it的用法在作文中的应用

让it的用法融入写作Teachingaims:1.it作代词时的用法；2.it作形式主语和形式宾语；3.强调句型；4.it固定短语和常用句型;5.it的用法在写作中的应用。热身一下1.今天天气寒冷。2.今天是星期三。3.教室到操场有3分钟的步行路程。4.我有一本字典，它使我聪明。5我没有字典，你能借我一本吗？Itiscoldtoday.It’sWednesdaytoday.Itisathreeminutes’walkfromclassroomtotheplayground.Ihaveadictionary.Itmakesmesmart.Ihaveadictionary,whichmakesmesmart.Ihavenodictionaries.Canyoulendmeone?想一想，it作代词分别指代什么？1.it的基本用法（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。Thetrainhasarrived.Itarrivedhalfanhourago.（2）用以代替提示代词this,that。—What’sthis?—It’saknife.—Whosewatchisthat?—It’smine.（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。—Whoisknockingatthedoor?—It’sme.（4）指环境情况等。Itwasverynoisy(quiet)attheverymoment.（5）指时间、季节等。—Whattimeisit?—It’seighto’clock.（6）指距离。Itisalongwaytotheschool.2.it作形式主语1.TolearnEnglishwellisimportantforus.2.Playingcomputergamesalldaylongisawasteoftime.3.Thatwestudentsshouldbekindtoothersisnecessary.1.ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.3.Itisnecessarythatwestudentsshouldbekindtoothers.2.Itisawasteoftimeplayingcomputergamesalldaylong.TolearnEnglishwellPlayingcomputergamesalldaylongThatwestudentsshouldbekindtoothersItisnouse/nogood/awasteoftimedoingsth.Itisstrange/important/necessarythat…(should)do…翻译：据说他读过这篇小说Itwassaidthathehadreadthisnovel.Itis/wassaidthat+从句reportedbelievedthought=sb/sthis/wassaidtodo/havedone…•1.It+be+形容词+主语从句，如：ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.•2.It+be+名词词组+主语从句，这类名词有：afact,apity,ashame,anhonour，aquestion等，如：It’sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.Itremainsaquestionwhetherhewillcomeornot.•3.It+be+过去分词+主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等，如：Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.Itisnotdecidedwhowillgivetheoperationtothepatient.•4.It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen等)+主语从句,这类不及物动词有：appear,happen,seem等，如：Itseemedthathedidn’ttellthetruth.IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.•5.It+be+形容词+forsb.）+动词不定式这类句型常用形容词easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加forsb，如：It’snecessaryfortheyoungtomastertwoforeignlanguage.Itisunwisetogivethechildrenwhatevertheywant.这类形容词有：easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wise•6.It+be+形容词+ofsb.+动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind,nicestupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewiththework.=Youarekindtohelpme.Itseemedselfishofhimnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.=Heseemedselfishnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.•7.It+be+名词词组+动词不定式，如：Itisnotagoodhabittostayuptoolate.•8.It+be+名词或形容词+动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good,nogood,nouse,awasteof,useless,senseless等，如：It’sawasteoftimetalkingtoheranymore.Itisnousearguingaboutthematterwithhim.3.it作形式宾语(think,feel,make,find,believe,consider…)+it+adj./n./todo/doing/that…Canyoumakesentences?1.Wethinkitimportanttohelpothers.2.Wefounditimpossibletofinishtheworkinaday.3.Wethoughtitnogoodworkingwithoutarest.4.Hemadeitclearthatweshouldn’tbreaktheschoolrules.Eg:Payattention！4.强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分＋that/who+其他部分e.g:(1).Isawhimonthestreetlastnight.IItwasIthat/whosawhimonthestreetlastnight.himItwashimthat/whoIsawonthestreetlastnight.onthestreetItwasonthestreetthatIsawhimlastnight.lastnightItwaslastnightthatIsawhimonthestreet.被强调部分为主语时，“被强调部分”用主格；被强调部分为宾语时，“被强调部分”用宾格。(2).Ididn’trecognizehimuntilhetookoffhisdarkglasses.强调句型ItwasnotuntilhetookhisdarkglassesthatIrecognizedhim.倒装句NotuntildidhetakeoffhisdarkglassesthatIrecognizedhim.NotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesdidIrecognizehim.Payattention！倒装句一般在主句倒装5.it固定短语和常用句型1.Believeitornot.信不信由你。2.Don’tmentionit.不用谢。3.Makeit.办得到，做成功。4.Takeiteasy.别着急，慢慢来；别过于紧张。5.It’suptoyou.由你决定6.It/That(all)depends.那要看情况而定。7.Forgetit.算了吧，别在意，没关系。8.Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系9.Whenitcomesto…当谈到……；当涉及……10.That'sit.对了，正是。•Itis（high）time+(that)主语＋shoulddo/did+其它。（从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。）•Itisthefirst/second…time+that从句(必须使用完成时)(这是某人第……次做了某事)•Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多少时间Itishightime(that)weshouldgo/wenthomeItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthiscity.ItwasthesecondtimethatIhadseenher.Ittakesmeanhourtodomyhomework.例①Thefactthatshewasforeignmade______difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.(2010辽宁卷)A.soB.muchC.thatD.it［解析］考查it的用法。句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。此处要用it作形式宾语，其他词没有这种用法。D例②Thedoctorthought______wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.(2010全国卷Ⅱ)A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it［解析］考查it的用法。it的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语，it在这里代指后面的真正宾语tohaveaholiday。D例③—I'vereadanotherbookthisweek.—Well,maybe______isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.(2009浙江卷)A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it［解析］it引导的强调句型。还原为：Nothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadcounts.句意为：重要的不是你读了多少东西，而是你读了什么。D例④Itwas______hecamebackfromAfricathatyear______hemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.(2009江西卷)A.when;thenB.not;untilC.notuntil;thatD.only;why［解析］考查notuntil的强调句型。C例⑤Itisoften______thathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.(2009全国卷Ⅱ)A.saidB.tosayC.sayingD.beingsaid［解析］考查句型Itissaid+that从句……AWhen______comestocomputergames,mycousinalwaysgetsexcitedasifhewasanET.A.thatB.thisC.heD.it［解析］whenitcomestosth.是个固定句型，意思为“当谈到某事时”。D用法种类It用法和强调句型it1、代替前文提到过的事物或将会发生的事情。2、可代替指示代词this和that.3、指说话者心目中的人或指做某动作的人或与事物有关的人。4、指代除人以外的一切生物和事物。5、可表示时间、日期、天气、温度和距离等。1、作形式主语：代替由不定式、动名词和从句表