高考专题盐类的水解知识点和经典习题

251.21HOH2()3===4NaClNH4ClNa2CO3CH3COONaAlCl31(1)(2)2(1)(2)c(H)c(OH)3()(1)Al33H2OAl(OH)33H(2)Fe(OH)3Fe33H2O=====Fe(OH)3()3H(3)Al33HCO3===Al(OH)33CO2(4)NH4CO23H2ONH3H2OHCO31.23411.HOH2()HOH()c(H)c(OH)3()()CH3COOHHCNCH3COONaNaCNCH3COOCNHOHNH4CO23HCO3S2Al3S2HCO3CO23AlO2Fe3CO23HCO3AlO2[Al33HCO3===Al(OH)33CO2]4(1)(2)5(1)(NH3H2OH2CO3)(2)Na2CO3CO23H2OHCO3OH(3)FeCl3Fe33H2OFe(OH)33H(4)===NaHCO3AlCl3Al33HCO3===Al(OH)33CO21Na2CO3CO23H2OHCO3OH()ABCO2CcHCO3cCO23DNaOHpH[]ACO2CO22OH===CO23H2OOHBcHCO3cCO23CNaOHOHpHD[]B10.1mol/LCH3COONaNH4NO3Na2SO3FeCl3()CH3COO()ABCDNH4NO3Na2SO3FeCl3CH3COOc(CH3COO)CH3COOc(CH3COO)A21.Na2CO3CO23NH4ClNH42FeCl3Fe3HClFe3FeSO4SnCl23NH4ClNH4H2ONH3H2OHc(NH4)c(Cl)c(NH4)Hc(H)c(OH)c(Cl)c(NH4)c(H)c(OH)4AlCl3Al(OH)3Al(OH)3Al2O35(K2CO3)NH4NO3K2CO36Al3Al33H2OAl(OH)33H7Na2CO3Na2CO32FeCl33H2OFe(OH)33HClH0(1)FeCl3H2SO4________________________________________________________________________(2)FeCl3________________________________________________________________________(3)FeCl3________________________________________________________________________(4)FeCl3________________________________________________________________________[]FeCl3Fe(OH)3H2SO4H2SO4(2)HClFe(OH)3Fe(OH)3Fe2O3(3)FeCl3FeCl3[](1)(2)Fe2O3(3)(4)2(1)Na2CO3()__________________________________()_____________________________________(2)________()___________________________________(1)CO23H2OHCO3OHc(OH)(2)BaCl2Ba2CO23===BaCO3()c(CO23)CO23c(OH)31.c(H)c(OH)H2Sc(H)c(HS)c(S2)c(OH)2(1)NH4Clc(Cl)c(NH4)c(H)c(OH)(2)NaHSO3NaH2PO4Na2HPO4NaHCO3c(Na)c(HCO3)c(OH)c(H)c(CO23)(3)c(NH4)c(NH4HSO4)c(NH4Cl)c(CH3COONH4)3(1)NaHCO3c(H)c(Na)c(HCO3)2c(CO23)c(OH)(2)0.1molL1NaHCO3c(Na)c(HCO3)c(CO23)c(H2CO3)0.1molL1NaHCO3c(H)c(CO23)c(OH)c(H2CO3)3(1)(2)3()A0.01molL1NH4HSO4NaOHc(Na)c(SO24)c(NH4)c(OH)c(H)B0.1molL1NaHCO3c(Na)c(OH)c(HCO3)c(H)CNa2CO3c(OH)c(H)c(HCO3)2c(H2CO3)D25pH4.750.1molL1CH3COOHCH3COONac(CH3COO)c(OH)c(CH3COOH)c(H)[]Ac(H)c(OH)c(Na)c(H)c(NH4)c(OH)2c(SO24)c(Na)c(NH4)2c(SO24)NH4c(NH4)c(SO24)c(Na)c(SO24)ABNaHCO3c(OH)c(HCO3)BCNa2CO3c(OH)c(H)c(HCO3)2c(H2CO3)c(OH)c(H)c(HCO3)2c(H2CO3)CDpH4.75c(H)c(OH)c(Na)c(H)c(CH3COO)c(OH)c(Na)c(CH3COO)2c(Na)c(CH3COO)c(CH3COOH)c(Na)c(CH3COOH)c(Na)c(H)c(CH3COO)c(OH)c(CH3COOH)c(H)c(CH3COO)c(OH)D[]AC3()Ac(Cl2)2[c(ClO)c(Cl)c(HClO)]Bc(Cl)c(H)c(OH)c(ClO)Cc(Na)c(CH3COO)DNa2CO3c(Na)c(CO23)c(OH)c(HCO3)c(H)Ac(Cl2)12[c(ClO)c(Cl)c(HClO)]c(H)c(Cl)ABCH3COOc(Na)c(CH3COO)CD1FeCl32(MgCl2AlCl3FeCl3CuCl2)AlCl3FeCl3(1)(AlCl3)2Al3Cl3=====2AlCl3(2)()(3)()E80(CuO)(Fe2O3FeO)CuCl2[pH9.6Fe2Fe(OH)2pH6.4Cu2Cu(OH)2pH3.7Fe3Fe(OH)3](1)Fe2pH9.6Fe2____________________________________NaClOFe2Fe3NaClOpH________()ABCDNaClO___________________________________________Fe2________()AHNO3BKMnO4CCl2DO2EH2O2(2)Fe3pH3.7pH3.7________()ANaOHBCCu2(OH)2CO3DNa2CO3ECuOFCu(OH)2[]Fe2pH9.6pH9.6Cu2Fe3Fe2(pHFe2pH)pH9.6Fe2Fe3NaClOFe22Fe2ClO2H===2Fe3ClH2OHpHNaClOFe2Fe3NaFe2Cl2O2H2O2pHCuOCu2(OH)2CO3Cu(OH)2[](1)Fe2pHFe2Cu2Fe3ANaCDE(2)CEF()AAlCl3NaAlO2BFeCl3FeCl3CKNO3Fe3DAlCl3NaAlO2AlCl33H2OAl(OH)33HClNaAlO22H2OAl(OH)3NaOHAl2O3NaAlO2ABFeCl3SO24Fe33H2OFe(OH)33HFe3CDCO2C1.(2010)()HClH2OH3OClAlCl33H2O===Al(OH)33HClNa2CO32H2OH2CO32NaOHHCO3H2OCO23H3ONH4ClD2ONH4D2ONH3D2OHABCDNH4D2ONH3HDODD2()A25pH9Na2CO3pH5FeCl3BFe3KNO3Fe3C25NaClNaClODNH4ClNH4HSO4Na2SNaNO3pHANa2CO3FeCl3pH9Na2CO3c(OH)105molL1pH5FeCl3c(H)105molL1BFe33H2OFe(OH)33HFe(OH)3Fe(OH)3Fe3CClOClOH2OHClOOHClOOHc(OH)c(H)1014c(OH)c(H)NaClONaClDNa2SNH4ClNaNO3NH4HSO4HSO4HpHBDpH(1)(2)pHH3PO4H3PO4NaH2PO4Na2HPO4Na3PO4340.1molL12CH3COONaHClCH3COONaNaOHCH3COONaNaClCH3COONaNaHCO3()ApHBc(CH3COO)Cc(H)Dc(CH3COOH)CH3COONaCH3COONaCH3COOH2OCH3COOHOHHClNaClNaHCO3NaOHCH3COONaHCl===NaClCH3COOHpHApHlgc(H)c(H)pHCCH3COOc(CH3COO)Bc(CH3COO)c(CH3COOH)c(CH3COOH)DB4()AAlO2Fe2NO3SO24NaBc(H)11014molL1Ba2KClHCO3CNH4SO24CO23NaDc(H)/c(OH)1012NH4Al3Ca2ClAlO2Fe2ABHCO3BNH4OHCO23HCD5(2010)0.1000molL1NaOH20.00mL0.1000molL1CH3COOH()Ac(CH3COO)c(OH)c(CH3COOH)c(H)Bc(Na)c(CH3COOH)c(CH3COO)Cc(Na)c(OH)c(CH3COO)c(H)Dc(CH3COOH)c(CH3COO)c(H)c(Na)c(OH)Ac(CH3COO)c(OH)c(Na)c(H)c(CH3COOH)c(Na)B20mLc(Na)c(CH3COO)c(CH3COOH)Cc(Na)c(CH3COO)c(OH)c(H)DD6ABCDCH3COONaNH4ClHClNa2SO4(1)ABACpHA__________B__________C__________D__________(2)A()____________________________________CH3COONaNH4ClNa2SO4ANH4ClBCH3COONaCDNa2SO4NH4ClNH4c(Cl)c(NH4)c(H)c(OH)(1)NH4ClCH3COONaHClNa2SO4(2)c(Cl)c(NH4)c(H)c(OH)