定语从句(关系代词篇)

TheAttributiveClause定语从句1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词3.关系代词：引导定语从句的词关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that指代所做成分是否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省which物主语；宾语作宾语可省who人主语；宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省关系代词的用法1.who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2.Whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语),例如：Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3.which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which/that在句中作宾语）Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作宾语）1.指物时只用that或which的情况2.Whose用法3.指人时that与who的区别4.定语从句中的主谓一致问题5.关联词的省略常见考点考点一:that与which的区别只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况1)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything,thing等.2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。3）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。4）先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。5）先行词既有人又有物时。6）当句中已有who时，为避免重复。7）用作关系代词，修饰表示时间的名词，如day,time,moment等，代替when.考点二Whose用法1.whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。That’sthechildwhosefatherisateacher.Doyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor?Thisisabookwhosecoverisgreen.2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。Anyone_____breaksthelawispunished.Those_____breakthelawarepunished.He_____breaksthelawispunished.在anyone,those,he/she/I/they作先行词时,用”who”代替“that”.考点三:that与who的区别whowhowho考点四:定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficulty．2.Don‘tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．isam3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing考点五：关系词的省略1、关系代词做主语是不能省略。2、关系代词做宾语时可以省略。3、whose不能省略。判断下列关系词是否能省略1.Iknowthemanwhoisstandingthere.2.IhavereadthebookwhosenameisTime.3.Iwanttovisittheplacewhichhasalonghistory.4.ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.5.Themanwhoeveryonelikesiskind.6.Thewomanwhomwesawgotthejob.7.Theboywhomyouwanttotalktoisinthelab.8.Canyoulendmethebookwhichyoutalkedaboutlastnight.9.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.