D.H.Lawrence 劳伦斯作家介绍

荒原意识(wastelandconsciousness)在20世纪英美文学中的反映:dehumanization丧失人性;+alienation异化,疏远+disillusionment幻灭+disintegrationoflife生活解体D.H.Lawrence(1885-1930)LawrenceisoneofthegreatestEnglishnovelistsofthe20thcentury,thegreatestfromaworking-classfamily.D.H.Lawrence(1885-1930)Novelist+poet+playwrightSonsandLovers1.Socialcriticism:dehumanization2.Psychologicalexploration1)Humansexuality（性欲）2)OedipusComplexLawrenceMajorWorksSonsandLovers(Autobiographicalnovel)TheRainbow;WomeninLove(Thetwonovelsarehismasterpiece)TheRainbowisastoryaboutthethreegenerationsoftheBrangwenfamilyontheMarshfarm.WomeninLoveisanovelabouttwopairsoflovers,aroundwhomaseriesofepisodesaredramaticallypresented.ViewpointsinLawrence’swritings1）Socialcriticism:dehumanizationLawrencehasexpressedastrongreactionagainstthemechanicalcivilization.Inhisopinion,thebourgeoisindustrialrevolution,whichmadeitsrealizationatthecostofravishingtheland,hadstartedthecatastrophicuprootingofmanfromnature.ViewpointsinLawrence’swritingsUnderthismechanicalcontrol,humanbeingswereturnedintoinanimatedmatter,whiletheinanimatedmattershouldbeanimatedtodestroybothmanandearth.ItisthisagonizedconcernaboutthedehumanizingeffectofmechanicalcivilizationonthesensualtendernessofhumannaturethathauntsLawrence’swriting.ViewpointsinLawrence’swritings2)Psychologicalanalysis:sexualimpulseLawrencewasoneofthefirstnoveliststointroducethemesofpsychologyintohisworks.Hebelievesthatthehealthywayoftheindividual’spsychologicaldevelopmentlayintheprimaryofthelifeimpulse,orinanotherterm,thesexualimpulse.Humansexuality（性欲）wasasymbolofLifeForce.ViewpointsinLawrence’swritingsBypresentingthepsychologicalexperienceofindividualhumanlifeandhumanrelationships,Lawrencehasopenedupawideterritorytothenovel(hisliterarycontribution).Lawrencedeclaredthatanyrepressionofthesexualimpulsebasedonsocial,religious,ormoralvaluesofthecivilizedworldwouldcauseseveredamagestotheharmonyofhumanrelationshipsandthepsychichealthoftheindividual’spersonality.Hisartisticfeatures1.Lawrence’sartistictendencyismainlyrealism,whichcombinesdramaticsceneswithanauthoritativecommentary.2.Withtheworking-classsimplicityanddirectness,Lawrencecansummonupallthephysicalattributesassociatedwiththecommondailyobjects.Hisartisticfeatures3.Inpresentingthepsychologicalaspectsofhischaracters,Lawrencemakesuseofpoeticimaginationandsymbolisminhiswriting.4.Lawrenceendowsthetraditionalrealismwithafreshpsychologicalmeaning.Lawrence’sPoetryLawrenceisalsoproficientpoet.Hispoemsfallroughintothreecategories—a)satiricalandcomicpoems;b)poemsabouthumanrelationshipsandemotions;c)poemsaboutnature.Lawrence’sPlayLawrencewasanimportantplaywrightwhowrotethreeplaysknownas“theLawrencetrilogy”.Freud'sanalyticalpsychologyalteredourconceptionofhumannature.ThetheoryoftheFreudian1.(libido=sexualdesire/unconsciousness/forceoflife/sexualimpulse)2.Id,ego,super-ego3.OedipusComplex2002.420.Themajorconcernof______fictionliesinthetracingofthepsychologicaldevelopmentofhischaractersandinhisenergeticcriticismofthedehumanizingeffectofthecapitalistindustrializationonhumannature.A.D.H.Lawrence'sB.J.Galsworthy'sC.W.Thackeray’sD.T.Hardy’s2000.44.Themajorconcernof_______fictionliesinthetracingofthepsychologicaldevelopmentofhischaractersandinhisenergeticcriticismofthedehumanizingeffectofthecapitalistindustrializationonhumannature.A.CharlesDickens'sB.D.H.Lawrence'sC.ThomasHardy'sD.JohnGalsworthy'sThemajorconcernofD.H.Lawrence'sfictionliesinthetracingofthepsychologicaldevelopmentofhischaractersandinhisenergeticcriticismofthedehumanizingeffectofthecapitalistindustrializationonhumannature.AnalysisofSonsandLovers1.Story2.Themes3.CharacterizationofPaul1.Story(也可以参阅P375的story)SonsandLoversislargelyanautobiographicalnoveltoldbymeansofstraightforwardnarrativeandvividepisodesinchronologicalsequence.WalterMorel,aminer,hasmarrieda“womanofcharacterandrefinement（文雅）”whoturnshermarriageintoabattle.Mrs.Morelrejectsherhusbandandconcentratesallherloveonherchildren,especiallyhersecondsonPaul.1.Story(也可以参阅P375的story)ShestruggleswithpovertyandisdeterminedtokeepPaulfromthecoalmine.Theboydoeswellinhisstudiesandgetsajobasaclerk.Whenheisseriouslyill,themothernurseshimbacktohealth,thusdeepeningthelovebetweenthemotherandtheson.ButassoonastheboyfallsinlovewithMiriam,afarmer’sdaughter,conflictingemerge.1.Story(也可以参阅P375的story)Mrs.Morelisjealousandafraidthatthesoulfulgirlwill“suck”hersonup,withnothingleftforher.Paulistornbetweenthetwolovers.DisappointedbyMiriam’slackofphysicalpassion,hestartshavinganaffairwithClara;amarriedwomanwholivesseparatedfromherhusband.Mrs.Morelsuffersfromaterminaldisease(dying).1.Story(也可以参阅P375的story)Paulthencastsoffhismistressandattendstohisdyingmother.Itisonlyaftermother’sdeaththathefeelsfree.Resistingtheurgetofollowhismotherintodarkness,hewalkstowardslife.2.Themes1)ItistakenasatypicalexampleandlivelymanifestationofOedipusComplexinfiction,astheresultofLawrence’slong-rangestudyofpsychoanalysistheoriesofSigmundFreud.Butthethemeofthenovelisusuallysaidtoconcerntheeffectofmaternalloveonthedevelopmentofason.