八年级下英语第4单元单词解析讲义

单词讲解allowallowsbtodosth允许某人做某事sbbeallowedtodosth某人被允许做某事allowdoingsth允许做某事allowsbin/out允许某人进入/出去Teenagersshouldn’tbeallowedtosmoke.不应该允许青少年吸烟。辨析letsbdosth语气较弱，不能用于被动语态guess1v.Canyouguesshowoldheis?2n.Ifyoudon’tknowtheanswer,haveaguess!可数名词，猜想，猜测3主句含有:I/Weguess/think/believe/suppose…+从句时，要进行否定前移Iguesshecanswim.Idon’tguesshecanswim.Iguesshecanswim,can’the?deal1协议；交易Ididadealwithmyparentsonhousework.在家务上我与父母达成一项协议。2bigdeal重要的事3处理，dealwith,与疑问词how连用Howwillyoudealwiththehomework?communication1communicatewithsb与某人交流、沟通、联络2communicatetosb向某人报告、通知、传达Forbettercommunication,Ialsocommunicatewithhimbyphone.为了更好地沟通，我还和他电话交流。argue1通常与介词about和with连用,不及物动词arguewithsbaboutsth为某事与某人争辩2haveanargumentwithsbIhadanargumentwithhim.cloudLookatthosedarkclouds.It’sgoingtorain.看那些乌云，要下雨了。cloud,（像云的）尘土或烟雾cloudsofsmoke一团团的烟cloudy多云的acloudyskyolder/elder1older,指年龄较大、较老，也指较旧TomistwoyearsolderthanJohn.Thisbookisolderthanthatone.2elder,年长的，只用做定语，不用作表语Heismyeldersister.Weshouldrespectourelders.我们应该尊重长辈。instead1instead为副词，常放在句首或句尾Iwillgoinstead.2insteadof为介词短语，后面接名词、代词，介词短语或动名词形式Shewrotetohiminsteadofcallinghim.=Shedidn’tcallhim.Shewrotetohiminstead.nervous比较级：morenervous最高级：mostnervousbenervousof/about…对…感到紧张Theyarenervousof/abouttheirtest.offer1.offersbsth/offersthtosb向某人提供某物注：可以接受，也可以不接受2.offertodosth提议去做某事Iofferedherabook.我给了她一本书。Heofferedtohelpme.他向我提供帮助。辨析：provide强调为应付意外、突发事件、紧急情况等做好充足准备而“提供，供给”，多数情况是免费的。providesbwithsth为某人提供某物providesthforsbproper/explainHeneverexplainsanythingproperly.他从来不好好解释任何事情。explainoneself解释，交代清楚explainsthtosb向某人解释某事Aliceusuallyexplainsthenewwordstous.explanationn.解释，说明clear1.清楚易懂的；晴朗的Shespokeinaloudclearvoice.她说话声音既洪亮又清楚。2.清澈的；透明的clearwater清澈的水；clearglass透明的玻璃3.clearly清楚地，明白地辨析：clean干净的；清洁的；而clear表清澈cleanwater干净的水（强调没有尘污）clearwater清澈的水（强调清澈、透明）return1.return=comeback/gobackreturnto=gobackto=comebackto2.return,归还；还给returnsthtosb/returnsbsth归还某人某物Pleasereturnthemoneytoher.注：是非延续动词，不可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。compete1.competition竞赛，比赛2.competitor参赛选手3.enteracompetition参加比赛competewithsb…against……for…TeamsfrommanycountriescompeteintheWorldCup.很多国家的球队参加世界杯比赛。opinion1.同义词：idea;thought;viewWhat’syouropinionofmywork?对我的工作您有什么意见？2.inone’sopinion=Ithink…在某人看来Inmyopinion,youareright.我认为你是对的。insistonone’sopinion坚持某人的观点skill1.技艺，技巧Itneedsagreatskilltoflyaplane.开飞机需要很高的技巧。skillful孰练的扩展：Practicemakesperfect.Skillcomesfrompractice.quick1Haveaquicklook.Hetookouthisbookquickly.辨析：fast:形容词/副词，强调动作速度之快。quick:形容词，着重动作迅速发生或完成即刻行动，豪不耽误soon:强调时间，很快；马上，即不久以后将发生的某个动作或某种情况。I’llwritetoyouassoonaspossible.continue1持续，继续存在，接名词、动名词、不定式或名词性从句做宾语Howfardoestheroadcontinue?这条路有多长？continuedoingsth继续做原来的事=goondoingsthcontinuetodosth继续做某事（另一件事）AfterfinishingUnit3,let’scontinuetolearnUnit4.辨析：continue;goon;lastcontinue指进程在时间或空间上的延续，有时也可指短暂停止后继续进行。Hecontinuedtheworkforthreehours.goon：goontodosth=continuetodosthgoondoingsth=continuedoingsthlast:说明某一动作要延续一段时间。Shewon’tlastlonginthatjob.那份工作她做不了多久。compare1compare…with…将…与…比较compare…to…把…比作…Don’tcompareyourselfwithothers.不要与别人比较。Childrenarecomparedtonationalflowers.crazy1不理智的，疯狂的Youmustbecrazytowalkatnightwithnolights.2热衷的，狂热的Sheiscrazyaboutpopmusic.3crazilyadv.疯狂地，热衷地causeSmokingcancauselungcancer.吸烟能导致肺癌。Whatwasthecauseoftheaccident?Youhavenocausetocomplain.辨析：cause:引起某种结果的原因，后接ofreason:指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。excuse:辩解，借口perhapsmaybe=perhaps,位于句首或句末Maybe/Perhapsitwillraintomorrow.probably可能性大于maybe/perhaps.Hewillprobablycometomorrow.possibly较probably可能性小在肯定句里可能性很小，在否定、疑问句中与can/could连用，表示“无论如何不”。Couldhepossiblyagree?他难道会同意吗？人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，古人说“书中自有黄金屋。”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，培养逻辑思维能力；通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，培养文学情趣；通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，给我们巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我们前进。