关于比较和比较级的用法

Chapter25ComparisonandComparativeConstructionI.warmingupexercisesII.Comparisonformsofadjectivesandadverbs.III.Threemaintypesofcomparativeconstructions.1.“As…as”constructions2.“More…than”construction3.“(The)+superlativeadjective/adverb+scopeofcomparison”IV.Contrastbetweencomparativeconstructions.V:Comparativeinadvertisement.TheRainbow---ChristinaG.RossettiBoatssailontherivers,Andshipssailontheseas:ButcloudsthatsailacrosstheskyAreprettierfarthanthese.Therearebridgesontherivers,Asprettyasyouplease,Butthebowthatbridgesheaven,Andovertopsthetrees,Andbuildsabridgefromearthtosky,Isprettierfarthanthese.ToMr./Miss.X:Irunthequickest.Iworkthehardest.Idivethedeepest.Itravelthefarthest.Ineverdreadtobetheshortest.Iamnotafraidtobethepoorest.Imightnotbethewisest,ButIamclosesttoyourheart,SoMr./MissX,wouldyoupleasetakemeasyourdearest?Exercises:1.Blank-fillingandguessing.[Fivesportsstarsaretalkingabouttheirperformancesinthepastyear.]Confident,difficult,easy,fast,fit,good,happy,old,tall,tired,strongE.g.Ifeelmuchstrongernowthanlastyear.I’velifted180kgthisyearforthefirsttime.Sport:weightliftingConfident,difficult,easy,fast,fit,good,happy,old,tall,tired,1)Yes,mygamehasimprovedalot.I’vedonealotoftraining.SoI’mmuch1.thanbefore.AndI’mscoringmoregoals.Thewholeteamisalot2.tobeatnow!Fitter,moredifficult,Sport:footballConfident,easy,fast,good,happy,old,tall,tired,2)Thiscaris3.onthecircuit.Withthechanges,everybodyismuch4.abouttheengineandgears,andit’sabit5.todrivethanitwas.Thefastest,happier,easier,Sport:motorracingConfident,good,old,tall,tired,3)Well,I’malittle6everyyear,andIget7afteraracethesedays.ButIfeel8witheveryrace,andifmylegsarestrongenough,I’msureIcanwinagain!Older,moretired,moreconfident,Sport:runninggood,tall,4)Oh,mygame’smuch9now.I’vegrownabit10,whichhelpsmyserve,andI’mwinningmoreoften.Istillpreferplayingdoubles,though.Better,tallerSport:tennisTheRainbow---ChristinaG.RossettiBoatssailontherivers,Andshipssailontheseas:ButcloudsthatsailacrosstheskyAreprettierfarthanthese.Therearebridgesontherivers,Asprettyasyouplease,Butthebowthatbridgesheaven,Andovertopsthetrees,Andbuildsabridgefromearthtosky,Isprettierfarthanthese.I.ComparisonformsofadjectivesandadverbsAbsolute/positivedegreeComparativedegreeSuperlativedegree1.Regularformsofadjs:-er,-est/more,mostMono-syllabicadjs:-er,-est.Adjswithmorethan2syllables:more,mostDisyllabicadjs:both-y/-ow:e.g.happy-happier-happiestnarrow-narrower-narrowest2.Regularformsofadverbs:-er,-est,more/most-ly/frequencyadverbs:more,mostE.g.clearly-moreclearly-mostclearlywisely-morewisely-mostwiselyoften-moreoften-mostoften3.Irregularformsofadjectivesandadverbs.E.g.bad-worse-worst,well-better-bestVs..positive:IcanswimasfastasMichaelPhelpsnegative:Icannotswimas/sofastasMichaelPhelpsIswimlessfastthanMichaelPhelpsII.Threemaintypesofcomparativeconstructions.1.“As…as”constructionsSheisassmartashe(is).Thiscarrunsasfastasthatone(does).N:Sheisnotas/sosmartashe(is).Sheislesssmartthanhe(is).A:Basicpattern:differentsubjects,identicalcomparativeelements.positive:Heisassmartasheiskind.Sheisassmartassheispretty.既…又negative:Heisnotsosmartasheiskind.Sheisnotsowittyassheispretty.B:Identicalsubjects,differentcomparativeelements.A:halfameterlongB:halfameterwideBAThistableisaswideasthatoneislong.Thispoolisn’ttwiceaswideasthatoneislong.Hisuncleisasbaseashisfatherishonorable.C:Differentsubjects,differentcomparativeelements.Variantforms:Asmuch/many+n+as-clause:Ihaveasmanyfriendsasshe(has).Shewroteasmanypoemsasheexpected.As+adj+Nphrase+as-clause:JohnisasefficientaworkerasJack.Vs.JohnisaworkerasefficientasJack.Ihaveneverheardasbeautifulmusicasthis.Idon’tlikeasrichaBFashe.Idon’tsmokeasexpensivecigarettesasthese?forsingularnanduncountablen.Vs..2.“More…than”constructionIcanswimevenfasterthanPhelps.Sheistallerthanhersister.Thisparcelisheavierthanthatone.Negative:Thisparcelislessheavythanthatone..Thisparcelisnotso/asheavyasthatone.ShehasmorefriendsthanI.Thereislessalcoholinthisbottlethaninthatone.Therearefewerlettersnowadaysthan10yearsago.TheyhavealargerhousethanI.Heisamorepoliteboythanhisbrother.A.Basicpattern:differentsubjects,identicalcomparativeelementsHeismoreintelligentthanaggressive.Sheismoredaringthanquick-minded.Heismorethinthantall.Thepresentcrisisismuchmoreapoliticalthananeconomiccrisis.Itismuchmoreaquarrelthanadebate./itislessadebatethanaquarrel.Hewaslesshurtthanfrightened./Hewasmorefrightenedthanhurt.B:Identicalsubjects,differentcomparativeelements.(与其…不如)The+comparativeadjective/adverb+of-phraseJohnisthebrighterofthetwoboys.OfthetwoboysJohnbehaves(the)morepolitely.More/lessofa+noun+than-clause:(fool)Heismore/lessofasportsmanthanhisbrother.Heisasmuchofasportsmanas…Sheismoreofasuperstarthanherbrother.Heismore/lessofafoolthanIthoughthewas.3.“(The)+superlativeadjective/adverb+scopeofcomparison”TheYangziriveristhelongestriverinChina.Heworks(the)hardestofall.ThisisthemostdifficultjobI’vee