基于CA模型的单车道交通流仿真的研究-张奎

6420068JournalofTransportationSystemsEngineeringandInformationTechnologyVol6No4August2006:1009-6744(2006)04-0081-05CA张奎,方美琪,翟润平(,100872):在Nege-lSchrekenberg单车道元胞自动机交通流模型的基础上,考虑面向高速公路的一维交通流运行状况,细化格点并进行计算机仿真.观测车辆的运行情况,并对车辆的平均速度和延误加以研究.仿真结果表明,车辆平均速度和延误符合它们的基本变化趋势.从仿真结果生成的时空图上我们可以看出,本文模型所生成的时空图所出现的阻塞相要比NS模型所出现的阻塞相平缓.且由于我们在仿真过程中使车辆加速度降低到合理的大小,让车辆的运行过程更加连续,因此本文模型比NS模型更加贴近现实.:元胞自动机;加速度;离散程度;阻塞相;运动相:U491TheStudyoftheTrafficFlowSimulationinOneLaneBasedontheCAModalZHANGKui,FANGMe-iqi,ZHAIRun-ping(SchoolofInformation,RenminUniversityofChina,Beijing100872,China)Abstract:BasedonNege-lSchrekenbergscellularautomaton(CA)oftrafficflowinonelane,takingtherun-ningsituationwhichisorientedtofreewayintoconsideration,makingthegridmoresmall,wedocomputersimula-tion.Wemakeaobservationoftherunningconditionandconsiderthemeanvelocityandthedelayofvehicles.Theresultofsimulationindicatedthatthemeanvelocityandthedelayofvehiclesissimilartotheirfundamentaltenden-cyofvariation.Wecanperceivedfromthetime-spacediagram,thatthejamphasewhichisgeneratedbythismeth-odismoregentlethanthejamphasegeneratedbytheNSmodal.Becausewelowertheacceleratedvelocitytoamorerationalvalueandmaketheprocedureofrunningmorecontinuousinthesimulation,wecansay,thatourmodalisapproachtherealitymorethantheNSmodal.Keywords:cellularautomaton;acceleratedvelocity;disperseddegree;jamphase;freephaseCLCnumber:U491:2006-02-19(1982-),,,,.Email:[e-mail]0,,,,,.,.,,,,.,.wolfram184[1].184,fi[2]NS[3].NS,.NSNagelSchrekenberg(NS),0Vmax,,,,.,Xi(t)it;Vi(t)it,Vmax;gapi(t)it,gapi(t)=Xi-1(t)-Xi(t)-1;Pnoise,[4]IF(Vi(t)gapi(t))Vi(t+1)=gapi(t)-1Pnoisegapi(t)ELSEIF(Vi(t)Vmax)Vi(t+1)=Vi(t)PnoiseVi(t)+1ELSE(Vi(t)=VmaxVi(t)gap(t))Vi(t+1)=Vmax-1PnoiseVmax,NS,NS,Vmax135kmh,7.5ms,.NS,,NS.NS,NS.1NS,7.5,1,Vmax5,135kmh,7.52.,,.,.7.51.5,NS.,5,gap,1.135kmh,(1)25.,32,2.::7500:1.5:5000:Vmax=25(135kmh)():7500:1:0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8182200682CA,,.,,NS,.,,.,,..2,34.227500(),,,,,.,,,;,,.,.,,,,,,.,,.,,.,..337500,.,.2,,.,(),.,.,.4(1),(3)(5)(8)750080,100300.L=5000,02000,(),,,,,,[4].834CA4,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,[4].,,,,,,,.4(5)(8),,Pnoise,,,,.,.84200683NS4(1)(4)NS7.5km,801000.60.8.NS,.,NS.,.NS7.5,,7.5,6.NS.253,,NS.,NS.,,,.,NS,,,NS.4,,,,.,,.NagelSchrekenberg(NS),,.[1]NagelKandSchreckenbergM.(1992),Acellularautom-atonmodelforfreewaytraffic[J].JournaldePhysiqueIFrance,2221,2.[2]WolframS.Randomsequencegeneratedbycellularau-tomata[J].AdvancesinAppliedMathematics,1986,7:123-164.[3]IshibashiandM.Fukui:J.Phys.Soc.Japan.63(1994)2882[IPAP].[4]CulikIIK,HurdLP,YuS.Formallanguagesandglobalcellularautomatonbehavior[J].PhysicaD,1990,45:396-403.[5]GilmanRH.Classesofcellularautomata,ErgodicTheoryandDynamicalSystems,1987,7:105-118.[6],,.[C].2004.:,2004,4:432.[7]XieHM.Thecomplexityoflimitlanguagesofcellularau-tomata:anexample[J].JournalofSystemsSciencesandComplexity,2001,14:17-30.[8],,.[J].,2001,50:445.[9]JiangZS,XieHM.Evolutioncomplexityoftheelementa-rycellularautomatonrule18[J].ComplexSystems,2002,13:271-295.[10]NagelKandSchreckenbergM.(1992),Acellularautom-atonmodelforfreewaytraffic[J].JournaldePhysiqueIFrance,2221,2.854CA