Hamlet-哈姆雷特-ppt

Author:WilliamShakespearePPTmakers:JohnSatoDaveyRenaMaxwellAclassictragedyWilliamShakespeare(26April1564–23April1616)wasaworldfamousEnglishpoet,playwrightandactor.Hewasfamousforseveralplays,suchas“AMidsummerNight’sDream”and“Hamlet”.TakingabrieflookatthecharactersHamlet–SonofthelateKingandnephewofthepresentkingClaudius–KingofDenmarkandHamlet'suncleGertrude–QueenofDenmarkandmothertoHamletPolonius–ChiefcounsellortothekingOphelia–DaughtertoPoloniusHoratio–TruefriendtoHamletLaertes–SontoPoloniusVoltimandandCornelius–CourtiersRosencrantzandGuildenstern–Courtiers,friendstoHamletOsric–aCourtierMarcellus–anOfficerBernardo–anOfficerFrancisco–aSoldierReynaldo–ServanttoPoloniusGhostofHamlet'sFatherFortinbras–PrinceofNorwayGravediggers–aSextonPlayerKing,PlayerQueen,Lucianusetc.–PlayersAPriestACaptaininFortinbras'armyEnglishAmbassadorsMessengers,Sailors,Lords,Ladies,Guards,Danes(supportersofLaertes)p.s.AlltheinformationshowedabovearefromWikipedia.Hamletisateenager.Afterall,hesureactslikeone.He'samoodyandsmart-aleckykidwithsuicidaltendencies,apenchantforwearingblackmourningclothes,andahabitofdeliveringlong,drawn-outspeechesonthefutilityoflife.ButinAct5,Scene1,thegravediggerprettymuchtellsushe'sthirty.Thirty?!Well,noteveryoneagreesonthispoint—andShmoopjustcan'tseemtopicturehimasanadult.He'sjusttoodarndramatic.Inhisfirstsoliloquy,hetellsushewisheshistoo,toosulliedfleshwouldmelt/Thaw,andresolveitselfintodewandthattheworldseemsweary,stale,flat,likeanunweededgarden(1.2.133-134;137;139).Prettyintensestuff,right?Andhe'sgotsomeprettyintenseproblems:itturnsouthisfather,OldKingHamlet,diedlessthantwomonthsago,soHamlet'sfeelingtheloss.Tomakemattersworse,hismother,Gertrude,hasalreadyremarriedandisnowthewifeofHamlet'suncle,Claudius,who'salsohelpedhimselftotheDanishcrown.(DidwementionthatHamlet'snewstepdadalsocallshimawimpforbeingsadabouthisfather'sdeath?)HamletEspeciallyifhegotitthroughsibling-cideandquasi-incest.That'sourmanClaudius,thecurrentkingofDenmark.He'smarriedtohisdeadbrother'swifeGertrude,whichmakeshimHamlet'suncleandstepfather.Makethatevilstepfather:Claudiusmurderedthepreviousking,Hamlet'sfather.Isitjustus,ordiditjustgetreallycoldinhere?Claudiusissoevilthathe'spracticallyacartoonvillain.Andwehavetoask:whatsortofmanwouldmurderhisbrother,basicallyusurpthethrone,andthenplottohavehisnephewkilled?There'sareasonClaudiusissogoodatkingcraft:heseemstobeaprettydiligentstudentofoneNiccolòMachivelli,whosePrince(1532)wasbasicallyaself-helpguideforrulerslookingtogetandmaintainpower.AccordingtoMachiavelli'stheory,beingasuccessfulrulerhasnothingtodowithbeinganicepersonordoingtherightthing.Instead,it'saboutbeinginventive,charismatic,willful,andmanipulative.Controversial,sure—butalsosuperpopularinShakespeare'sday.ClaudiusGertrude.We'vegotalotofquestionsaboutthislady.She'sobviouslyacentralfigureintheplay—HamletspendsawholelotoftimedwellingonherincestuousmarriagetoClaudius—butweknowpracticallynothingabouthermotivati​​onsorfeelingsWasshehavinganaffairwithClaudiusbeforethedeathofOldHamlet?DoesGertrudeknowthatClaudiuskilledherformerhusband?Whydoesshedrinkthepoisonedwineherhusbandhaspreparedforherson?Doessheknowit'spoisoned?Or,isshejustreallythirsty?Hamletisunhealthilyobsessedwithhismother'ssexlife(whichraisesthequestion:isthereanyhealthywayforasontobeobsessedwithhismom'ssexlife?).Earlyonintheplay,welearnthatGertrude'so'erhastyandincestuousmarriagetoClaudiushasshakenupHamlet'sworld,leavinghimwithasensethattheworldiscontaminated,likeanunweededgardenthat'srankandgrossinnature.Infact,hemightevenbemoredisturbedbyGertrude'ssexualitythanthenewsofhisfather'smurder.GertrudeYourparentsonlywishtheyhadadaughterlikeOphelia.WhenherfatherordershertoquitseeingHamlet,sheagrees—IshallobeymyLord.Later,whenPoloniususesherasbaittospyonHamletforKingClaudius,shedoesexactlywhatshe'stold.Aslongasshe'sunmarried,shelivesbyherfather'srules.(Ofcourse,ifsheweretomarry,she'dthenhavetolivebyherhusband'srules.)Essentially,Opheliahasnocontroloverherbody,herrelationships,orherchoices.We'dsayshecouldhaveusedtheservicesofImperialMatch.com,exceptthatherdadisbasicallypresidentandCEOofamatchmakingserviceforone:hermarriageistotallyinhiscontrol.Andeventually,Opheliasnaps—justlikealotofpeoplewhospendtheirlivesobeyingotherpeoplewithoutanysenseofpersonalagency.OpeliaAct1TheprotagonistofHamletisPrinceHamletofDenmark,sonoftherecentlydeceasedKingHamlet,andnephewofKingClaudius,hisfather'sbrotherandsuccessor.ClaudiushastilymarriedKingHamlet'swidow,Gertrude,Hamlet'smother,andtookthethroneforhimself.Denmarkhasalong-standingfeudwithneighboringNorway,whichculminatedwhenKingHamletslewKingFortinbrasofNorwayinabattleyearsago.AlthoughDenmarkdefeatedNorway,andtheNorwegianthronefelltoKingFortinbras'sinfirmbrother,DenmarkfearsthataninvasionledbythedeadNorwegianking'sson,PrinceFortinbras,isimminent.OnacoldnightontherampartsofElsinore,theDanishroyalcastle,thesentriesBernardoandMarcellusandHamlet'sfriendHoritioencounteraghostthatlookslikethelateKingHamlet.TheyvowtotellPrinceHamletwhattheyhavewitnessed.AstheCou