2014年10月自考《英语一》讲义 Unit 03_(含课文、生词表、课后练习及答案)

Unit3GreenTransportationAFAMOUSQUOTETheearthprovidesenoughtosatisfyeveryman'sneed,butnoteveryman'sgreed.——MohandasGandhi地球可以满足人类的需求，但无法填平人类的欲壑。——莫汉达斯·甘地MohandasGandhi（1869-1948）,preeminentleaderoftheIndiannationalistmovementagainstBritishrule,alsoaworldwideiconofnonviolentpoliticalresistance.圣雄甘地（1869–1948）是印度民族主义运动的杰出领导者，他带领国家反抗英国的殖民统治。他也是全世界范围的“非暴力”政治抵抗运动的偶像。SpeakingActivityMakinganApologySampleDialogueReadthefollowingconversation.Payattentiontohowthespeakersapologizeandacceptanapology.Becky:Curt.Curt:Oh,hi.Becky:CanItalktoyouforaminute?Curt:I'mreallybusyrightnow.Becky:Justaminute.Ipromiseitwon'ttakelong.Curt:Okay.Let'stalkoverhere.Becky:Curt,I'mreallysorryItoldJoycethatyouhadacrushonher.WeweretalkinglastFridayanditjustslippedout.Curt:ButItoldyouaboutJoyceinconfidence.Becky:Iknow.It'stotallymyfault.Ireallyregretsayinganything.IwishIcouldtakeitback.IjustwantyoutoknowI'mreallysorryandIhopeyou'llacceptmyapology.Curt:What'sdoneisdone.IwasreallyannoyedwhenIfoundoutthismorning,butI'vegotoveritnow.GuidedPracticeDirections:Workwithyourpartnerandmakeupasituationinwhichyouapologizetohimorher.Youmayusethefollowingphrasestohelpyou.Imustapologizefor…Pleaseforgivemeformy…I'mterriblysorryfor…It'sallmyfault.Nevermind.Forgetit.TextANewWords1、manifeston.awrittenstatementinwhichagroupofpeople,especiallyapoliticalparty,explaintheirbeliefsandsaywhattheywilldoiftheywinanelection宣言2、privilegen.aspecialrightoradvantagethataparticularpersonorgroupofpeople特殊利益；优惠待遇3、hauntn.aplacethatsomebodyvisitsoftenorwheretheyspendalotoftime常去的场所4、symbolizev.tobeasymbolofsomething象征；是……的象征；代表5、independencen.thefreedomtoorganizeyourownlife,makeyourowndecisions,etc.withoutneedinghelpfromotherpeople自主；自立6、peern.apersonwhoisthesameageorwhohasthesamesocialstatusasyou身份（或地位不相同的人；同龄人；同辈7、assistancen.helporsupport帮助；援助；支持8、beckonn.toappearveryattractivetosomebody吸引；诱惑9、transportationn.asystemforcarryingpeopleorgoodsfromoneplacetoanotherusingvehicles,road,etc.交通运输系统10、availableadj.（ofthings）thatyoucanget,buyorfind可获得的；可购得的；可找到的11、propagandan.ideasorstatementsthatmaybefalseorexaggeratedandthatareusedinordertogainsupportforapoliticalleader,party,etc.宣传；鼓吹12、transitionn.theprocessoraperiodofchangingfromonestateorconditiontoanother过渡；转变13、vehiclen.athingthatisusedfortransportingpeopleorgoodsfromoneplacetoanother,suchasacarorlorry/truck交通工具；车辆14、commuten.thejourneytoandfromworkeveryday上下班路程15、awareadj.knowingorrealizingsomething知道；意识到；明白16、negativeadj.badorharmful坏的；有害的17、impactn.thepowerfuleffectthatsomethinghasonsomebody/something巨大影响；强大作用18、sprawln.anactofspreadingtocoveralargeareainanuntidyway;somethingthatspreadslikethis随意扩展蔓延；蔓延物19、fatalityn.adeaththatiscausedinanaccidentorawar,orbyviolenceordisease（事故、战争、疾病等中的）死亡20、subjectv.tomakesomebody/somethingexperience,sufferorbeaffectedbysomething,usuallysomethingunpleasant使经受；使遭受21、rarelyadv.notveryoften罕有；很少；不常22、coupen.acarwithtwodoorsandusuallyaslopingback（通常斜背的）双门小汽车23、primaryadj.main;mostimportant;basic主要的；最重要的；基本的24、slipperyadj.difficulttoholdortostandormoveon,becauseitissmooth,wetorpolished滑的；滑得抓不住（或站不稳、难以行走）的25、practicaladj.（ofthings）usefulorsuitable有用的；适用的26、sensibleadj.（ofclothes,etc.）usefulratherthanfashionable（服装等）朴素而实用的27、occasionaladj.happeningordonesometimesbutnotoften偶尔的；偶然的28、inconveniencen.apersonorthingthatcausesproblemsordifficulties带来不便者；麻烦的人（或事物）29、eavesdropv.tolistensecretlytowhatotherpeoplearesaying偷听，窃听（其他人说话）30、gossipn.apersonwhoenjoystalkingaboutotherpeople'sprivatelives喜欢传播流言蜚语的人；爱说长道短的人31、gigglev.tolaughinasillywaybecauseyouareamused,embarrassedornervous咯咯地笑；傻笑32、toddlern.achildwhohasonlyrecentlylearnttowalk学步的儿童；刚学会走路的孩子33、napn.ashortsleep,especiallyduringtheday（日间的）小睡，打盹34、camaraderien.afeelingoffriendshipandtrustamongpeoplewhoworkorspendalotoftimetogether同事情谊；友情35、vibrantadj.fulloflifeandenergy充满生气的；生机勃勃的36、majestyn.theimpressiveandattractivequalitythatsomethinghas雄伟壮观；庄严；威严37、sacredadj.veryimportantandtreatedwithgreatrespect受尊重的；受崇敬的38、resourcen.asupplyofsomethingthatacountry,anorganizationorapersonhasandcanuse,especiallytoincreasetheirwealth资源PhrasesandExpressions1、ondemanddoneorhappeningwheneversomebodyasks一经要求2、exceptforusedbeforeyoumentiontheonlythingorpersonaboutwhichastatementisnottrue（用于所言不包括的人或事物前）除…之外3、leave…behindtoleaveaperson,placeorstatepermanently永久离开（某人、某地或某国）4、subject…to…tomakesomebody/somethingexperience,sufferorbeaffectedby,something,usuallysomethingunpleasant使经受；使遭受5、believeintothinkthatsomethingisgood,rightoracceptable认为某事好（或对、可接受）ProperNamesPikePlaceMarket派克市场（位于美国西雅图）SeattleCenter西雅图中心PugetSound普吉特海湾（位于美国华盛顿州）MountRainier雷尼尔山（美国华盛顿州西部喀斯喀特山脉的一座火山）TextAPre-readingQuestions1.Whichmeansoftransportdoyoupreferindailylife?2.Whatarethegreenestwaystotravel?BusChick'sManifestoWhenIwasinthethirdgrade,IstartedridingtheMetrobusalone.Atfirst,Iwasonlyallowedtoridetoschool,buteventuallymyparentsextendedtheprivilegetoincludemyfavoritechildhoodhaunts:①Grandma'sapartment,PikePlaceMarketand,inthesummer,SeattleCenter.Backthen,thebussymbolizedindependence.Itgavemeapowerrareamon