2012自考英语二-Unit-2

Unit2MistaketoSuccessAFamousQuoteSuccessisgoingfromfailuretofailurewithoutlosingyourenthusiasm.——WinstonChurchill成功就是经历一次一次失败后，热情依旧。——温斯顿·丘吉尔TEXTASpiltMilkNewWordsspill（spilt）v.（使）洒出，泼出，溢出respondv.作出反应，响应interviewv.（媒体）采访；访问;面试creativeadj.创造（性）的；创作的occurv.发生；出现removev.移开；拿开；去掉refrigeratorn.冰箱gripn.紧握；紧抓slipperyadj.滑的；滑的抓不住（或站不稳，难以行走）的contentn.所容纳之物；所含之物veritableadj.十足的；名副其实的；不折不扣的yellv.喊；大喊；吼叫lecturen.（冗长的）教训，训斥，谴责messn.肮脏；杂乱；不整洁rarelyadv.罕有；很少；不常puddlen.水洼；小水坑eventuallyadv.最后；终于restorev.使复原；使复位，使复职spongen.海绵块effectivelyadv.有效的tinyadj.极小的；微小的discoverv.查明；发现graspv.抓紧；抓牢lipn.边，边沿renownedadj.有名的；闻名的；受尊敬的remarkv.谈论；评论opportunityn.机会；时机scientificadj.科学（上）的；关于科学的valuableadj.很有用的；很重要的；宝贵的PhrasesandExpressionsinthismanner用这种方式set…apartfrom区别；使与众不同重点词汇讲解spillv.（使）洒出，泼出，溢出eg:Theinkspiltalloverthedesk.墨水洒了一桌子。Whohasspilt/spilledthemilk?谁把牛奶泼出来了?用法：cryoverspiltmilk为已经发生而无法补救的事懊悔eg:You'vebrokenitnow;it'snousecryingoverspiltmilk!你现在既已把它损坏了，后悔是没有用的!interviewv.（媒体）采访；访问eg:Weinterviewed20peopleforthejob.为这份工作我们对20人进行了面试。衍生：inter-在…之间internet互联网international国际的interview面试-ee动作的受动者intervieween.（面试中）受审核者；被接见者；被采访者employee雇员，examinee考生-er动作的执行者interviewern.主持面试者；接见者；采访者employer雇主，examiner考官re-=again=再rename重命名replace替代removev.移开；拿开；去掉用法：~sth./sb.（fromsth.）eg:removethedishes（fromthetable）（从餐桌上）撤去碗碟restorev.使复原；使复位，使复职用法：~sb./sth.tosth.eg:restoresackedworkerstotheiroldjobs使被解雇的工人复工remarkv.谈论；评论用法：~on/uponsth./sb.eg:Icouldn'thelpremarkingonheryouth.我脱口而出说她那么年轻。SpiltMilkHaveyouheardofthestoryaboutspiltmilk?Well,weallknowthereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Butthisstoryisdifferent.Iwouldhopeallparentswouldrespondinthismanner.打翻的牛奶你是否听过打翻的牛奶的故事?我们都知道为已经打翻的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。不过这次的故事不同。我希望所有父母都能作出如此回应。Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousresearchscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs.Hewasinterviewedbyanewspaperreporterwhoaskedhimwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson;whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?最近我听到一个故事，故事的主角是一个在医学领域取得多项重大突破的知名科学家。在一次报社记者对他的采访中，记者问他为什么他比普通人更富有创造力，是什么让他如此与众不同。Herespondedthat,inhisopinion,itallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthatoccurredwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor—averitable(十足的)seaofmilk!他回答道，在他看来，这全部源于他两岁时和妈妈的一次共同的经历。他试图从冰箱里取出一瓶牛奶，却没有抓住光滑的瓶子，瓶子掉了，牛奶洒得厨房满地都是——白花花的一片。Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofyellingathim,givinghimalecture,orpunishinghim,shesaid,Robert,whatagreatwonderfulmessyouhavemade!Ihaverarelyseensuchahugepuddleofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?他妈妈走进厨房时，没有对他大吼大叫，没有训斥他或惩罚他，而是对他说：“罗伯特，瞧你把地板弄得，多么的壮观啊!我几乎从未见过这么大的一摊牛奶。噢，既然损失已经造成了，你要不要下来玩一会牛奶我们再打扫?”Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitupandrestoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge,atowel,oramop.Whichdoyouprefer?Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.他真的在一地的牛奶上玩了一会儿。几分钟后，妈妈又说：“罗伯特，你要知道，每次像这样搞得一团糟，最终还是要收拾干净，让一切恢复原位。所以，你看该怎么打扫好呢?我们可以使用一块海绵、一条毛巾或者一个拖把。你喜欢用哪一个呢?”他选择了海绵，并和妈妈一起把地板上的牛奶打扫干净。Hismotherthensaid,Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit.Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Whatawonderfullesson!他妈妈接着对他说：“你知道，今天我们实际上做了个实验——如何用两只小手稳妥地端一个大的牛奶瓶，可惜我们的实验失败了。那我们去后院继续做实验吧，给瓶子里装上水，看看你能不能发现用什么方法端这个瓶子它不会掉。”于是这个小男孩学会了用双手抓住瓶子上面靠近瓶盖的位置，这样端的时候瓶子就不会掉。多么美妙的一堂课!Therenownedscientistremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout(真谛).Eveniftheexperimentdoesn'twork,weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.这位著名的科学家谈论道，正是在那一刻他明白了无需害怕犯错误。相反，他认识到错误正是学习新东西的机会，毕竟任何科学实验都是如此。’即使实验“行不通”，我们往往也能从中得到一些宝贵的经验。Wouldn'titbegreatifallparentswouldrespond（in）thewayRobert'smotherrespondedtohim?如果所有家长都像罗伯特的妈妈那样对待孩子该有多好啊。EXERCISESICheckyourcomprehension1.Thisisastoryaboutafamousresearchscientistwho____.A）lookedsmarterthantheaveragepersonB）wasanunordinaryboywhenhewasyoungC）becamewell-knownafteraninterviewD）achievedgreatsuccessinthemedicalfield【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题是对这则故事主人公身份事迹的考查。我们可以从课文第二段第一句中找到答案——whohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs，即一个在医学领域颇有成就的著名科学家，因此答案为D.2.Whydidhegetthemilkspiltalloverthekitchenfloor?A）Hefailedtoremovethebottleanditfell.B）Hewastooyoungtocarrytheheavybottle.C）Hehadnoconfidenceintakingthebottle.D）Heloosedhisgriponthebottledeliberately.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题是对细节的考查。我们可以从课文第三段第二句找到答案，helosthisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,因为他没有抓住光滑的瓶子，瓶子掉了，因此A正确；D项前面说法正确，但是deliberately意为“故意地”，明显不合文意。答案为A.3.Howdidhismotherrespondtohismistake?A）Shepunishedhimbymakinghimcleanthekitchen.B）Sheshoutedtostophimfromdoinganything.C）Sheallowedhimtoplayinthemilkfirst.D）Shetaugh