gnuplot

gnuplotAnInteractivePlottingProgramThomasWilliams&ColinKelleyVersion4.2organizedby:Hans-BernhardBr¨oker,EthanAMerritt,andothersMajorcontributors(alphabeticorder):Hans-BernhardBr¨okerJohnCampbellRobertCunninghamDavidDenholmGershonElberRogerFearickCarstenGrammesLucasHartLarsHeckingThomasKoenigDavidKotzEdKubaitisRussellLangTimoth´eeLecomteAlexanderLehmannAlexanderMaiEthanAMerrittPetrMikul´ıkCarstenStegerTomTkacikJosVanderWoudeAlexWooJamesR.VanZandtJohannesZellnerCopyrightc1986-1993,1998,2004ThomasWilliams,ColinKelleyCopyrightc2004-2007variousauthorsMailinglistforcomments:[e-mail]rts:[e-mail]byDickCrawford.3March20072gnuplot4.2CONTENTSContentsIGnuplot141Copyright142Introduction143Seeking-assistance154Newfeaturesintroducedinversion4.2164.1Newplotstyles..........................................164.1.1Histogram........................................164.1.2Labelplots.......................................164.1.3Imagedata.......................................164.1.4Filledcurves......................................164.1.5Vectors.........................................164.2Inputfrombinarydatafiles...................................164.3Newplotelements........................................164.3.1RGBcolors.......................................164.3.2Arbitraryrectangles..................................164.4Stringhandling..........................................174.4.1Stringandtextdatareadfromdatafiles.......................174.4.2User-definedstringvariables,operators,andfunctions...............174.5Macros..............................................174.6Auto-layoutofmultipleplotsonapage............................174.7Internalvariables.........................................174.8Neworrevisedterminaldrivers.................................174.8.1wxt...........................................174.8.2emf...........................................174.8.3gif,jpeg,png.....................................174.8.4postscript.......................................174.8.5ai............................................184.8.6epslatex,pslatex,pstex...............................184.8.7windows........................................184.9Canvassize............................................185Backwardscompatibility186Featuresintroducedinversion4.0196.1Mouseandhotkeysupportininteractiveterminals......................196.2Newterminals..........................................196.3Newplotstylepm3d......................................196.4Filledboxes............................................19CONTENTSgnuplot4.236.5Newplotoptionsmoothfrequency...............................206.6Improvedtextoptions......................................206.7Moretextencodings.......................................206.8Arrows..............................................206.9Datafileformat.........................................206.10Newcommands.........................................206.11Otherchangesandadditions..................................206.12Accompanyingdocumentation.................................217Batch/InteractiveOperation218Command-line-editing219Comments2210Coordinates2211Datastrings2312Environment2413Expressions2413.1Functions.............................................2513.1.1Randomnumbergenerator..............................2713.2Operators.............................................2713.2.1Unary..........................................2713.2.2Binary..........................................2813.2.3Ternary.........................................2813.3Gnuplot-definedvariables....................................2913.4User-definedvariablesandfunctions..............................2914Glossary3015Linetype,colors,andstyles3015.1Colorspec.............................................3116Mouseinput3216.1Bind................................................3216.2Mousevariables.........................................3317Plotting3418Start-up3419Stringconstantsandstringvariables3520SubstitutionandCommandlinemacros354gnuplot4.2CONTENTS20.1Substitutionofsystemcommandsinbackquotes.......................3520.2Substitutionofstringvariablesasmacros...........................3620.3Stringvariables,macros,andcommandlinesubstitution..................3621Syntax3721.1QuoteMarks...........................................3722Time/Datedata38IICommands3923Cd3924Call3925Clear4026Exit4027Fit4127.1Adjustableparameters......................................4227.2Shortintroduction........................................4227.3Errorestimates..........................................4327.3.1Statisticaloverview..................................4327.3.2Practicalguidelines..................................4427.4Control..............................................4527.4.1Controlvariables....................................4527.4.2Environmentvariables.................................4527.5Multi-branch...........................................4627.6Startingvalues..............