行政许可设定权研究

1234:[1]5[2]6[3]123[4]7?8[5]1921210[6][7]111213()14(1)102[8]15[9]()(1)2(3)16(4),[10][11]199812[12]17318(1)2(3)(4)()19[13][14]20[15]21[16]22[17][18]23[19]?7495515055[20]24[21][22]12345678259100(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)[23]261886[24][25][26][27][28]80(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(1)(2)(3)27(4)70904[29]OECD28[30]70198480[31]1887306019768029195319867019771978[32]301234315232333435361372[33]34383940[1]199583[2]1997116[3]1997237[4]1994328[5]198711[6]199866[7]1986566[8]1998230[9]199874[10]1996183[11]1996548[12]1994312[13]198711[14]1995210741[15]1995198[16]198327[17]19951[18]199410[19]199442[20]1988129[21]-199021[22]1199450[23],1995454[24]199424[25]199424[26]199418[27]1992425[28]1994330[29]1996277[30]199845942[31]1998459[32],1996279[33]19952105431.19972.19873.19964.19945.19886.19907.19968.19929.199810.199511.198312.199813.199914.199815.199516.200020004423451AbstractTheadministrativelicensesystemisoneofthenecessarylawsystemsinmoderngovernmentadministration.Andtheauthorizationforadministrativelicenseisthebasisofthestandardizationofadministrativelicensesystemthatistheoreticallyandpracticallydiscussedinthethesis.Thethesisisdividedintofivesections.Inthefirstsection,thedefinitionoftheadministrativelicenseauthorityisanalyzed.Therehasalwaysbeenthreepointsofviewsinthetheoreticalcirclesconcerningtheconnotationandextensionoftheadministrativelicense:1)thederegulationtheory;2).theauthorizationtheoryand3).theinspectiontheorywhichtheauthorthoughtisthemoreobjectiveandcompleteone.Theadministrativelicensereferstothelicenseauthorizedbytheadministrativesubjectaccordingtotherequestsoftheadministrativeobjectuponthelegalinspectionsaswhethertheobjectiscapableoforqualifiedforcertainactivitiesorrights.Thelicensementionedinthethesisincludesextensivelythelicensesforapproval,registration,enrollmentandqualification.Onlybyexplicitdefinitionoftheadministrativelicenseauthoritycouldtheadministrativesubjectsoftheauthoritybepreventedfromabusingitatwillandthedisorderedsituationofrandomlicenseauthorizationandcontestforitbelegallysolved.Theauthorityisanactoflegislationcreatingnewlegalnorms.Comparativelyspeaking,theauthorityis2actuallyakindofrightofexecutionwhichcrystallizestheexistingjuridicalstandards,andsotheauthorityisfurthercharacterizedasunrestrictedcapacity.Theauthoritydiscussedinthethesisrefersnottotherightofregulationbuttherightofestablishment.Thatmeans,theadministrativelicenseauthorityistherightofthestateorganstoestablishadministrativelicensestandardsaccordingtothelegalauthorityandprocedures.Insectiontwo,thebasicprinciplescompiledbytheadministrativelicenseauthorityfollowingtheruleoflawaswellastherequirementsandpossiblelegislativeconfigurationsunderthepracticalconditionsofourcountryareelaboratedasprincipleofstatutory,powerdecentralization,integrationoflawandlegalsystem,andtherealismprinciple.ThelegislativeconfigurationofadministrativelicenseauthorityisdiscussedinSectionThree.Thereasonableconfigurationthroughunifiedlegislationoftheadministrativelicenseauthoritycouldeffectivelystopthecarelessauthorizationoftheadministrativelicenseinexistence.Theunifiedandmulti-levellegislationofourcountrydeterminesthatboththecentralunifiedmanagementandexistinglocalunbalanceddevelopmentshouldbetakenintoconsiderationandthegeneralguidelinesfortheconfigurationofadministrativelicenseauthorityshallbeoverallplanninganddivisionofmanagementwiththeauthoritysegregationasthekeyelement.Basedonourlegislativesystemandwiththeconsiderationoftwobasicfactors,thebasic3requirementsoftherightsandobligationsestablishmentandtheeffectivenessofthelegalnorms,theadministrativelicenseauthoritycouldbedividedinto1.law,theadministrativelicenseinanyformsenactedbytheNationalPeople'sCongressanditsstandingcommittee;2.theadministrativeregulations,therestrictedadministrativelicenseauthorityontheprojectuniversallycarriedoutwithinthecountry;3.thelocalregulations(includingtheautonomyregulations,specificregulationandregulationsforspecialadministrationregion),themorerestrictedadministrativelicenseauthorityofthelocaladministrationonthebusinesswithintheadministrationregionaccordingtothelocaladministrativerequirements;4.theadministrativerulesarousinggreatdisputesinthetheorycircles,aspertheauthor,shouldsharepartoftheadministrativelicenseauthorityundertheintegrationoftherequirementsbyourlegislativesystemandtheestablishmentanddevelopmentofthatsystem.;5.othernormativeinstrumentsareprohibitedfromtheauthorizationofadministrativelicense.Thescopeofadministrativelicense,asdiscussedinSectionFour,isthecenteroftheadministrativelicensesystemwhichhasundergoneitsorigination,formationanddevelopmentsfromtheimplementationinonlyafewareasinthebeginningoftheestablishmentofPRChina,tothepreliminaryformationin1980'stillthepresentadministrativelicensescoversallaspectssociallife.Theprocessisalsoarepresentationoftheimprovementsinlawgovernment.Whilecertainauthoritydepartments,forthedepartmentalandregionalinterest,has4takefactitiousmeasurestoputthecivillegalrightsandautonomousactivitiesofeconomicentitiesundertheirauthority,whichinordinat