语法填空解题技巧-有提示词

Welcome!语法填空解题技巧有提示词的解题技巧一、纯空格试题的解题技巧一、在句子缺主语或宾语，应填______。技巧二、名词和代词在句子中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一定是填_______。技巧三、名词前面若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能是填_______。技巧四、若两个或几个单词或短语之间都没有连词，那很可能是______。技巧五、如两个句子之间没有连词，没有分号和句号，那很可能是填_______或关系词。技巧六、结构完整而空格后是动词原形，很可能是______或是强调的助动词（do,does,did）。代词介词限定词连词连词情态动词★有提示词的解题技巧谓语动词（时态和语态）非谓语动词词性的转换有提示词缺谓语动词时态、语态◆根据语境确定用哪种时态◆根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态，还要考虑主谓一致。［例1］“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking，”Jane________(inform).wasinformed解题技巧◆如果空格前是助动词（do,did,does等）或情态动词（can,may,must等）则空格一般用。◆如果空格前是have的各种形式，则想到构成。◆如果空格前是be的各种形式，则想到用。动词原形完成时进行时态或被动语态1.Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthedid_______(bring)homearegularsalary.2.“Mysisterhas_______(go)tobewithGod.DaddysaidthatMommywillalsojoinGodverysoon,soIthinkthatshecanbringthedollwithhertogiveittomysister.”3.InLondon,threepeoplewere________（take）toahospital,whileothersweretreatedatalocalclinic.bringgonetaken句中已有谓语动词非谓语动词温馨提示非谓语动词的形式（done/todo/doing)一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。◆如果与中心词是主动关系，；◆如果与中心词是被动关系，；◆表示将来/表目的:一般用doing一般用done动词不定式todo［例2］Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,_______(wear)sunglasses.wearinghe与wear是主动关系，用现在分词注意：如果所需填写的动词前面是一个句子并且有逗号，一搬应用现在分词，表示伴随或结果。例3…….Lessons_________(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.learnedlessons与learn是被动关系，用过去分词［例4］Forexample，theproverb,“pluckingupacrop______(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.tohelp“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拔高”的目的，用不定式作目的状语我们可根据以下三点顺利解题：(1)作主语或宾语用____________(2)作定语、表语或补足语用____________(3)修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语，用___________词类转化——当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化名词形式形容词形式副词形式［例5］Histeachertookadeepdrink，smiled____(warm)，andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.warmly修饰谓语动词smiled，用副词［例6］ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.choice在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词，或者说，在形容词性物主代词后，一定是用名词限定词后名词温馨提示空格是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或形容词之后，则应考虑填________。但不要忘记，要考虑名词是否变复数，是否有所有格形式等名词Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the_______(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.operationthe是冠词，后面应该跟operate的名词形式operation.1.首先确定所填词的功能。形容词修饰名词、代词副词修饰动词、形容词。2.考虑形容词或副词的级别。3.考虑形容词或副词的否定或肯定形式。形容词和副词形容词+ly的副词［例7］Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir____(nature)course.natural在名词course前，要用形容词括号中所给词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词比较级(或最高级)温馨提示要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than…的隐性比较级。［例8］Itmighthavemadeitalittle______(hard)foreverybody…harder分析：alittle/much+比较级1.Oneofthe[33]__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…2.______________(fortunate),IforgotallaboutthebirdsuntilthenightbeforeVernonwasgoingtoreturn.worstUnfortunately有的时候会不必改变词类，而要求通过加上前缀im/un-等，后缀-less等，填入括号中所给词的反义词。（例9）Yourmistakecausedalotof_______(necessary)workintheoffice.unnecessarywork名词，前面应该是用形容词作定语PracticemakesperfectLastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid1wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths2(early),butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We3（tell）thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,4fortheweekafter.Ididn’tunderstand5thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged6thereservation.What’sworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas7（surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon8topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andweweren’tchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach9wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle10（sunburn），butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn’tmind.Sometimesexperienceinothercountriescanhelppeopletounderstandtheirownidentitybetter.MahatmaGandhi,(1)wasbornin1869inWesternIndia,dreamtofgoingtoEnglandtostudy.He(2)(tell)thathisHinduregiondidnotallowvoyagesabroad.(3),Gandhiwasverydeterminedandhefinallyleft(4)Englandin1887.Atfirsthetriedtolearntobehavelike(5)Englishmangentleman,buthesoonlearntthat(6)wasbettertobehimself.HestudiedlawinLondon,qualifyingin1891.Healsolearntaboutotherreligious.HereturnedtoIndiaandworkedasalawyerfortwoyears.Aftersomeproblems,hewasofferedajobinSouthAfrica,(7)heexperiencedracismasamemberoftheIndiancommunity.Hedecided(8)(fight)fortherightsoftheIndiansusing“passiveresistance”.Hehadthreemainbeliefs,non-violence,(9)(religion)toleranceandtruth.WhenhefinallyreturnedtoIndiain1915,hebecameagreatpoliticalleader.(10)thefightforindependencehewasoftenputinprison,buthisbeliefsneverchanged.whowastoldHoweverforanitwheretofightreligiousDuring谓语动词词性转换时态语态非谓语动词现在分词过去分词动词不定式主动/进行被动/完成/状态具体/将要/目的名词形容词副词构词法人称、数和语气summary有提示词的解题技巧•学习建议：•不断记忆，积累词汇•夯实基础，学好语法•大声朗读，培养语感•坚持不懈，多做练习PracticeMakesPerfect!Homework:完成金版学案316页，语法填空演练第一、二篇Thankyouforlistening!