硒对苦荞产量、营养与保健品质的影响

作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2008,34(7):1266−1272:[e-mail]基金项目:(CSTC,2007BB1457)作者简介:(1965−),,,,,Tel:[phone];E-mail:[e-mail](Correspondingauthor)Received()2007-11-07;Accepted(2008-02-01.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.01266硒对苦荞产量、营养与保健品质的影响田秀英1,2王正银1,*(1,400716;2,402168):,(0.5mgkg−1),1.0mgkg−1,1.42~2.32,2,0.6~6.2,1.90%~5.85%,3.7%~7.5%30.9%~59.6%,0.5mgkg−1,1.0mgkg−1,,4.4%~6.3%1.06%~19.20%NPKZnCaMn,0.5mgkg−1,,:;;;;;EffectofSeleniumApplicationonYieldandQualitiesforNutritionandHealthCareinTartaryBuckwheatTIANXiu-Ying1,2andWANGZheng-Yin1,*(1CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,SouthwestUniversity,Chongqing400716;2DepartmentofLifeScience,ChongqingUniversityofArtsandSciences,Chongqing402168,China)Abstract:Tartarybuckwheat(Fagopyrumtataricum)productsareregardedashealthfoodduetotheircomponentsofvitaminB1andE,mineralelements,flavonoids(mainlyrutin)andhighcontentofproteins.Thecompositionratiosofeightessentialaminoacidsintartarybuckwheatseedsissimilartothatineggs,andrutinisapprovedtobeeffectiveinprotectinghumansagainstchronicdiseases(e.g.cardiovasculardiseases),heartdiseases,andcancer.Selenium(Se)isanessentialtraceelementforhigheranimalsandhumanswithmanyphysiologicalfunctions.TostudytheeffectofSeapplicationongrowth,yieldandqualityoftar-tarybuckwheat,apotexperimentwascarriedoutin2005.ThecontentsoftotalSe,aminoacid,flavonoids,andrutinweredeter-minedbyatomicfluorescencespectrophotometer,automaticaminoacidanalyzer,AUV-VI8500spectrophotometerandHPLCrespectively.TheresultsshowedthatappropriateamountofSe(0.5mgkg−1soil)significantlypromotedtheplantheight,drymat-terweightofshoots,andthetotalweightoftheplant.Withtheapplicationof1.0mgSekg−1soil,theyield,spikes,andgrainnumberperplantwere1.42–2.32timesandabouttwotimesasmanyasthoseofuntreatedplants.Theseedsettingrateand100-grainweightwereincreasedby0.6%–6.2%and1.90%–5.85%respectively,andthecontentsofflavonoidsandrutininseedsimprovedby3.7%–7.5%and30.9%–59.6%,respectively.Themosteffectivetreatmentoccurredattherateof0.5mgSekg−1soil,whichmadetheyield,allqualitycharactersofseedsreachthepeak.ExcessiveSe(1.0mgkg−1)obviouslyinjuredtartarybuck-wheatplant,resultinginthedecreaseofyield,plantheightandbiomass.Exceptinthecasewherethetreatmentwas0.5mgSekg−1soil,thecontentsofN,P,K,Zn,Ca,Mn,crudeprotein,andfatwereincreasedwhenthesupplyofSewasincreased.ThestudyshowedthattheapplicationofSetosoilcouldsignificantlyincreaseSecontent,meanwhile,decreasestarchcontenttoadifferentextent.Itisthusfeasibletopromotethegrowth,yieldandqualitiesfornutritionandhealthcareinseedsoftartarybuck-wheatbyaddingappropriateSetosoil.Keywords:Selenium;Tartarybuckwheat;Yield;Nutritionquality;Flavoloids;Rutin7:1267,[1-3],70%,,26μgd−1,50μg40,[4],,,,[5-6][3][7][8][9],,[10],Vc[11],[12],[13],,,,[14][15-16](),,,,,1材料与方法1.1,pH7.5,17.63gkg−167.3mgkg−130.0mgkg−1150mgkg−10.24mgkg−10.016mgkg−1(Fagopyrumtataricum)1,20052mm(20cm×14cm),2.5kgNa2SeO3,0()0.51.01.52.0mgkg−15,Se0.0Se0.5Se1.0Se1.5Se2.010,(N)(P2O5)(K2O)10050100mgkg−1,,3,40%,30%25℃2d,8,25,80d,4,;6,2,3,,80℃15min,65℃,0.5mm1.23,,[17]50mg,6molL−1HCl110℃24h,L-8800[18][13],0.5g,7mL(HNO3HClO4=52),,100℃0.5h,180℃2h,,10mL10%HCl10min,50mL,P,K,CaMgFeZnMn,[19],,UV-VI8500;AmershanBiociences1.3DPS(dataprocessingsystem)MicrosoftExcel,Duncan’s2结果与分析2.1,,0.5mgkg−1,1.0mgkg−1,6.9%,1268341Table1EffectofSeapplicationongrowthoftartarybuckwheatSeapplicationrate(mgSekg−1soil)Plantheight(cm)Dryweightofshoot(gpot−1)Dryweightofroots(gpot−1)Totaldryweight(gpot−1)0.0(CK)72.4±2.2ab10.6±1.4b1.6±0.2a12.8±0.9b0.574.1±1.2a13.4±1.3a1.3±0.2b14.1±0.6a1.070.3±2.2b11.3±1.4b1.1±0.2b12.3±1.3b1.556.8±0.7c6.7±0.5c0.6±0.03c7.3±0.2c2.030.6±1.7d2.6±0.1d0.3±0.04d2.8±0.1d4±Datainthetablearemean±SDoffourreplicates.ValuesfollowedbyadifferentletteraresignificantlydifferentatP0.05.37.5%,1.1%;1.0mgkg−1,,2.22,0.5~1.0mgkg−1,,,0.5mgkg−1,91.6%73.3%,6.2,5.8%,132.0%,1001.0mgkg−1133.0%79.2%1.9%41.5%,,,2.0mgkg−12.32.3.1硒对苦荞籽粒淀粉、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量的影响3,0.5mgkg−19.1%7.6%8.0%,,0.5mgkg−1,1.00%~3.78%,0.76%~24.86%2.3.2硒对苦荞籽粒氨基酸含量的影响42Table2EffectofSeapplicationonyieldpropertyintartarybuckwheatseedsSeapplicationrate(mgSekg-1soil)No.ofspikesGrainsperplantSeed-settingrate(%)100-seedweight(g)Grainyield(gpot−1)0.0(CK)12c24c52.3b1.65b0.96c0.523b41b58.5a1.75a2.24a1.028a43a52.9b1.68ab1.36b1.515c20c50.3b1.52c0.83c2.09d8d48.7c1.41d0.31d4Datainthetablearemean±SDoffourreplicates.ValuesfollowedbyadifferentletteraresignificantlydifferentatP0.05.3Table3EffectofSeapplicationoncontentsofstarch,crudeproteinandcrudefatintartarybuckwheatseedsSeapplicationrate(mgSekg−1soil)Crudefat(%)Crudeprotein(%)Starch(%)0.0(CK)5.27b13.03c68.85a0.54.85c12.03d58.57c1.06.58a13.25c62.74b1.55.31b14.62b57.47c2.05.45b15.81a52.53d3Datainthetablearemean±SDofthreereplicates.ValuesfollowedbyadifferentletteraresignificantlydifferentatP0.05.7:12694Table4EffectofSeapplicationonaminoacidcontentsintartarybuckwheatseeds(%)SeapplicationrateAminoacid0mgkg−1(CK)0.5mgkg−11.0mgkg−11.5mgkg−12.0mgkg−1Thr0.59±0.02c0.58±0.03c0.62±0.05bc0.6