现代大学英语精读四课件PPT.thinking-as-a-hobby

•ThinkingasaHobby•----williamGoldingAuthorWilliamGoldingAuthorSirWilliamGeraldGolding(September19,1911—June19,1993)wasanEnglishnovelist,poetandwinnerof1983NobelprizeinLiterature:TheAuthor’sBackgroundAuthorBornonSeptember19,1911atSt.ColumbMinor,avillagenearNewquay,Cornwall（英国英格兰的一个郡：康沃尔郡）,hestartedwritingattheageofseven.HewenttoOxfordUniversityin1930,wherehestudiednaturalsciencesandEnglishlanguage.Hisfirstbook,acollectionofpoems,appearedayearbeforeGoldingreceivedhisBA.AuthorTobecontinuedonthenextpage.TheAuthor’sBackgroundHemarriedAnnBrookfield,ananalyticalchemist,in1939.HebecameateacherofEnglishandphilosophyatBishopWordsworth’sSchoolinSalisbury（英格兰南部城市）.DuringWorldWarIIheservedintheRoyalNavyandwasinvolvedinthesinkingofGermany’smightiestbattleship（战列舰，火炮威力巨大的主力战斗舰，目前已被淘汰）,theBismarck.HeparticipatedintheinvasionofNormandyonD-Day（二战中盟军在法国北部的开始进攻日，1944年6月6日）andatwar’sendwentbacktoteachingandwriting.AuthorTheAuthor’sBackgroundIn1961hissuccessfulbooksallowedGoldingtoleavehisteachingpostandhespentayearaswriter-in-residenceatHollinsCollegeinVirginia.Hethenbecameafull-timewriter.HereceivedaknighthoodfromQueenElizabethIIin1988.WilliamGoldingdiedinhishomeatPerranarworthal,nearTruro,CornwallonJune19,1993.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.Rodin’sThinkerTobecontinuedonthenextpage.Restingonthehorizontalpanelabovethedoors,TheThinkerbecamethefocalpointofTheGatesofHellandsubsequentlyperhapsthemostwell-knownsculptureofalltime.Theathletic-lookingfigure,inspired（激发灵感）bythesculptureofMichelangelo（米开朗琪罗，1475---1564，意大利文艺复兴盛期雕塑家、画家）,depictsamaninsobermeditation,yetwhosemusclesstrainwitheffort—possiblytoevokeapowerfulinternalstruggle.RodininitiallyreferredtothefigureasDante（但丁，意大利文艺复兴时期诗人：史诗神曲）buteventuallywhatweknowasTheThinkerevolvedintoamoresymbolicrepresentationofcreativity,intellect,andaboveall—thought.III.GoddessVenusTobecontinuedonthenextpage.VenusofMiloVenusdeMilo(about150—100BC)isconsideredbymanyarthistorianstobetheidealofHellenisticbeauty.Itwascarvedoutofmarbleandstandsapproximately205cm(6ft10in)high.米洛的维纳斯，著名的古希腊大理石雕塑，作于公元前二世纪。公元1800年在希腊的米洛岛被发现。现藏于巴黎的罗浮宫。III.GoddessVenusAsRomanGoddessofLoveandBeauty,VenusisassociatedwithcultivatedfieldsandgardensandlateridentifiedbytheRomanswiththeGreekGoddessofLove,Aphrodite阿佛洛狄特，爱与美的女神（希神）.TheBirthofVenusTheendofGoddessVenus.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.“Intelligenceissomethingwearebornwith.Thinkingisaskillthatmustbelearned.”“Ithink,thereforeIam.”QuotationsonThinkingTobecontinuedonthenextpage.QuotationsonThinking“Icannotteachanybodyanything,Icanonlymakethemthink.”—Socrates苏格拉底，469—399BC,古希腊哲学家QuotationsonThinking“Nurtureyourmindwithgreatthoughts.”—BenjaminDisraeli迪斯累里，1804—1881，英国首相（1874---1880），保守党领袖。作家“Whatisthehardesttaskintheworld?Tothink.”TheendofQuotationsonThinking.•grammarschool:•InBritain,itreferstoaschoolforchildrenover11whoareacademicallybright.Today,therearefewgrammarschools.Mostsecondaryschoolsarecalled“comprehensive”andtakeinallchildrenover11whatevertheirabilities.IntheUS,agrammarschoolusedtomeananelementaryschool,butitisnowconsideredold-fashioned.•Itwasmyheadmaster…beforeme.•第一个把思考这个问题带到我面前的是我文法学校的校长8.nothingbut:only,merelyDon’thavehimforafriend:he’snothingbutacriminal.Hehadnothingforsupperbutalittlepieceofcheese.Nothingbutrosesmeetstheeye.“nothing”phrasesTobecontinuedonthenextpage.“Let’sgoforaboatride!”“Nothingdoing!”毫无，决不Hewasnothingifnotclever.极其，极端There’snothinglikeaholidaytomakeonefellrested.没有什么能比得上That’snothinglessthanamiracle.(=nolessthan)不亚于，完全（强调其多、其大）•Thedropsdidn’tgetverybig,andtheearthreceivednothingmorethanadrizzle.(=nomorethan)•仅仅，只不过（强调其少、其小）•“Anythinginterestinghappening?”No,nothingmuch.•没什么•“I’msorrytocauseyoutrouble.”“Mydearfriend,it’snothingofthekind”.•哪里的话，没那回事•lest:andold-fashioned)conj.forfearthat•唯恐、以免•Hedoesn’tdaretoleavethehouselestheshouldberecognized.•Note:Thesubjunctivemoodisusedintheclauselestintroduces.•Becarefullestyoufallfromthattree.•Sometimesusedafterdanger,fear,afraid,worried,functioningasthat•Iwasafraid/worriedlesthemightcometoolate.•Therewasdangerlesttheplanshouldbecomeknown.•fartherandfurther•farther:physicaldistance•further:degree,timeandallotherfigurativeuses•Thenextvillageturnedouttobemuchfartherthanwehadthought.•Wewilldiscussitfurthertomorrow.•Furtherdevelopmentofoureconomywillstrainourresourcestoo.•bein…positiontodosth:tobeabletodosth.becauseyouhaveability,powerormoneytodoitIamnotinapositiontolendyoumoney.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,manisnowinapositiontodestroythewholeworld.Unfortunate:不利的Anunfortunateturnoftheevents事态的不利变化•Utterly:completely,totally•Theyseemutterlyunawareofwhatmayhappen.•Symbolize:torepresent•象征着，是。。。的象征•InEurope,thecolorwhitesymbolizespurity,butinAsiaitisoftenthesymbolofdeepmourning.goto2Iwasnotintegrated,Iwas,ifanything,disintegrated.(Para.4)FormingapartofaharmoniousgroupThedirectoppositeof“integrated”,andthereforemeanssomekindoftroublemaker.Thisisnotthethewaythewordisnormallyused.onthecontraryMoreexamplesTobecontinuedonthenextpage.•integrate:•1.（inthetext)使完整、使完善•Ifmanistointegratehimself,hemustdiscoverhisspringsofactio