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中考名词专项名词的数名词的所有格名词的变化可数名词不可数名词名词的单数形式一般可用a来修饰*acar*abook在元音发音开头的单词前用an*anelephant*anapple2.名词复数的不规则变化(1)单复数同形Chinese–Chinesefish–fishJapanese–Japanesesheep–sheepdeer--deer(口诀:中日养(羊)鱼鹿)(2)特殊变化mouse—mice,foot–feetchild—childrenwoman--womenman--mentooth–teeth3.国家的人变复数时,Englishman—EnglishmenFrenchman---FrenchmenGerman---GermansAmerican---Americans口诀:中日不变.英法变,其余-s后面加4.集体名词,1)形单义复。people,police,cattle等集体名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。如:Thepolicewerelookingforthelostchild.警察正在寻找丢失的孩子。2).family,class,team等作主语时,若强调整体,谓语动词用单数;若强调个体,谓语动词必须用复数。如:Herfamilyisgoingtomove.她要搬家了。5.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。“TheArabianNights”isaveryinterestingstory-book.一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事书。6.另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,fishes(各种)鱼不可数名词1、液体类(water):juice(果汁),tea(茶),soup(汤),milk(牛奶),cola(可乐),coffee(咖啡)2、肉类(meat):beef(牛肉),pork(猪肉)3、抽象名词类:news(新闻,消息),information(消息),money(钱),advice(建议),friendship(友谊),work(工作),homework(家庭作业),housework(家务活),schoolwork(学业),fun(乐趣)4、食物类(food):,rice(大米,米饭),food(食品),chocolate(巧克力)bread(面包)不可数名词一般只以单数形式出现.不可数名词的数量要通过量词来表示;如apieceofbread;twoglassesof..,akiloof…;aboxof…;abagof…可用much,alittle,alotof,lotsof,abitof,some等表示“一些”如somefood,alittlemoney,alotofwork…2.6名词作定语名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。1.man,woman等作定语时,两者同时变。如:manworker---menworkerswomanteacher---womenteachers2.数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。如:afive-yearplan一个五年计划3.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化,同一个词,但意思不同(1)glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻璃杯)paper(纸)–apaper(报纸)work(工作)–awork(作品)room(空间)–aroom(房间)(2)wind(风)–awind(一阵风)rain(雨)–arain(一场雨)snow(雪)–asnow(一场雪)coffee(咖啡)–acoffee(一份咖啡)success(成功)--asuccess(一个成功的人/事)fruit(水果)---fruits(各种各样的水果)food(食物)–foods(各种各样的食物)wood(木头)--woods(树林)指点迷津1.Tenyears______(is,are)shorttimeforme.2.Apairofshoes______(is,are)underthebed.3.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool_____(is,are)2,000.4.NeitherhenorI____(is,am)anAmerican.amisisis指点迷津6.Maths______(are,is)hardtolearnfortheboy.7.Theyareall_______________(woman,teachers;womenteachers).8.ThepopulationofChina_______(are,is)over1,300,000,000.9.Therearemany______(peoples,people)inthestreetinsummer.10.Oneofthestudents______(have,has)gonetoShanghai.isiswomenteacherspeoplehas2.7名词的格在英语中有些名词可以加’s来表示所属关系:1.表示有生命的东西(人或动物)的名词所有格一般在名词后加’s。myfather’sstudy我父亲的书房a.以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加’。theteachers’readingroom教员阅览室b.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格要加’s。thepeople’sright人民的权利thewomen’sdress2.如果一样东西为两人共有,则只在后一个名词的后面加’s。如果不是共有的,则两个名词之后都要加’s。JaneandHelen’sroom珍妮和海伦的房间(共有)Bill’sandTom’sradios比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机(不共有)3.(双重所有格)“of+词组+所有格”的用法:afriendofmyfather’s=(oneofmyfather’sfriends)我父亲的一个朋友thatnovelofherlittlebrother’s她弟弟的那本小说Exercises一.用适当的选项填空。1.Whenwesawhisface,weknew___wasbad.A.somenewsB.anewsC.thenewsD.news2.Heishungry.Givehim___toeat.A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbreadC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreadsCC3.Joanis____.A.Mary‘sandJacksisterB.MaryandJack’ssisterC.MaryandJacksisterD.Mary’sandJack’ssister4.Thefootballunderthebedis____.A.LilyandLucyB.Lily‘sandLucy’sC.Lily’sandLucyD.LilyandLucy’s5.It‘sabout___walkfrommyhouse.A.tenminuteB.tenminutes’C.tenminute’sD.tenminutes6.MissSmithisafriendof____.A.Mary’smother‘sB.Mary’smotherC.mother’sofMaryD.MarymothersBDBA
本文标题:中考英语名词专讲
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