社会保障兜底一批

“十三五”时期的社会救助与兜底脱贫蒋玮JiangWei民政部社会救助司SocialAssistanceandPovertyAlleviationUndertheSecurityofBasicLifeNeedsDuringthePeriodofthe“13thFive-yearPlan”DepartmentofSocialAssistanceUndertheMinistryofCivilAffairsSep29,2016一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系•（一）社会救助的概念•社会救助是国家对依靠自身能力无法维持基本生活的公民给予的物质帮助和精神扶助，是我国社会保障的重要组成部分，发挥着托底保障的作用，对于促进社会公平正义、维护社会和谐稳定具有重要意义。I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy•（I）Conceptofsocialassistance•Socialassistancereferstomaterialandspiritualsupportsgrantedbythestatetoitscitizensunabletomaintaintheirbasicliferelyingonthemselves,anditisanimportantpartofsocialsecurityinChinaplayingtheroleofsecuringthebasiclifeneedsofpeople,thusofimportantsignificanceinpromotingsocialequalityandjusticeandmaintainingsocialharmonyandstability.一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系•（二）关于脱贫攻坚战略•脱贫攻坚的总体目标：围绕全面建成小康社会，通过扶贫开发，做到“两不愁三保障”、“一高于一接近”和“两个确保”。I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy•（II）Aboutpovertyalleviationstrategy•Overallobjectiveofpovertyalleviation:achievesuchobjectivesas“twocarefreenessesandthreesecurities”,“onehigherandoneapproximation”and“twoensurances”throughpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentsurroundingthefinalobjectiveofestablishingawell-offsocietyinanall-aroundway.一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系•（二）关于脱贫攻坚战略•“两不愁三保障”：•不愁吃、不愁穿；•保障义务教育、保障基本医疗、保障住房安全。I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy•（II）Aboutpovertyalleviationstrategy•“Twocarefreenessesandthreesecurities”：•Becarefreeoffoodandcloth；•Securecompulsoryeducation,basicmedicalcareandhousingsafety.一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系•（二）关于脱贫攻坚战略•“两个确保”：•确保贫困人口实现脱贫；•确保贫困县全部摘帽。I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy•（II）Aboutpovertyalleviationstrategy•“Twoensurances”：•Ensurethatpoorpeoplecanthrowoffpoverty；•Ensurethatallthepoverty-strickencountiescangetoutofpoverty.一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系•（二）关于脱贫攻坚战略•“一高于一接近”:•贫困地区农民人均可支配收入增长幅度高于全国平均水平；•基本公共服务主要领域指标接近全国平均水平。I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy•（II）Aboutpovertyalleviationstrategy“Onehigherandoneapproximation”:•Theamplificationofpercapitadisposableincomeoffarmersinpoverty-strickenareasishigherthannationalaveragelevel•Theindexesinmainbasicpublicservicefieldsapproximatetonationalaveragelevel.一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系•（二）关于脱贫攻坚战略•基本方略：做到“六个精准”实施“五个一批”。•“社会保障兜底一批”：针对丧失劳动能力的贫困人口通过社会保障实施政策性兜底扶贫。I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy•（II）Aboutpovertyalleviationstrategy•Basicstrategy:achieve“sixprecisions”andimplement“five‘onebatch’”.•Ensurethebasiclifeneedsofabatchofpoorpeoplethroughsocialsecurity”:implementpolicypovertyalleviationbasedonthesecurityofbasiclifeneedsthroughsocialsecurityforpoorpeoplephysicallyunabletowork.一、社会救助与脱贫攻坚战略的关系•（三）社会救助在脱贫攻坚战中发挥基础性作用１.社会救助是“大扶贫”工作的重要组成部分，是我国应对贫困问题的重要政策工具。Socialassistanceisanimportantpartof“greatpovertyalleviation”work,andalsoanimportantpolicytooladoptedbyChinatocopewiththeproblemofpoverty.２.在贫困对象中，总有一部分家庭因为自身或社会原因无法通过产业扶持获得收入，只能依靠政府现金补助或物质帮助等方式维持生活。这是脱贫攻坚的底线，也是社会救助在脱贫攻坚中的具体任务。２.Ofallthepovertyalleviationobjects,therearesurelyapartofhouseholdsunabletoacquireincomethroughindustrysupportforreasonsoftheirownorthesociety,andtheyhavenochoicebutrelyoncashormaterialsupportsfromthegovernmenttomaintaintheirlife,whichisthebottomlineforpovertyalleviationandalsothespecifictaskbornebysocialassistanceinpovertyalleviation.３.社会救助制度体系的完善以及相关救助政策的落实，其本身就是在参与脱贫攻坚、实施兜底脱贫。３.Theimprovementofsocialassistancesystemandtheimplementationofrelevantassistancepoliciesactuallyrepresenttheparticipationinpovertyalleviationandtheimplementationofpovertyalleviationbasedonthesecurityofbasiclivingneeds.I.Relationshipbetweensocialassistanceandpovertyalleviationstrategy•（III）Fundamentalroleofsocialassistanceinthebattleofpovertyalleviation二、“十三五”时期社会救助在脱贫攻坚战略中的作用发挥II.TheRoleofSocialAssistanceinPovertyAlleviationStrategyDuringthePeriodofthe“13thFive-yearPlan”二、“十三五”时期社会救助在脱贫攻坚战略中的作用发挥•（一）“十二五”时期社会救助事业的发展，为其在脱贫攻坚战略中实施兜底脱贫奠定了重要基础。•1.“十二五”时期社会救助制度体系不断健全。II.TheRoleofSocialAssistanceinPovertyAlleviationStrategyDuringthePeriodofthe“13thFive-yearPlan”•（I）Thedevelopmentofsocialassistancecourseduringtheperiodofthe“12thFive-yearPlan”laidanimportantbasisforitsroleofpovertyalienationbasedonthesecurityofbasiclivingneedsinpovertyalienationstrategy.•1.Socialassistancesystemacquiredcontinuousimprovementduringtheperiodofthe“12thFive-yearPlan”.2012年9月September20122014年2月February20142014年10月October20142015年4月April2015《国务院关于进一步加强和改进最低生活保障制度的意见》《社会救助暂行办法》《国务院关于全面建立临时救助制度的通知》《国务院办公厅转发民政部等部门关于进一步完善医疗救助制度全面开展重特大疾病医疗救助工作意见的通知》2016年2月Feb.2016《国务院关于进一步健全特困人员救助供养制度的意见》OpinionsoftheStateCouncilonFurtherStrengtheningandImprovingtheSystemofSubsistenceAllowancesTemporaryMeasuresforSocialAssistanceNoticeoftheStateCouncilonComprehensivelyEstablishingTemporaryAssistanceSystemNoticeofOpinionsTransmittedbytheStateCounciltotheMinistryofCivilAffairsandOtherRelevantMinistriesonFurtherStrengtheningMedicalAssistanceSystemandComprehensivelyImplementingMedicalAssistanceWorkAgainstSeriousDiseasesOpinionsofthe