2012数控回转工作台毕业设计说明书

I摘要本次毕业设计的题目是数控回转工作台设计。通过对数控回转工作台的设计，使大学生在步入社会之前，不仅能够设计出数控回转工作台，而且能够掌握机械设计的方法和步骤。本课题研究的主要内容包括：确定数控回转工作台的传动方案；零件设计相关计算与校核；零件图及装配图的绘制等。对于数控回转工作台的设计，首先，进行总体方案设计，传动方案采用齿轮传动和蜗杆传动；然后进行各零件的设计与校核，蜗杆与轴采用整体式结构；蜗轮与工作台采用螺钉连接；工作台的平衡通过止推轴承来保证；箱体由箱座、箱盖和顶盖组成；最后，对各零件进行装配。数控机床的圆周进给由回转工作台完成，回转工作台可以与X、Y、Z三个坐标轴联动，从而加工出各种球、圆弧曲面等。回转工作台可以实现精确的自动分度，扩大了数控机床加工范围。目前，数控回转工作台主要用于卧式的镗铣床和加工中心上。关键词：数控回转工作台,齿轮,蜗杆,箱体IIAbstractThegraduationprojectisthesubjectofdesignofCNCrotaryworktable.WiththeNCrotarytabledesign,makingthestudentsnotonlytodesignaCNCrotaryworktable,butbeabletomasterthemechanicaldesignofthemethodsandproceduresbeforetheyenteredthecommunity.Themaincontentofthisresearchinclude:determiningthetransmissionschemeofCNCrotaryworktable;partdesignandverification;partdrawingandassemblydrawingdrawing,andsoon.thedesignofNCrotaryworktable,firstofall,istheoveralldesign,transmissionschemeusingageardriveandwormdrive;andthenproceedtothedesignandcheckingofallparts,wormandshaftwiththeoverallstructure;wormgearscrewconnectionwiththetable;theworkbenchbalancedbythethrustbearingtoensure;boxbyboxseat,coverandtopcover,ofwhichtheboxonthedesignoftheroundtableandstrengthenthetendons;finally,theassemblyofvariouspartsThecircumferencefeedoftheCNCmachinetooltobecompletedbytherotarytable,therotarytablecanbeusedwiththeX,Y,andZthreeaxeslinkage,therebyprocessingavarietyofballs,thecircularsurface,andsoon.Therotarytablecanachieveaccurateautomaticindexing,expandedCNCmachiningrange.Atpresent,theNCrotarytableismainlyusedforhorizontalboringandmillingmachineandmachiningcenter.Keywords:NCrotaryworktable,gear,worm,boxIII目录插图清单..............................................................V插表清单..............................................................V第一章前言..........................................................11.1本课题的学术背景及理论与实际意义..................................11.1.1研究现状.....................................................11.1.2发展趋势.....................................................21.1.3数控转台的市场分析...........................................31.2数控系统发展简史..................................................31.3数控未来发展的趋势................................................51.4微观看改造的必要性................................................51.5数控化改造的优缺点................................................61.6数控回转工作台的功能..............................................61.7数控回转工作台的分类..............................................71.8数控回转工作台的工作原理..........................................71.9数控回转工作台的组成..............................................81.10本课题研究的内容.................................................81.11设计准则.........................................................91.12主要设计参数.....................................................9第二章方案比较与选择...............................................102.1传动方案的选择...................................................102.1.1传动方案传动适应满足的要求..................................102.1.2传动方式特点................................................102.1.3传动方案及其分析............................................112.1.4传动方案的选择..............................................122.2原动机的选择.....................................................122.2.1步进电动机..................................................122.2.2伺服电机....................................................142.2.3电液脉冲马达................................................152.2.4原动机选择..................................................162.3回转台的选择.....................................................162.4机械部分的设计...................................................18第三章零件的设计分析计算...........................................19IV3.1工作台箱体设计...................................................193.2传动比的确定.....................................................213.3电液脉冲马达的选择及运动参数的计算...............................223.3.1电液脉冲马达电机的选择......................................223.3.2选择电液脉冲马达的额定功率..................................223.4齿轮传动的设计...................................................233.4.1选择齿轮传动的类型与材料....................................233.4.2按齿面接触疲劳强度设计......................................233.4.3按齿根弯曲强度设计..........................................253.4.4几何尺寸计算................................................273.4.5结构设计....................................................283.5蜗轮及蜗杆的选用与校核...........................................293.5.1选择蜗杆传动类型............................................293.5.2选择材料....................................................293.5.3按齿面接触疲劳强度进行设计..................................293.5.4蜗杆与蜗轮的主要尺寸与参数..................................313.5.5校核齿根弯曲疲劳强度........................................323.5.6精度等级公差和表面粗糙度的确定..............................333.6轴的设计与校核计算...............................................333.6.1求输出轴上的功率3P、转速3n和转矩3T..........................333.6.2求作用在齿轮上的力..........................................333.6.3初步确定轴的最小直径........................................333.6.4轴的结构设计................................................343.6.5按弯扭合成应力校核轴的强度..................................373.6.6结构设计....................................................373.7