2011-罗宾斯-管理学-11版-英文PPT-11

•Describecontemporaryorganizationaldesigns•Discusshoworganizationsorganizeforcollaboration•Explainflexibleworkarrangementsusedbyorganizations•Discussorganizingissuesassociatedwithacontingentworkforce•Describetoday’sorganizationaldesignchallengesTeamStructure-anorganizationalstructureinwhichtheentireorganizationismadeupofworkteamsMatrixStructure-anorganizationalstructurethatassignsspecialistsfromdifferentfunctionaldepartmentstoworkononeormoreprojectsProjectStructure-anorganizationalstructureinwhichemployeescontinuouslyworkonprojectsBoundarylessOrganization-anorganizationwhosedesignisnotdefinedby,orlimitedto,thehorizontal,vertical,orexternalboundariesimposedbyapredefinedstructureVirtualOrganization-anorganizationthatconsistsofasmallcoreoffull-timeemployeesandoutsidespecialiststemporarilyhiredasneededtoworkonprojects.NetworkOrganization-anorganizationthatusesitsownemployeestodosomeworkactivitiesandnetworksofoutsidesupplierstoprovideotherneededproductcomponentsorworkprocesses.LearningOrganization-anorganizationthathasdevelopedthecapacitytocontinuouslylearn,adapt,andchangeCross-functionalteam-aworkteamcomposedofindividualsfromvariousfunctionalspecialties.Taskforce(oradhoccommittee)-atemporarycommitteeorteamformedtotackleaspecificshort-termproblemaffectingseveraldepartments.Communitiesofpractice-groupsofpeoplewhoshareaconcern,asetofproblems,orapassionaboutatopic,andwhodeepentheirknowledgeandexpertiseinthatareabyinteractingonanongoingbasis.Openinnovation-openingupthesearchfornewideasbeyondtheorganization’sboundariesandallowinginnovationstoeasilytransferinwardandoutward.Strategicpartnerships-collaborativerelationshipsbetweentwoormoreorganizationsinwhichtheycombinetheirresourcesandcapabilitiesforsomebusinesspurpose.Telecommuting-aworkarrangementinwhichemployeesworkathomeandarelinkedtotheworkplacebycomputer.Compressedworkweek-aworkweekwhereemployeesworklongerhoursperdaybutfewerdaysperweekFlextime(orflexibleworkhours)-aschedulingsysteminwhichemployeesarerequiredtoworkaspecificnumberofhoursaweekbutarefreetovarythosehourswithincertainlimits.Jobsharing-thepracticeofhavingtwoormorepeoplesplitafull-timejob.Contingentworkers-temporary,freelance,orcontractworkerswhoseemploymentiscontingentupondemandfortheirservices.TeamstructureMatrixstructureProjectstructureBoundarylessorganizationVirtualorganizationNetworkorganizationLearningorganizationCross-functionalteamTaskforce(oradhoccommittee)CommunitiesofpracticeOpeninnovationStrategicpartnershipsTelecommutingCompressedworkweekFlextime(orflexibleworkhours)JobsharingContingentworkers