptionlanguages3.SYSTEMSOFACCESSTOINFORMATIONFinalusermaylookforwantedinformationindifferentways,amongotherthings,dependingoncharacterofusedsystem.Hecansearchforitingener-allyavailableglobalnetwork,orinhiscompany’sorworkinggroup’sone[17,20].Thistypeofdivisionofinformationsystemsrespectsthecharacterofstoredandwantedinformation.Italsodescribesthewayofhavingtheaccesstoinformation,oritspossiblespread[18,19,21].Usingtheontologyisusefulinanyofcasesmentionedabove.•SystemsdesignedforresearchcentersAmongthisgroupwecanrateresea