超滤-反渗透工艺深度处理胜利油田含聚采油废水试验研究

国内图书分类号：X703.1学校代码：10213国际图书分类号：628.3密级：公开工程硕士学位论文超滤-反渗透工艺深度处理胜利油田含聚采油废水试验研究硕士研究生：封象水导师：高金良副教授副导师:付林高级工程师申请学位：工程硕士学科领域：环境工程所在单位：胜利油田森诺胜利工程公司答辩日期：2009年3月授予学位单位：哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:X703.1U.D.C:628.3DissertationfortheMasterDegreeinEngineeringEXPERIMENTALSTUDYONULTRAFILTRATION+REVERSEOSMOSISPROCESSUSEDINDVANCEDTREATMENTOFPOLYMER-BEARINGPRODUCEDWATERINSHENGLIOILFIELDCandidate:FengXiangshuiSupervisor:AssociateProf.GaoJinliangAssistingSupervisor:SeniorEngineerFULinAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpeciality:EnvironmentalEngineeringAffiliation:ShengliOilfieldSennuoShengliEngineeringCompanyDateofDefence:March,2009Degree-Conferring-Institution:HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文-I-摘要随着水资源短缺和水污染的日益严重，水已成为采油工业发展的制约因素。聚合物驱采油废水中含油量高，聚合物含量高，油水分离的难度大。传统含油污水处理工艺己经不能满足油田回注水水质要求。试验采用超滤反渗透系统处理聚合物驱采油废水，然后将反渗透产水作为油田回注水，从而使循环回注水满足配制聚合物要求，实现水资源循环利用，减轻环境污染。超滤-反渗透技术已在胜利孤岛采油厂孤四污水站现场进行试验研究。试验以国产超滤膜和反渗透膜为基本单元。试验首先采用超滤反渗透工艺处理聚合物驱采油废水，通过试验来验证超滤系统对于聚合物驱采油废水的耐受性，超滤与反渗透联合工艺的可行性，并确定超滤与反渗透系统的昀佳工况。试验分别对超滤系统中悬浮物、浊度的、石油类、有机物、聚合物、离子及细菌的去除效果，反渗透系统中脱盐效果及对不同离子去除效率，pH值、电导率指标对反渗透系统进出水性质的影响，反渗透含聚采油废水出水中矿化度与聚合物粘度趋势关系以及反渗透出水粘度与同实验条件黄河水稀释聚合物粘度随时间变化规律进行系统性研究。结果表明，超滤可有效去采油废水水中的悬浮物、降低石油类物质含量，产水的水质、水量完全满足反渗透膜进水要求。在反渗透水处理工艺中，给水pH控制在6.3～7.6之间，预处理系统是反渗透系统正常运行的保障。通过超滤-反渗透技术处理聚驱采油废水回用试验，证明超滤-反渗透工艺流程对有机污染物、含盐量等具有明显的去除效果。采用超滤-反渗透技术处理装置可以使聚驱采油废水达到回注标准，并且运行稳定、出水水质安全可靠。该工艺的研究为含聚采油污水配制聚合物回注原地层提供了科学依据和技术保障。关键词：含聚采油废水；超滤；反渗透；脱盐；膜污染哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文-II-AbstractWiththeshortageofwaterresourceandwaterpollution,waterhasbecomeaconstraintforoilindustrydevelopment.Thepolymer-bearingproducedwastewaterhasahighcontentofoilandpolymer,anditisdifficultforoil-waterseparator.Thetraditionwastewatertreatmenttechnologyhasbeenunabletomeetthequalityrequirementsofinjectionwater.Theresearchusesultrafiltration-reverseosmosistreatmentprocesstotreattheoilywastewater,andtheeffluentofthereverseosmosissystemisusedasinjectionwate.Asaresult,thewaterqualitycanmeettherequirementsofconfigurationofpolymer.Atthesametime,itrealizesthereuseofwaterresource,andalsoreducesenvironmentalpollution.Theultrafiltration-reverseosmosistechnologyhasbeenusedintheexperimentalstudyatGusiStationofGudaooilproductionplant.TheexperimentismadeupbyultrafiltrationmembraneandreverseosmosismembranewhicharemadeinChina.Firstlypolymer-bearingproducedwastewateristreatedbyUFandRO.Ultrafiltrationsystems’stoleranceforpolymerfloodingproducedwaterandthefeasibilityandUF-ROtechnologyaretestedthroughaseriesofexperiments.Intheexperiments,theremovalefficiencyofsuspendedsolids,oil,polymers,salinity,organicmatterandbacteriaintheultrafiltrationsystem,theeffectofdesalinationandtheremovalefficiencyofdifferentionsinthereverseosmosissystem,theeffectofpHandconductivityontheinfluentandeffluentofreverseosmosissystem,therelationshipbetweenthesalinityandpolymerviscosityintheeffluentandtherelationshipbetweeneffluentviscosityandtimecomparingwithYellowRiverwaterwhoserelationshipisbetweendilutedpolymerviscosityandtimeinthesameexperimentalconditions,arestudiedsystematically.Theresultshowsthatultrafiltrationcaneffectivelyreducethesuspendedsolidsintheproducedwastewaterandthecontentofoilmaterial.Thequalityandquantityofeffluentfullymeetstherequirementsofreverseosmosismembraneinfluent.Inreverseosmosiswatertreatmentprocess,itspHshouldbecontrolledbetween6.3～7.6.Andpre-treatmentsystemistheprotectionofthenormaloperation.Thetestofpolymerfloodingproducedwaterreusewithultrafiltration-reverse哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文-III-osmosistreatmenttechnologyprovesthatthisprocesshassignificantremovalefficiencyonorganicpollutantsandsalinity.Itcanmakepolymerfloodingproducedwatertoreachthereinjectionstandard,andrunstably.Theeffluentqualityisalsoreliable.Theresearchoftheprocessprovidesscientificbasisandtechnicalsupportfortheinjection,polymer-bearingproducedwastewater,intotheoriginalstratigraphyofpolymers.Keywords：polymer-bearingproducedwastewater,ultrafiltration,reverseosmosis,desalination,membranefouling哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文-IV-目录摘要....................................................................................................................IAbstract..................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..........................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景.............................................................................................11.1.1油田采油技术的发展...........................................................................11.1.2胜利油田采油废水的来源....................................................................21.1.3采油废水排放对环境的危害................................................................21.2胜利油田采油废水现状及存在的问题.......................................................31.2.1采油废水的处理途径...........................................................................31.2.2含聚采油废水的特点...........................................................................41.2.3采油废水处理技术...............................................................................51.2.4传统处理技术存在的问