非常好-潜艇系统详解

潜艇系统详解艇体系统姿态控制系统稳定性控制系统指挥塔结构浮力控制系统空气循环系统发电系统推进系统舱底系统通风系统紧急情况呼吸系统…….HMSTRAFALGAR(SSN)ASubmarineisonlyevercalleda:BOATNavalTerminologyDesignedtoConfuse•SS:Submarine•SSN:Submarine(NuclearPropelled)•SSBN:Submarine(NuclearPropelledwithBallisticMissiles)•FF:Frigate•DD:Destroyer•DDG:DestroyerwithGuidedMissiles•CV:Carrier•CVF:CarrierwithfixedwingaircraftClassesofSSN(HunterKiller)2ndGeneration•HMSSwiftsure(SBoats)•HMSSceptre•HMSSpartan•HMSSplendid•HMSSovereign•HMSSuperbClassesofSSN(HunterKiller)3rdGeneration•HMSTrafalgar(Tboats)•HMSTurbulent•HMSTireless•HMSTorbay•HMSTrenchant•HMSTalent•HMSTriumph•Astute(ABoats)TomahawkLandAttackMissileFiredfromHMSSplendidMissileinFlightOneLessCommandBunkerHMSVANGUARD(SSBN)ClassesofSSBN(Bomber)•HMSVanguard(Trident)•HMSVictorious•HMSVengeance•HMSVigilantWhatHappensUnderwaterTheTridentMissileTheDeterrentTHESUBMARINEMUSTBEABLETO:MaintainwatertightintegrityWithstandpressureatdepthRemainmanoeuvrableProvideastableplatformtocarryandfireweaponsProvideahabitableenvironmentforthecrewandtohousemachineryRemainundetected-VeryquietWorkindependentlyofairSEAPRESSUREINCREASESASTHESUBMARINEGOESDEEPER.InPSI,pressureisapproximatelyequalto½thedepthinFEET.At100ftseapressureis:50PSIInBAR,pressureisapproximatelyequalto1/10ofthedepthinMETRES.At30mseapressureis:3BARAtasubmarine’sMaximumOperatingDepthasubmarineishavingtowithstandpressuresof650psior35BarTheProblem::BASICSUBMARINECONSRUCTIONTHESTRENGTHOFTHEHULLISINCREASEDBYADDING:TFramesBulkheadsDecksHULLINSERTSNumerousholesarecutintothepressurehullforaccessandservices,allofwhichweakenthepressurehull.Inordertorestoreittoitsoriginalstrength,heavierplatingisweldedaroundeachopening,theseplatesareknownas:ARCHIMEDESPRINCIPLEBUOYANCYPOSITIVENEGATIVENEUTRALBUOYANCYBUOYANCYMAINBALLASTTANKENVIRONMENTALFACTORSAFFECTINGBUOYANCYSeawaterdensitySalinityTemperatureCompressibilityDown&OutUp&InSUBMARINESTABILITYTheCentreofGravityisthepointthroughwhichtheentireweightofthesubmarinemaybesaidtoact.Allheavymachineryandweightsareplacedatthebottomofthesubmarinetokeepthecentreofgravityaslowaspossible,thisimprovesstability.THECENTREOFBUOYANCY:IsthepointthroughwhichtheentireupthrustonthesubmarinemaybesaidtoactSTABILITYStabilityisthesubmarine’sresistancetoheelingforcesSTABILITYOPERATINGZONES•NORMALOPERATINGZONE•MAXIMUMEXCURSIONDEPTH(20%BELOWDDD)•CRUSHZONECONTROLSURFACESControlthesubmarine’sCourseandDepthFOREPLANESWorkinconjunctionwiththeafterplanestocontrolpitchanddepthAFTERPLANESWorkinconjunctionwiththeforeplanestocontrolpitchanddepthRUDDERControlstheHeadingoftheSubmarineHUNTERKILLERCOMPARTMENTLAYOUTFWDESCAPECONTROLROOM/ACCOMODATIONMANOUVERINGROOMENGINEROOM/MMSWEAPONSEMBARKATIONHATCHFWDESCAPECONNINGTOWERMAINACCESSHATCHAFTERESCAPEHATCHENGINEROOMHATCHREACTORCOMPARTMENTBALLISTICMISSILESUBMARINECOMPARTMENTLAYOUTMISSILECOMPARTMENTREACTORCOMPARTMENTWEAPONSEMBARKATIONHATCHFWDLET/MAINACCESSHATCHCONNINGTOWERHATCHAFTLETENGINEROOMHATCHACCOMODATION/FOREENDSMACHINERYSPACEMIDLETFINIntegralwiththecasingistheFIN.Ithas3distinctfunctions:•Supportsandhousesthemastsandperiscopes.•Providesanelevatedplatformforconningandnavigation.•Strengthenedforicebreakingandstreamlinedbyshutters.MASTS&PERISCOPESSUBMARINESYSTEMS•Watersystems•Airsystems•Hydraulicsystems•Environmentalsystems•SanitarysystemsInordertooperateefficientlyandindependently,thesubmarineneeds:BALLASTSYSTEMTheprimaryfunctionoftheBallastSystemistoadjustthebodilyweightofthesubmarine.BALLASTSYSTEMTRIMSYSTEMTheprimaryfunctionofthetrimsystemistoadjustthehorizontalplaneofthesubmarine.TRIMSYSTEMBILGESYSTEMTheprimaryfunctionoftheBilgeSystemistocollectandstoredirtywater&otherfluidspriortosubsequentdischargeoverboard.BILGESYSTEMDOMESTICFRESHWATERThefunctionofthedomesticfreshwatersystemistoprovidehotandcoldfreshwaterfordrinking,domesticandotherpurposes.HIGHPRESSUREAIRTosupplycleandryair@276barto:A)MainBallastTankblows.B)ChargingEmergencyBottleGroups.C)AuxiliaryVent&Blow.D)AfterPlanesinairemergency.E)ReactorAirservices.HPAIRSYSTEMSHPAHAZARDS•Hearingcanbeimpaired•DamagetohealthHPBLOWSYSTEMToblowthemainballasttankswith276barairtoachievepositivebuoyancyHPBLOWSYSTEMNUCLEARSTEAMRAISINGPLANTThepressurisedwaterreactorgeneratesheattoboilwater,producingsteamtodrivethemainturbinesforpropulsionandtheturbogeneratorsforelectricalgeneration.ThePWRisthesubmarinesmainsourceofpower:itusesnuclearfissiontogeneratetheheatthatisusedtoproducesteam.REACTOR,SHOWINGSTEAMGENERATORLAYOUTOFAREACTORCOMPARTMENTThecontrolrodsareraisedandloweredtomaintainthereactortemperatureinsideapredeterminedbandAreactorSCRAMisthedroppinginofthecontrolrodsbythereactorprotectionsystemtoshutdownthereactorandpreservepersonnelandsubmarinesafety.ABSOLUTESAFETYESSENTIALSCOOLINGWATERforDecayHeatRemovalELECTRICSforReactorInstrumentation/MonitoringCoolingWaterMustkeepwaterintheprimarycircuit•Veryhighintegritysystem•MakeupsystemELECTRICALPOWERDISTRIBUTIONThesubmarinerequiresasourceofelectricalpowerinordertofunction.Toprovidethiswehaveasystemofgeneratorsandinterlinkingcablesandswitches.ELECTRICALGENERATIONProvidesasafere