毕业设计太阳能热水器智能控制系统

摘要本文设计了一个太阳能热水器智能控制系统。它以89C52单片机为核心，配合电阻型4档水位传感器、负温度系数NTC热敏电阻温度传感器、8255A扩展键盘和显示器件、驱动电路（电磁阀、电加热、报警）等外围器件，完成对太阳能热水器容器内的水位、水温测量、显示；时间显示；缺水时自动上水，水溢报警；手动上水、参数设置；定时水温过低智能电加热等功能。其中本文第一章主要说明了太阳能热水器智能控制系统的研究现状和本课题的主要任务，第二章对系统的整体结构作了简单介绍，第三章重点介绍了水位水温测量电路，第四章介绍了时钟电路，第五章介绍了显示和键盘电路，第六章对其他电路作了介绍，第七章是对水位测量电路的硬件调试。本系统对于水位传感器、水温传感器的电阻数据的处理均采用独特的RC充放电的方法。它与使用A/D转换器相比，电路简单、制造成本低。特别适用于对水位、水温要求不精确的场合。关键词：太阳能，热水器，控制器，89C52，RC充放电AbstractThisarticlehasdesignedaintelligencecontrolsystemforsolar-poweredwaterheater.Ittakethe89C52microcontrollerintegratedcircuitasthecore,thecoordinate4gradesofwaterslevelresistancesensor,thenegativetemperaturecoefficientNTCthermistortemperaturesensor,the8255Aexpansionkeyboardandthedemonstrationcomponent,theactuatecircuit(solenoidvalve,electricheating,warning)andotherperipherycomponent,completestothewaterlevelandtemperaturemeasureanddemonstrate;thetimedemonstrate;lackofwaterautomaticallyupstream,thewateroverflowwarn;fixedtimeintelligencelyelectricheat.Thefirstchapterofthisarticlemainlyexplainedtheresearchsituationofthesolar-poweredwaterheaterintelligencecontrolsystemandtheprimarymissionofthistopic.Thesecondchapterhasmadethesimpleintroductiontotheoverallconstructionofthesystem.Thethirdchapterintroducedwithemphasisonthewaterlevelandwatertemperaturemeteringcircuit.Thefourthchapterintroducedtheclockcircuit.Thefifthchapterintroducedthedemonstrationandthekeyboardcircuit,.Thesixthchapterhasmadetheintroductiontoothercircuits.Theseventhchapteristhehardwaredebuggingofthewaterlevelmeasuringcircuit.RegardingtheprocessofthewaterlevelsensorandwatertemperaturesensorresistancedatathissystemusesthemethodoftheuniqueRCelectricsufficientanddischarging.ComparedtousingtheA/Dconverter,theelectriccircuitissimple,theproductioncostislow.Speciallyitissuitableforthewaterlevelandthewatertemperaturemeasuringrequestedunprecisesituation.Keyword:Solarenergy,waterheater,controller,89C52,RCelectricsufficientanddischarge目录目录摘要...........................................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................II目录.......................................................................................................................III第一章引言.............................................................................................................11.1课题的背景意义............................................................................................11.2太阳能热水器和其控制器的发展现状........................................................11.3课题的研究内容............................................................................................3第二章太阳能热水器智能水位控制系统整体结构介绍.........................................4第三章水位和水温测量电路硬件设计.....................................................................53.1水位测量电路................................................................................................53.1.1方案比较选择....................................................................................53.1.2水位测量电路的具体设计及优化....................................................83.2水温测量电路..............................................................................................153.2.1方案比较选择..................................................................................153.2.2水温测量电路的设计及温度计算方法..........................................163.3水位、水温测量电路的整体设计..............................................................20第四章显示电路.......................................................................................................214.1方案选择......................................................................................................214.1.18255A芯片介绍...............................................................................214.1.28255A在太阳能热水器控制电路中的作用.................................244.2显示电路工作原理......................................................................................254.2.18255A显示电路的硬件结构。.......................................................254.2.28255A实现显示方法.......................................................................27目录第五章其他硬件电路设计.......................................................................................305.1上水电磁阀、电加热、报警等驱动电路..................................................305.1.1上水控制电路...................................................................................305.1.2电加热控制电路...............................................................................305.1.3报警控制电路...................................................................................305.1.4水位显示电路...................................................................................315.2电源电路......................................................................................................31参考文献.....................................................................................................................33致谢..............................................................................................