蝇王lord-of-the-flies

LordoftheFliesByWilliamGoldingWilliamGolding(1911-1993)•Fullname:WilliamGeraldGolding•Graduation：OxfordCollege•Achievement:NobelPrizeforLiteraturein1983;ranking3rdonthelistofthe50greatestBritishwriterssince1945byTheTimes•knightedbyQueenElizabethIIin1988•AproductivewriterWORKTIMEWORKTIMEPoems1934DarknessVisible1979LordoftheFlies1954AMovingTarget(essays)1982TheInheritors1955ThePaperMen1984PincherMartin1956AnEgyptianJournal1985TheBrassButterfly(play)1958TotheEndsoftheEarth(trilogy)1980-1989FreeFall19591.RitesofPassage1980TheSpire19642.CloseQuarters1987TheHotGates(essays)19653.FireDownBelow1989ThePyramid1967TheDoubleTongue(posthumous)1995TheScorpionGod1971LifeExperiences:•WasbornonSep19th,1911inCornwall,onthesouth-westerntipofEngland;•Hisfather,AlecGolding,wasadistinguishedschoolmaster;•Wasespeciallyinterestedinliteraturefromhisyoungage;•At7,begantowriteaplayrevisedfromastoryinoldEgypt;•From12,begantocompileabookaboutthehistoryoftheBritishChamberofCommerce（英国商会）,whichwaspreparedtoconsistof12volumes;•Becameaveryfamousnovelistinmiddleages;•Waseducatedatafamousboys’school,MarlboroughGrammarSchool,wherehisfatherwasaseniormaster（校长）;•Wasexpectedtobeascientistbyhisparents;however,hehadaverydifferentplanforhisownfuture；•Aftergraduation,followedhisfamilytraditionandworkedasanEnglishandphilosophyteacheratBishopWordsworth’sSchoolinSalisbury,whichwasajobhedidnotlikeatall；•Quitthisjob5yearslaterin1940；•JoinedtheRoyalNavyincommandofarocketshipintheWWII；•Hiswartimeexperiencesplayedalargepartinhelpinghimtoformhisviewoflifeandalsomadehimwitnesseverythingabouttheferocityofthewar.•Hisnovelsarepermeatedwiththesenseofman’ssinandguilt•“Anyonewhomovedthroughthoseyearswithoutunderstandingthatmanproducesevilasabeeproduceshoney,musthavebeenblindorwronginthehead.”•“Thebasicpointmygenerationdiscoveredaboutmanwasthattherewasmoreevilinhimthancouldbeaccountedforsimplybysocialpressure.”•Whenthewarwasover,hereturnedtohisformerpostasateacheratBishopWordsworthSchoolin1945.•Althoughhehadwrittenafewbooksatthattime,hewasunsuccessfulexceptforafewminorreviewsandmagazinearticles.•However,atthesametimehedidproduce3manuscriptnovels.•In1954,hepublishedhisfirstnovelLordoftheFliesafterhavingbeenturneddownby21publishers.•Thebookbecameanimmediatesuccessinthewesterncountries,throughwhichGoldingachievedinternationalfameandwidecriticalacceptance.•Thisnovelisuniversallyconsideredhismasterpiece.•ThisfamousnovelderivesfromDefoe’sRobinsonCrusoeandR.M.Ballantyne’sTheCoralIsland(1857).•Inthisbook,aswellasinhismanyotherbooks,hispurposeistoexploreintothedarkestplaceofhumanheartandmakepeoplerealizethetruthofman.•Goldingisaverygenuinelyseriouswriterbecauseheheldaverystrongpessimisticviewtowardshumannature.•Hethinksthatmoderncivilization,theinstitutionsandorderarefragileandtemporary,andthatman’sirrationalityandinnateevilarestrongandenduring1983NobelLaureate（得奖者）inLiterature•forhisnovelswhich,withtheperspicuity(清晰，简明）ofrealisticnarrativeartandthediversityanduniversalityofmyth,illuminatethehumanconditionintheworldoftoday.LordoftheFliesThetitleNamesakeofthenovel,theLordoftheFliesisliterallyapig'sheadthathadbeencutoffbyJack,putonasticksharpenedatbothends,stuckintheground,andofferedtothebeast.Inaddition,thenameLordoftheFliesistheliteralEnglishtranslationofBeelzebub,ademonicfigurethatisoftenconsideredsynonymouswithSatan.TheLordoftheFliesisaphysicalmanifestationoftheanimalisticnaturethatisintheboysandthepig.ThestoryinbriefSetonanunnamedtropicalisland,LordoftheFliesseesthesurvivorsofaplanecrash–allofwhicharechildrenundertheageofthirteen–creatingamakeshiftsocietyforthemselvesastheyawaitrescue.Initially,asemblanceoforderisestablishedbyRalph,oneoftheolderboys,andhiscerebralcohort,Piggy.Theyfindaconchshelland-atPiggy’ssuggestion-theyrealisethatblowinginitcreatesacommandingnoisethatsummonstherestoftheboys,whogoontoelectRalphasleader.However,Jack,theheadofthechoir,isjealousoftherole,andconsistentlyunderminesRalph.Beforelong,theinfantislanderssplitintotwofactions:thosewhowanttoconcentrateonkeepingthefirealight,toensurethatsmokeattractsanypassingships,andthosethatareinspiredbythemorebloodthirstypursuitsofhuntingandkillingforfood.Ralph’srationalanddemocraticapproacheventuallygiveswaytoJack’ssavagedictatorship.Anarchyanddeathfollowshortlyafterwards.Plots1.Aplanecrashed,agroupofboyscametoanisolatedisland2.Ralphwasselectedtobealeaderand“piggy”foundaconchwhichRalphusesasahorn3.TheycreatedthefireforrescuewithPiggy'sglasses,and,foratime,theboysworktogetherforbuildinghouseandlookingforfood•4.Jackorganizeda“hunters”groupwhichhuntedformeatandleftthefire•5.Thesignalfirewentout,theymissedapotentialrescue,RalphcriticizedJack•6.Theybrokeintotwogroup.Ralph‘sgroupfocusedonpreservingthesignalfirewhileJackbecomesthechiefofhisowntribe,whichfocusedonhuntingandhadthestrongbeliefinthebeast.•7.Jackandthehuntersslewtheirfirstpig,theyofferpromisesofmeat,fun,andprotectionfromthebeast.Jack'stribegraduallybecomesmoreanimalistic,applyingface-painttoliberatetheirinnersavageswhiletheyhunt.Atthesametime,someboysfromRa