高中英语介词讲义

1高中英语语法——介词一.常见高频介词的用法：1.against(1.)表示方位：“逆；靠着，倚靠；碰着，撞击”Birdsflyslowly__________thewind.Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisback_____________abigtree.Heoftenstands___________thefenceandtalksendlesslywithmyfatheraboutgardening.Thegirlwasleaning___________thewallwithherarmsfolded.(2.)表示态度：“反对；对着；违背”Theygotmarried____________herparents’wishes.Scientistsareracing_____________timeinordertofindacureforcancerassoonaspossible.Theinventionofartificalheartsmarkedaturningpointinthebattle___________heartdisease.Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare____________it.(3.)表示对比：“以……为背景；衬托，相应”：Theskier’sredclothesstoodoutclearly__________thesnow.Beforeselectingthecurtainforyournewly-decoratedhouse,it’smoreimportanttoknowwhatcolorslookgreat___________thewallpaper.Flowerslookbetter___________greenleaves.(4.)“防备；对抗”：Wewillbecompeting__________thebestcompaniesinEurope.Someanimalsstorefood___________thewinter.Theydon’tbelieveitsgoalistodefend____________possiblemissileattacksfromroguecountries.2.as(1.)“作为；当作”Ifeelthatoneofmyduties__________ateacheristohelpthestudentstobecomebetterlearners.NewYorkCity,alsoknown___________BigApple,becomesoneoftheworld’sgreatbusinessandculturalcenters.__________aneight­year­oldboy,Ispentmostofthatafternoonsittingintheshadewhiletheysweatedinthesunshine.(2.)习惯用语：asfor;asto至于；关于_________forme,Idon’tmindgoingtherebytrain._________fortheselectionofbusinessmedia,wouldyouliketosharesomethoughtswithus?3.at(1.)表示“处于...状态”Europewas_________peaceforthefirsttimeintenyearsafterthewars.Afteraratherhardtime,peoplecould2live________atlast.(注意：inpeace“平静地、安静地”=peacefully;atpeace处于和平状态)Thetwocountriesare_________war.(2.)表示“在...时刻、钟点、岁”Childrenbeginschooling___________theageoffive.Thetwobrothersdecidedtoleave_________midnight,fortheyhadmanymilestocover.Theadvertisementsaidthatasuitablehouseinaquietareawasupforsale___________areasonableprice(3.)表示速度、价格、比率:“以...”Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowing_________asurprisingrate.Garymusthavedriven_________thespeedof80milesanhourjustnow,forwhichhewasgivenaticketbyapoliceman.(4.)表示目标、方向:“对、向、朝”，这类动词有：laugh,come,aim,pointHeaimed_______thetarget.Istared__________everythingasifIwerelookingforthefirsttime.Myunclesimmediatelyjumpedupandshottheirarrows________thebird.(5.)表示“应...请求、号召、邀请”WecametoBeijing_________theinvitationofmygoodfriendwhohasbeenwoekinghereforthreeyears.(6.)习惯用语：“at+名词短语”：表示“一...就...”atthesightof...一看见...就...atthesoundof...一听到...就...atthethought/ideaof...一想起...就...atthenewsof...一得到...的消息,就...Thegirlcried_________thesightofhermother.Theterribleking’swishwasthatallthepeoplewouldshakeinfear_________thesoundofhisorder.Peopleinlovewitheachothermayfeelemptyandsick___________thethoughtofnotbeingtogether.4.beyond(1.)表示程度:“超出，非……所能及”Tobeacknowledgedasthefirsttoreceivethishonoris_____________expressioninwordsforme.YoureallyneedtopayavisittoShanghaisinceyouhaven’tbeenthereforyears,andyouwillfindchangesthereare_____________imagination.Wemustreadnotonlybetweenthelines,butsometimes__________thelinessothatwecanfullyunderstandthewriter.(2.)表示时间:“过了，比...晚，迟于……”Hedelayedthematter________thefixedtime.Hecamehome__________theusualtime.(3.)表示位置：“在……另一边，在……更远处”Thewoodsgoforabouttwomiles___________theriver.这片森林伸展到河那边大约两英里。Thesmallvilliageis20miles_________thetown.那个小村庄在离城20英里以外的地方。35.by(1.)表示方法、手段：“靠、用、通过”Youcanreservetickets__________phone.你可以通过电话订票。Hemakesaliving_________sellingnewspapers.Thiskindofworkisdone_______hand/machine.这种工作是手工/机器做的。——Whatdoyoumean__________saying“theboyisovergrowing?”——Imeanthatheistall_______hisage.(2.)表示标准、度量、数量:根据,按照,以……计算,常用结构“by＋the＋计量名词或by＋un.(weight/length/width/depth/volume)”Parcelpostischarged_________weightandmileage,withoutreferencetocontents.包裹邮递按重量和路程收费,不管所装何物。Meatissold________thepound.Theyarepaid_________thehour.(3.)“经过、经由”Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,you’dbetterleave___________thebackdoor.Hewalkedright_________mewithoutevensayinghello.他径直从我身边走过，甚至连招呼都不打。(4.)表示时间：“在...之前，不迟于”Itwillbedark_________thetimeIgetthere.Thedocumentsneedtobeready_________nextFriday.Workerswillhavefinishedtheconstructionofthemainteachingbuildings_________theendofthismonth.(5.)表示方位:“在...旁边，靠近”（同beside）He’swandering,standing__________thewindowasifsomethingurgentoccurred.Thelittlegirlissotimidthatshealwayssit__________hermotherwherevertheygo.6.for(1.)表示目的、对象、感情、能力：“为了、替、给、对、对于”——Ijustknowtherearesomenewfilmsforchildrenthesedays.——Whydon’tyoutelephonethecinema__________moredetails?Wouldyoumindnotpickingtheflowersinthegarden?Theyare___________everyone’senjoyment.You’dbetterleaveanote__________yourparents.Hereisaletter________you.Shehasanear_________music.(2.)表示原因：“因为、由于”Hewasprraised__________hisgooddeeds.Chinaisfamous_______theGreatWallandalso__________oneofthelargestcountrieswiththelargestpopulationintheworld.(3.)表示方向、倾向、能力：“向、往”4Thetrainisheading__________Beijing.Wewentout__________lunch.Theyoungmanagerhungered__________knowledgeofmanagement.(4.)表示买卖、交换：“以...的代价，以...的价钱”Heagreedtogiveher300dollars_________thepicture.Iboughtadictionary__________5