语法填空解题技巧 (公开课 转载)

Learningaims:1.MastertheskillsofGrammaticalFilling（语法填空）.2.Learnhowtodealwiththistypeofexerciseskillfully.3-4空（有提示词）动词：词性转换?谓语动词?非谓语动词?时态语态主谓一致（人称和数）-ing-edtodo主动；正在/同时进行被动/状态；完成主动；目的/将来单数？形容词/副词:名词：词性转换?比较级?最高级?复数？6-7空（无提示词）连词：and，but，or…引导词（从句）:连接性副词:however，therefore…介词:in，on，to，for…冠词:a,an,theTestPoints考点who,that,what…词性转换?代词:语法填空题------空格设置Q1.Whatareusuallytested?反义词?人称代词、物主代词、反身代词…语法填空题------能力要求Fourskillsneeded:1.Theabilitytounderstandthewholepassage;2.Theabilitytoanalyze(分析）sentences,especiallythoselongandcomplicated（复杂的）ones;3.Befamiliarwith(熟悉）thebasicgrammarrules;4.Theabilitytospellthewordscorrectly.（包括大、小写）语法填空题------解题步骤Q2.Howdoyouusuallydealwiththistypeofexercise?1.整体把握Lookthroughthewholepassagetogetageneral/mainidea，thepurposeofwritingandthegeneraltense(时态).2.分析理解Analyze(分析）thestructureofsentences,especiallythoselongandcomplicated（复杂的）ones.3.由易到难Dealwiththesimpleonesfirst,suchasthosefixedpatternsortheonesgivingcertainwords.Whencomingacrossdifficultones,justleavetilltheend.Thendealwiththeblanksyoumissedjustnow.4.通篇重读Readthewholepassageagainandcheckedwhatyouhavefilledintheblanks.Ihadbeentryingtohelpayounggirlwhobeggedonthestreet.Afewdaysagoshesharedsomegoodnews___1___me.She___2___(offer)ajobinanothertownwhichisabout150kmaway.Shewouldmovethereafteraweekorso.___3____(realize）thatmovingandstartinganewjobwouldrequireseveralthingsshecouldn’tafford,Ipickedupa$50billandgave____4___toheralongwithtensmilecards.Iexplainedthatthesewereactuallytwogifts.___5___$50billwasonegiftandthesmilecardswereagiftforhertoexpressherthankstoall___6____hadhelpedher.ButIexplainedthatthe____7____(good)giftofallwouldbethejoy____8____wouldfindwhenusingthosecards.Hersmileandthesincere___9___(express)ofgratitudeonherfacewereallthethanksIneeded.Iwillprobablyneverseeheragain.___10__thewarmthIfeelfromknowingshenowhastheopportunitytostartanewlifemakesitallworthwhile.Step1:Lookthroughthewholepassagetogetageneral/mainidea，thepurposeofwritingandthegeneraltense(时态).Mainidea:Theauthorhadbeentryingtohelpayounggirlwhobeggedonthestreet.Afterknowingshegotajobinanothertown,theauthorgavehera$50billandtensmilecards.作者一直在帮助一名乞讨的女孩。得知她在另外的一个镇找到工作后，作者送给她50美元和10张微笑卡。Thepurposeofwriting:Thegeneraltense:Characters(人物）Event（事件）I(theauthor)ayounggirlwhobeggedonthestreetWhathappenedtothem?过去的某种时态Weshouldbewillingto(bereadyto)helpothers.Step2AnalyzethestructureofsentencesAfewdaysagoshesharedsomegoodnews_1_me.技巧1：翻译提示法翻译：____________________________联想：固定搭配“与某人分享某物”_________________考查范围：____________技巧2：空格设置：__________可能考查范围：__________________________________判断句型：__________(简单句？复合句?）前几天，她______我分享了好消息。sharesthwithsb介词无提示词连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词简单句思考：？+代词（宾格）V谓withShe_____2_____(offer)ajobinanothertownwhichisabout150kmaway.技巧1：空格设置：_________________所给词的词性：_____________判断句型：__________(简单句？复合句?）词性转换？V谓V非引导词定从所作成分：_______先行词________(人？物）V从谓V主谓主语anothertown时态？_________语态？_________主谓一致(人称/数）?_________有提示词动词复合句一般过去时被动单数was/were+v-ed___________物wasoffered结构简化法：去掉插入语、修饰语、附加结构、某些从句等，将原本比较复杂的句子简化，有助于我们看清句子的结构。__3___(realize）thatmovingandstartinganewjobwouldrequireseveralthingsshecouldn’tafford,Ipickedupa$50billandgave__4__toheralongwithtensmilecards.技巧1：空格设置：____________所给词的词性：________有提示词动词S1V1V2S2that/whichSVVV非谓词性转换？V谓V非谓-ing-edtodo主动；正在/同时进行被动/状态；完成主动；目的/将来找逻辑主语I-ing作____________成分=____________________________原因状语BecauseIrealizedthat…Realizing__3___(realize）thatmovingandstartinganewjobwouldrequireseveralthingsshecouldn’tafford,Ipickedupa$50billandgave__4__toheralongwithtensmilecards.S1V1V2S2that/whichSVVV非谓技巧1：翻译提示法翻译：_____________________________________________________________联想：固定搭配“给某人某物”_________________考查范围：____________技巧2.空格设置：________________可能考查范围：__________________________________所填词在句中作何成分？__________连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词无提示词宾语我拿出一张50美元的钞票，然后把__________________和10张微笑卡给了她。givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth代词一张50美元的钞票代替人？物？单数？复数？宾格itIexplainedthatthesewereactuallytwogifts.__5__$50billwasonegiftandthesmilecardswereagiftforhertoexpressherthankstoall__6__hadhelpedher.技巧空格设置：________________可能考查范围：__________________________________判断句型：______________________(简单句？复合句?并列句？）无提示词连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词并列句结构对比法（并列句）：某些句子结构的前后部分往往包含完全相同或者平衡的语法结构,我们可以通过对比前后结构的类比辨析来确定正确的答案。这里提到的$50bill特指上文提到的那张$50钞票（第二次提到）TheIexplainedthatthesewereactuallytwogifts.__5__$50billwasonegiftandthesmilecardswereagiftforhertoexpressherthankstoall__6__hadhelpedher.技巧空格设置：________________可能考查范围：__________________________________判断句型：______________________(简单句？复合句?并列句？）所填词在句中作何成分？_______考查范围：________________________无提示词连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词复合句主语all：所有……的人定语从句的引导词主语先行词：all指人关系代词V谓V谓expressone’sthankstosb.向某人表达谢意who/thatButIexplainedthatthe____7___(good)giftofallwouldbethejoy___8___wouldfindwhenusingthosecards.技巧：空格设置：_________________所给词的词性：__________可能考查的范围：__________________________________the+?+gift.+ofall判断句型：__________(简单句？复合句?并列句？）有提示词形容词复合句词性转换、形容的比较级或最高级、反义词所有礼物中……好的礼物bestgood,better,bestbad,worse,worstSVS1V1ButIexplainedthatthe____7___(good)giftofallwouldbethejoy___8___wouldfindwhenusingthosecards.技