it-句型总结

It构成的句型小结一、It作形式主语的句型为使句子平衡，往往把it置于句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语（通常是不定式短语、动名词短语或主语从句）移至句末。It作形式主语的句型有：㈠it代指不定式短语的句型1.Ittakes+(sb.)+sometime/somemoney+todosth.做某事花去某人多长时间Justaminute,itwon'ttakemelongtochange.等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。Ittakesfiveminutestowalkthere.走到那里需要5分钟。Ittookmemorethanayeartolearntodrawabeautifulhorseinfiveminutes.我花了一年多时间才学会在5分钟内画出一匹好看的马来。Ittakesalotofmoneytobuyahouselikethat.买那样一幢房子需要很多钱。2.Ittakes+名词+(forsb.)todosth.某人做某事需要……IttookgreatimaginationaswellaspatienceforAnnietoteachmetospeak.对安妮来说，教我说话需要极大的信心和想象力。Ittakestimeforthemtoprepareforthegreatchangesthattakeplaceinspace.他们需要很多时间准备应付太空中所发生的巨大变化。3.Itis+形容词+(for/ofsb.)todosth.某人做某事是……的常用于该句型的形容词比较多。forsb.的句型常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better等。ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考虑周到的),silly,selfish(自私的)等。Itwasnotrightforthesouthtobreakawayfromtheunion.南方脱离联邦是不对的。Itwaskindofyoutohelpus.谢谢你对我们的帮助。Itisgettinghardereverydayforalazymantogetaliving.懒汉谋生是越来越困难了。It’sverygoodofyoutohavelistenedtome.感谢你能听我讲。It’sverythoughtfulandkindofyoutooffermethislovelyholiday.你能给我这么美好的假日，实在是想得太周到、太友善了。4.Itis+名词+todosth.做某事是……的常用于该句型的名词有：manners,duty,fun,good,agreathonour,thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenough等。Asastudent,itisbadmannerstocomelatetoclass.作为学生，上课迟到是没有礼貌的。Itisourdutytopaytaxestoourgovernment.向政府交税是我们的义务。5.Itis+one’sturn+todosth.轮到某人做某事Itwasmyturntocleantheblackboard.轮到我擦黑板了。6.Itis+uptosb.+todosth.做某事是某人的责任或义务It’suptoustogivethemallthehelpwecan.我们理应竭尽所能地给予他们帮助。㈡it代指动名词短语的句型1.Itis+名词+doingsth.做某事是……用于该句型的名词有：nogood,nouse,hardwork,anuisance,awasteoftime,agreathonour等。It’snousetalkingtohimaboutit.和他谈论此事是没用的。It’snouse/good(in)cryingoverspilt/spilledmilk.事已至此，后悔也无用。（牛奶已泼，哭也没用。）Itishardworkkeepingthegrassgreenatthistimeofyear.这个季节还使草保持绿色真是不容易。Itwasanuisancehavingtowaitforsuchalongtime.要等这样久真烦人。It’sawasteoftimeyourtalkingtohim.你和他谈话是浪费时间。Ithasbeenagreathonouryourcomingtovisitme.你的来访是我很大的荣幸。2.Itis+形容词+doingsth.做某事真……用于该句型的形容词有：pleasant,useless,senseless,worthwhile,dangerous等。ItwaspleasantmeetingyouinLondonthatday.那天在伦敦见到你真高兴。It’sdangerousplayingwithfire.玩火是危险的。Isitworthwhilemakingsuchanexperiment?做这样的实验值得吗？㈢it代指名词性从句的句型1.It+be+名词+that从句用于该句型中的名词有：apity,ashame,afact,anhonour,awonder,agoodthing,goodnews,nowonder等。惯用句型有：Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是……Itisafactthat…事实是……Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.真遗憾，她犯了这样一个错误。It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.你非走不可真是件憾事。Itisathousandpity/thousandpitiesthathemissedthechance.他错过了这次机会真是太可惜了。Itisnowonderthathehaspassedtheexamination.难怪他考试及格了。Itisashamethatyouhavetoleavesosoon.你必须这么早离开，真遗憾。Itwasastupidthingthathedidn’tlistentohisteacher.他不听老师的话，真蠢。Itisagreathonourthathereceivethatprize.他得到了那个奖真是无上的荣耀。2.It+be+形容词+that从句……是……用于该句型中的形容词有：clear,obvious,true,certain,important,strange,natural,surprising,fortunate,good,wonderful,funny,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,quiteclear,unusual等。惯用句型有：Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……Itisobviousthat…很明显……Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.我们学好英语是非常重要的。Itisnecessarythatthestudents(should)rememberallthenewwords.学生记住所有的新单词是必要的。3.It+be+-ed分词+that从句据……是……的常见的过去分词有：said,reported,learned,announced,known,decided,expected,believed,considered,declared,felt,hoped,seen,supposed,thought,understood等。惯用句型有：Itissaidthat…据说Itisreportedthat…据报道Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itishopedthat…大家希望Itiswellknownthat…众所周知Itisthoughtthat…大家认为Itissuggestedthat…据建议Ithasbeendecidedthat…大家决定Itmustberememberedthat…务必记住的是Itisreportedthatanotherman-madesatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.据报道，又有一颗人造卫星被送入轨道。ItissaidthathehasgonetotheUSAforfurtherstudy.据说他已去美国深造了。Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.众所周知，光以直线运行。Ithasbeendecidedthatweshoulddesignthemachineourselves.已经决定我们自己来设计这部机器。4.It+及物动词+名词+从句Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetherit’sfoggyorclear.对我来说，天气有雾或晴朗没什么关系。Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencetomewhetherhegoesornot.不管他是否去对我都没有什么影响。Itmakesnomatterwhetheryouarrivefirstorlast---there’senoughfoodforeveryone,whatevertimetheyarrive.大家早到晚到都无关紧要---不管什么时候来，都有足够的东西吃。5.It+不及物动词+that分句常见的不及物动词有：seem,happen,look,appear,comeabout,turnout,occur等。惯用句型有：Itappearsthat…似乎……It(so)happens(that)…（那么）碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……Itseemsthatheissick.(=Heseemstobesick.)看来他似乎有病。Ithappenedthathewasn’tthere.(=Hehappenednottobethere.)碰巧他不在哪儿。Hewouldhavebeentravelingonthetrainthatcrashedifithadn’tsohappenedhe’dbeenworkinglatethatnight.要不是那天晚上他正巧下班晚了，他就会乘坐那趟出事的列车了6.Itdoesn’tmatter(tosb.)+从句（对）……都无所谓Itdoesn’tmattertomewhathesays.对我来说，他说什么都无所谓。Itdoesn’tseemtomattermuchwhetherhereceivedthegiftornot.他是否接受这件礼物似乎都无所谓。Itdoesn’tmatterifwearelate.我们就是晚到一点也不要紧。注意：Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形，should可省略。其句型为：(1)suggestedItis(2)importantthat…+(should)do(3)apity(1)suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted+(should)do(2)important,necessary,natural,strange+(should)do(3)apity,ashame,nowonder+(should)doItissuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingne