过去完成时和过去完成进行时

ThepastperfectThepastperfectprogressiveandThepastperfect1）structure：subject+had+pastparticiple①affirmativesentence：subject+had+pastparticiple②negativesentence：subject+had+not+pastparticiple③generalquestion：Had+subject+pastparticiple④passivevoice：subject+had（hadn't)been+pastparticiple2)Pastperfecttensetimeadverbialbefore,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。•HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.•Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty（3）Someverbspluperfectsaidthatplantodosomethingbuthavenotdoit.Ihadintendedtocomeovertoseeyoulastnight,butsomeonecalledandIcouldn'tgetaway.昨晚我本打算来看你，但有人来找，脱不开身。Wehadhopedtocatchtheearlybus,butfounditwasgone.我们本希望搭早班车，却发现车已开了。（4）Forrepresentationandthepastfactscontraryvirtualconditionsintheclause•Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhavemethim.•如果你昨天来的话，你就已经见到他的面了。•Shewouldhavecomeifshehadn’tbeensobusy.•要不是这么忙的话，她就已经来了。Thepastperfectprogressive•1）structure:•S+hadbeen+doing•1）notyetcompleted尚未完成：•Hehadbeenwritingthenovel．（Hehadnotfinishedityet．）•2）attempt企图：•Hehadbeenstudyingthemeaningofthisproverb．（Hewastryingtostudyit．）•3）Withoutresults未得结果：•Wehadbeenstudyingwhatourenemyhadsaid．（Butwewerenotabletounderstandit．）•4）Recentsituation最近情况：•Hehadbeenquarrellingwithhiswife．（lately）•5）repeated反复动作：•Hehadbeenaskingmethesamequestion．（Manytimes）•6）mood情绪：•Whathadhebeendoing？（impatient）compare•Shehadcleanedtheoffice,soitwasverytidy.她已经打扫办公室了,所以很整洁。（强调结果）Shehadbeencleaningtheoffice,sowehadtowaitoutside.她一直在打扫办公室,所以我们不得不在外面等着。（强调动作一直进行）