Book1 Unit4 grammar定语从句(关系代词)

1.Itisanappletree.（名词）2.Heisourfriend.（代词）3.Ihavethreebooks.（数词）4.Heisagoodstudent.（形容词）5.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.（副词)→(作后置定语）6.PeoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworld(介词短语)→(作后置定语）7.Ihavealettertosend.(动词不定式短语)→(作后置定语）8.Theboystandingunderthetreewantstoseeyou.(现在分词短语)→(作后置定语）9.Theboywhoisstandingunderthetreewantstoseeyou.(定语从句)→(作后置定语）StepI:课前准备HeismyEnglishteacher.HeisateacherwhoteachesmeEnglish.单个词从句定语前置后置从句定语从句:____________________________________________先行词:________________________关系词:________________________关系词的分类:___________________关系代词:______________________________________________在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词或整个主句的从句被定语从句修饰的名词或代词引导定语从句的词定语从句的三要素:关系代词和关系副词who,whom,whose,which,that,asThenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400000.()1.Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.2.Themanwhowaveduswasmyuncle.3.ThesubjectwhichIlikebestischemistry.4.Thewomanwhomyoutalkedaboutisherenow.)先行词关系词定语从句((()))(1．Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.Heisthemanwhoyousawlasttime.2．Doyouknowtheyoungmanwhomwemetatthegate.3．Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.Thehousewhosewindowsfacetothesouthisverycoolinsummer.)()()()()(人主语人宾语宾语人人定语定语物4．Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebookwhichtheteachermentionedyesterday.5．Whoisthegirlthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere.TheyagreedwiththeadvicethatBillgavetothem.)()()()(物主语物宾语人主语物宾语主语宾语定语人物人人物物who,thatwhich,thatwhom,who,that,~which,that,~whose归纳解题步骤：1)划出__________2)找出__________3)判断_______在从句中充当什么成分4)选取合适的________二.如何选取合适的关系词先行词定语从句先行词关系词Thenumberofpeople____werekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400000.()who/that1.Ihaveafriend_________likeslisteningtoHip-Hop.2.Iknowthestudent_________bookwaspublished.(出版)3.Emilyiswearingthenewdress________Igavetoher.4.Themovie__________nameisGangJiongwasdirectedbyXuZheng.5.Howdoyoulikethefilm____________wasshownlastSunday.6.Betty__________________JimhelpedwithhermathstudiesEnglishverywell.who/thatwhosewhich/that/~whosewhich/thatwhom/who/that/~()人主语归纳3：关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时______；关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时________。1)Theoldmanwho/thatteachesmathinacollegeisaprofessor.2)Doyouliketheparrotthat/whichcansingEnglishsongs?3)Thenoodles(which/that)Icookedweredelicious.4)Mr.Lee(whom/that)youwanttoseehascome.不可省略可省略归纳4：关系代词在定语从句充当主语时，应注意从句的__________1.Jimwastalkingtotheteamwho_____playingfootballwithhim.A.wereB.wasC.areD.is2.Hewho_____reachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.A.don’tB.didn’tC.doesn’tD.not主谓一致多用that不用which作关系词的情况：1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时。1)Haveyousetdowneverything_______Mr.Lisaid?2)Thereseemstobenothing_______isimpossibletohimintheworld.thatthat多用that不用which作关系词的情况：2.先行词被all,every,each,any,some,little,few,no,much等修饰时。1)Allthebooks_________youofferedhavebeengivenout.2)Thereisnodifficulty_________can’tbeovercomeintheworld.thatthat多用that不用which作关系词的情况：3.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时。1)ThisisthebestEnglishfilm________Ihaveeverseen.2)ThefirstEnglishnovel________IreadwasATaleofTwoCities.thatthat4.先行词既包括人又包括物时。Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthings_______weremembered.that多用that不用which作关系词的情况：5.先行词被theonly,thevery(正是),thesame,thelast修饰时。1)Thisistheverydictionary_______isofgreathelp.2)Heistheonlyperson______Iwanttosee.3)StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_______lifehasdevelopedgradually.thatthatthat多用that不用which作关系词的情况：6.若主句是以特殊疑问词which或who开头的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只用that。1)Whoistheman________ismakingaspeech?2)Whichisthemachine________weusedlastSunday?thatthat()1.Theman____________Amyaskedforhelpisapoliceman.()2.Whoistheman_______istalkingtoourEnglishteacher?()3.Thewoman_______dressisblackiswaitingforhersonattheschoolgate.who/whom/that/~thatwhoseCBB()4.Ihatethepeople__________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.()5.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.()6.Thecoat______________Iputonthedeskisblue.who/thatAthatwhich/that/~AB1.Thehouseweliveinisverybig.2.Thechildrenparentsawayworkinginbigcitiesshouldbetakemorecareof.3.Isthereanythingyouwanttobuyintheshop？4.Theboyiswearingtheajacketisveryclever.)()()()(which/that/~whosethatwho/thatare5.Thisisthepresenthegavemeformybirthday.6.Themanyoutalkedtojustnowisascientist.7.Hetalkedaboutthefactoriesandworkershehadvisited.)()()(which/that/~whom/who/that/~that8.Thereisnothingintheworldcanfrightenhim.9.Wevisitedafactorymakestoysforchildren.10.TheteacherthestudentslikebestisMr.Lee.)(that(())which/thatwhom/who/that/~1.ThefirstbookwhichIreadwasGoneWiththeWind.2.Thechildwhoparentsdiediscalledanorphan.3.Afootballfaniswhohaveastronginterestinfootball.4.Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpersonswhichtheyrememberedintheirschool.5.Don’tbelieveanythingwhichhetellyou.thatwhosehasthatthat