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MTReEaeo空的gNameg空的Sea空的manteaRomeeggtreenamesea表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的词叫名词。deskchairbookcomputerglasseslight名词(Nouns)可数名词CountableNouns不可数名词UncountableNouns单数名词SingularNouns复数名词PluralNouns写出下列名词的复数形式1.boy2.people3.leaf4.zoo5.tomato6.foot7.eye8.dress9.wife9.match10.library12.family13.wish14.photo15.German17.Chinese18.day________19.dictionary20.sheep_______21.womanteacher_______________22.milkman________________________23.bananatree______________________________24.boystudent___________________25,policewoman_______________________情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/浊辅音和元音后读/z/desk-desks/desks/game-games/geimz/key-keys/ki:z/以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词加-es读/iz/bus-buses/’bʌsiz/以o结尾的词有生命的加-es读/z/potato-potatoes/pə'teɪtəʊz/无生命的加-s读/s/photo-photos/'fəutəus/以y结尾的词辅音子母+y改y为i,加-es读/z/family-families/'fæmiliz/元音+y加-s读/z/boy-boys/bɒɪz/以f或fe结尾的词改f或fe为v,加-es读/vz/life-lives/laɪvz/foot--feetchild-childrentooth--teethmouse--mice名词复数的不规则变化(1)名词复数的不规则变化(2)man--menwoman--womenmendoctorswomenteachersonesheeptwosheepaChinesetwoChineseaJapaneseseveralJapanese名词复数的不规则变化(3):单复数形式相同aGermansomeGermansAmerican--AmericansAustralian--AustraliansCanadian--Canadians国家国家人民形容词(语言)中国ChinaChineseChinese(Chinese)日本JapanJapaneseJapanese(Japanese)英国BritainEnglishEnglish(English)美国AmericaAmerican(s)American(English)法国FranceFrenchFrench(French)加拿大CanadaCanadian(s)Canadian(English)澳大利亚AustraliaAustralian(s)Australian(English)onefish一条鱼fishes不同种类的鱼/各种各样的鱼threefish三条鱼somefish一些鱼肉可数名词不可数名词名词复数的不规则变化(4):“fish”想一想:我们学过的名词还有哪些和fish的用法相同?必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(1)a.有些词既可数又不可数但意思不同:time次数/倍数–时间glass玻璃杯–玻璃room房间–空间fish鱼–鱼肉…b.有些词虽以-s结尾但却是单数:news,math(s),physics,politics,...c.有些词始终是复数形式:people(人们),clothes,trousers,glasses(眼镜),works(著作),times(时代)...有些词通常都是复数形式:shoes,gloves,…d.people有两种意思:人/人们;民族Thereare56peoplesinChina.民族(加-s构成复数)Thereare56peopleintheroom.人(们)(本身就是复数)e.这些是最常见的不可数名词,一般都没有复数形式news,information,weather,work(工作),bread,knowledge,advice,fun可数名词前可以加上one(a/an),two,three…来表示量的多少一个苹果________________________十本字典_______________________九辆公共汽车____________________那不可数名词的量要怎么表达呢?必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(2)one(an)appletendictionariesninebuses可以加上一些表示单位的名词来够成短语:a____ofpaper/bread/meat/work/advicea____oftea/coffeea____ofwater/milka____ofglasses/trousers/glovespiececupglass/bottlepair1.两杯牛奶_________________2.五袋米___________________3.六双鞋___________________4.四张纸______________________5.七杯茶______________________翻译下列词组a.“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时该名词用单数形式atwo-monthholidayan8-year-oldboytheboys’400-metrerace必须注意的特殊用法b.关于几个表示数量的单位词hundreds/thousands/millionsofpeople9hundred/thousand/millionpeople中考有关名词的试题1、These_________havesavedmanychildren’slives.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor2、---Arethereany________onthefarm?---Yes,therearesome.A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep3、---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,________ororange?---Orange,please.A.hamburgerB.chipC.tea4、_____turnyellowinautumn.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.LeafsCDCB5、Helpyourselvestosome_____,dearchildren!A.fishsB.fishesC.fishD.thefish6、---Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?---Certainly.A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters7、_____hardworkitis!A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa8、Imettwo_____inthestreetyesterdaymorning.A.GermanB.AustralianC.AmericanD.JapaneseCBCDWhat’sthisinEnglish?Whose…itis?含义:名词所有格表示所属关系,就是“……的”的表达方式。如:玛丽的儿子Mary’sson.学校的大门thegateoftheschool1.Thewomanoverthereis______mother.A.JuliaandShelley’sB.Julia’sandShelley’sC.JuliaandShelleyD.Julia’sandShelley2.TodayisSeptember10th.It’s_____Day.Let’sgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers.A.TeacherB.Teachers’C.theTeachers’D.Teacher’s3.Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?A.Children’sDayB.Childrens’sDayC.ChildrensDayD.ChildrenDay名词所有格的分类名词所有格可分为三种:1、有生命名词的所有格2、无生命名词的所有格3、双重所有格有生命名词的所有格单词形式构成方式举例普通单数名词在词尾加's1.theboy‘sbag男孩的书包.(boy是单数名词)2.Mother’sDay母亲节以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾只加'1、thetwoboys‘mother。那两个男孩的母亲2、theteachers’office。老师办公室词尾不带-s的复数名词在词尾加's1.Children‘sDay儿童节(children本身就是复数名词)2.men'sroom男厕所表共同的所有关系(表示两者共有)即XXandXX’s的形式在第二个名词后加'sLilyandLucy’sroom.丽丽和露西的房间(共同拥有一个房间)表示分别所有关系(表示各自拥有)即XX’sandXX’s的形式在两个名词词尾都加'sLily’sandLucy’sroom.丽丽和露西的房间。(各有各自的房间)’s还可以表示某人的家或某个店铺如:myaunt’s(我阿姨家)thedoctor’s(诊所)无生命名词的所有格1、无生命名词所有格一般用“of+名词”的结构表示。如:thegateoftheschool学校的大门thedooroftheclassroom教室的门2、有些表示时间、距离以及国家等无生命的名词,可以在词尾加’s或’如:a、表时间:today’snewspaper(今天的报纸)b、表距离:tenmiles’distance(十英里的距离)c、表国家、城市等实体:China’sfuture(中国的未来)双重所有格双重所有格由“of+名词所有格”如:afriendofmyfather’s我爸爸的一个朋友apictureofhersister’s她妹妹的一幅画或“of+名词性物主代词”如:afriendofmine我的一个朋友abookofmine我的一本书•1.March8this____________.(妇女节)•2.Thechildrenarewearingnewclothes___________.(儿童节那天)•3.Thisis_____________.莉莉和露西的房间)•4.Theyare_____________.(莉莉和露西的房间)•5.Theoldteacheris___________________.(是我的一个朋友)•6.Thegirlinredis_____________________.(是我姐姐的一个好朋友)Women’sDayonChildren’sDayLilyandLucy’sroomLily’sandLucy’sroomsafriendofmine/oneofmyfriendsagoodfriendofmysister’s/oneofmysister’sgoodfriends
本文标题:初一英语名词讲解
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