英语国家概况第11章

Chapter11PaymentofGoodsChecking1.BillofExchange2.Presentation/Acceptance/Endorsement/Dishonor3.D/Patsight4.D/Paftersight5.D/A6.T/T7.Paypal/WesternUnion/Escrow/Moneygram8.IrrevocableL/C/ConfirmedL/C9.支付方式如何选择ImportantPoints&DifficultPoints1InstrumentsofPaymentinInternationalTradeCurrencyDraftPromissoryNoteCheque2ModesofPaymentRemittanceCollectionL/C3WesternUnion/Paypal/Escrow/MoneyGram4PaymentClauseinS/C/CombinationofPaymentandRisks支付条款TermsofpaymentremittancecollectionL/CSectionAInstrumentofPaymentCashDraftPromissoryNoteCheque1.DefinitionofBillofExchangealsocalleddraft,isdefinedas“anunconditionalorderinwriting,addressedbyonepersontoanother,signedbythepersongivingit,requiringthepersontowhomitisaddressedtopayondemand,oratafixedordeterminablefuturetime,asumcertaininmoney,to,ortotheorderofaspecifiedperson,ortobearer”.ⅠBillofexchange汇票是一个人向另一个人签发的，要求见票时或在将来的固定时间，或可以确定时间，对某人或其指定的人或持票人支付一定金额的无条件的书面支付命令。1.SamplesofbillsSamplesofbillsNo:123/67Exchangefor$8000Guangdong,China,5thMarch,2006At60dayssightofthisFirstofexchange(theSECONDofthesameanddatebeingunpaid)paytoortotheorderofGuangzhouABCImportandExportCorporationthesumofUSDeightthousandonly.To:ABCImportandExportCo.Ltd23WashingtonStreetNewYork,USAGuangzhouABCImportandExportCorporationManager(Signed)汇票BILLOFEXCHANGENo.汇票编号Date:出票日期For:汇票金额At付款期限sightofthissecondofexchange(firstofthesametenoranddateunpaid)paytotheorderof受款人thesumofDrawnunder出票条款L/CNo.DatedTo.付款人出票人签章汇票图样中国建设银行汇票样本2.ContentsinDraft1）InvolvedParties出票人（Drawer）(Drawee)受票人=Payer(Payee)收款人TherelationshipamongthesepartiesinabillofexchangemaybedescribedasatriangleasabovePayeeDraweeDrawer3.ClassificationofBillofExchangeKindsWhetherdocumentarytimeofpaymentDrawerAcceptanceCleanbillDocumentarybillSightbillUsancebillCommercialbillBanker’sbillCommercialAcceptancebillBanker’sAcceptancebill1、AccordingtodifferenttheDrawer（1）Banker’sDraft银行汇票（2）CommercialDraft商业汇票2、AccordingtoShippingDocumentsattached按照有无随附货运单据（1）CleanDraft光票或净票、白票（2）DocumentaryDraft跟单汇票3、Accordingtothetimeofpayment按照付款时间的不同（1）SightDraft即期汇票（2）UsanceBillorTimeBill远期汇票4.ProceduresofBillofExchangeusedrawpresentationacceptancepayment汇票的使用即期汇票的使用出票（背书）提示付款拒付追索远期汇票的使用出票（背书）提示承兑（背书）提示付款拒付追索拒付追索票据行为Todrawistofillupbythedrawertheparticularsinabillofexchangethedateofdrawing,thenameofthedrawee,thetimeandamountofthepayment,etc.Thedraftissignedbythedrawerandthensenttothepayee.(1)Todraw--issuanceTherearethreekindsofwaystofillupthepayee:*Restrictivepayee,suchaspay…Co.only,pay…Co.nottransferable;限制性抬头*Toorder,suchaspay…Co.orOrderorPaytotheOrderof…Co.Thistyperequiresendorsementwhentransferable.指示性抬头*Tobearer,suchaspaybearer.Thistyperequiresnoendorsement.Theactoftakingthebilltothedraweeanddemandingthathemakethepaymentoracceptthebillisknownaspresentation.Forasightbill,paymentshouldbemadeatthesametimewhenthepresentationismade,andforatimebill,thedraweeisrequiredtoacceptthebillwhenthebillispresentedtohim.(2)PresentationTheformalactwherebythedraweeadoptsthebillashisownobligationisknownasacceptance.Acceptanceisthewrittensignification(含义)bythedraweeofhisassenttotheorderofthedrawer.(3)Acceptance*Thisisaccomplishedintheregularmannerbywritingtheword“Acceptance”,withthedateandthesignatureofthedrawee,acrossthefaceofthebill.Whenthebillisacceptedbythedrawee,heisthenknownasanacceptor.Underasightbill,thedraweeisrequiredtomakethepaymentwhenthebillispresentedtohimwhileforatimebill,thedraweeisrequiredtoacceptthebillwhenthebillispresentedtohimandmakethepaymentatthematurityofthebill.Whenpaid,thebillisretainedbythepayerwhilethereceiptismadeandsignedbytheholderofthebill.(4)Payment*EndorsementThebillofexchangeisnegotiableandtransferableasthepayeeonmostbillsisto“totheorderof…”.Negotiationandtransferiseffectedwithendorsement.Ifthepayeeonthebillisto“tothebearer”,thennegotiationandtransferisdonewithmeredeliveryofthebill.•Endorsementisdonewhenthepayeehassignedhisnameonthebackofthebillwithorwithoutadditionalwordsconveyinginstructionsorqualifyingliability.背书(Endorsement)背书是转让汇票权利的一种法定手续，就是由汇票持有人在汇票背面签上自己的名字，或再加上受让人即被背书人的名字，并把汇票交给受让人的行为。票据可以经过多次连续背书转让流通A背书B背书C背书D背书EC的前手：A、BC的后手：D、E前手对后手负有担保汇票必然会被承兑或付款的责任。*EndorsementGenerallyspeaking,therearethreemainendorsements,namelyspecial特别背书/记名背书,blank空白背书,restrictive限制性背书.RestrictiveEndorsementTheendorsermaywriteclearlyontheupperpartofthesignatureonthebackofthebilltheendorseewithrestrictiveconditions.Arestrictiveendorsementisonewhichlimitsthebillforfurthernegotiation,suchas“Pay…only”or“Pay…non-transfer”.Oncethebillisrestrictivelyendorsed,itcannotbetransferredanymore.DemonstrativeEndorsementAdemonstrativeendorsementisonewhichspecifiesthepersontowhom,ortowhoseorder,thebillistobepayable,suchas“Pay…ortoorderof”.BlankEndorsementAblankendorsement,orendorsementinblank,isonewhichspecifiesnopayee.Theeffectofablankendorsementistomakethebillpayabletobearerandtomakedeliveryandwithoutadditionalendorsement.•Thebearerorholderofabillsoendorsedmaysometimesrequired,however,toplacehisendorsementuponitatthetimeofmakingafurthernegot