通用工程英语听说教程(下)原文与翻译

******通用工程英语U1-2(SectionA&C)翻译Unit11SiteInspection(2)U11/SectionASomeTipsforSiteInspection(P67-69)Thepreviousunitreferredtothegeneraltipsforhostingsiteinspections（工地检查）,whilethisunitaimstointroducethegeneralideasofhowtoprepareinspectorsforcarryingoutsiteinspectionsmoreefficiently,especiallyhelpfulforthoseyounginspectorswhoarenotsoexperienced.上一单元提到了主持接待工地检查的一些通用技巧，而本单元旨在介绍检查员应该如何准备，以便更有效地执行工地检查工作的一些总体(工作)思路，这对于那些经验不足的年轻检查员来说尤其有帮助。Begoal-oriented目标明确Mostengineeringprojectsinvolvemanyconstructionproceduresanddifferentsites,so,inordertoimplementsupervisionandmaintaintheprojectquality,therearemanyobjectstobeinspectedonthesite,suchasthetemporaryfacilities,formworks,reinforcementworks,concreteworks,steelstructureworks,pipingandelectricalworks,roofingandwaterproofing,finishingworks,safetymanagement,andsoon.Sortouttheobjectsandstepsofinspectionsothatthecontractorcanprovidedirectassistanceandenoughinformation.大多数工程项目涉及很多施工程序和不同的施工工地，因此，为了实施工程监督,保证工程质量，工地上有很多项目需要检查，例如临时设施﹑（浇筑）模板﹑加固工程﹑混凝土工程﹑钢结构工程﹑管道和电气工程﹑屋顶和防水处理工程﹑终饰工程﹑安全管理工作等等。检查员要分类整理好被检查的对象，明确检查的各个步骤，以便承包商能够提供直接的帮助和足够的信息。Schedulegoodtiming（计划）安排好检查的时机Timethesiteinspectionflexibly,takingthedifferences—inspectinggoals,objects,andweather—intoconsideration.灵活安排工地检查时机，把不同的检查目标﹑检查对象以及天气的差异情况列入考虑范围。Iftheinspectionneedsthepreparationandtheassistanceofthecontractor,callthereceptiondeskaheadofschedule,givingthelatterenoughtimetogetready.Iftheinspectionaimstochecktheinstantconstructionstate,asuddeninspectionisworthconsidering,withoutinformingthecontractorbeforethat.如果检查需要承包商的准备和协助，请提前通知接待处（前台），给他们足够的时间准备。如果检查的目的是要检查即时施工状态，那么不提前通知承包商，值得考虑进行一次突击检查（或“进行一次突击检查是值得考虑的”）。It’sbettertocarryouttheinspectioninfairweatherbecausetheextremeweathermaybringaboutdowntime（停工期）oftheconstruction,especiallyforthoseoutdoorworking.最好在好天气时进行检查，因为极端天气可能会导致施工的停工，尤其是那些户外施工作业。Bearmedwithtestingdevices配备测试装置Itmaysoundlikeano-brainer,butbeingequippedwithnecessarytestingdeviceswillsaveyoufromthetroublesaskingforhelpwhenneeded.Whattotakedependsonthedifferentinspectingobjects.Butatapemeasure（卷尺）isamustnomatterwhatandwheretoinspect.Itiseasytotakebutcanworkwondersincheckingsteelbars,carpenterworkingandothersimpleworks.Whenamoreaccuratetestingisgoingon,thetotalstation,theodolite,orgradientershouldbeadopted.Undoubtedly,thecontractorwillbewillingtoprovidethosecomparativelymoresophisticateddevicesonthesitewhenaskedto.这听起来似乎很简单，但是装备这些必要的测试设备，可以在你需要寻求帮助时避免不必要的麻烦。要配备哪些装置取决于不同的检查对象。但是无论在哪里检查以及检查什么，卷尺都是必须的。虽然它很1******通用工程英语U1-2(SectionA&C)翻译容易携带，但它可以在检查钢筋，木匠工作和其他简单工作中会产生奇效。当要进行更精确的测试时，应采用全站仪、经纬仪或水平仪。毫无疑问，当被要求时，承包商愿意在现场提供那些相对比较精密的设备。Observesafetyregulationsonworksite遵守工地安全规章制度Thesafetyregulationsontheengineeringworksiteshouldbestrictlyobservedbyalltheengineersandworkers,letalonetheinspectors.所有工程师和工人都应严格遵守工程施工现场的安全规程（规章制度）要求，更不用说检察员们了。Beforegettingclosetotheworksite,learnaboutthespecificsafetyregulationsofthetargetinspectingzone.在接近工地之前，要了解目标检查区域的具体安全规则。AsktheH.S.E.departmenttoprovidethesafetyhelmets,reflectivegear,protectiveshoesandsoon.Andthespecialinsulatingprotectivegearincludinggloves,bootsandovershoesareneededwheninspectingtheelectricalworks.要求健康安全环保部门（HS.E部门）提供安全头盔、反光装置、防护鞋等等。另外，在检查电气工程时，要求提供特殊的绝缘保护装置，包括手套、靴子和绝缘套鞋等。Keepadistancefromtheworkingtruckcranes,wheelcranes,towercranes,gantrycranes,etc.,toavoidunexpectedinjuryfromfallingobjects.要注意与正在工作中的卡车起重机、轮式起重机、塔式起重机、龙门起重机等等保持一定距离，以避免因坠落物体而造成意外伤害。Asktheprofessionaltechnicianstooperatethemechanicalorelectricalequipment.要求专业的技术人员来操作机械或电气设备。Becautiousaboutthegroundonthesite,preventingfromfallingdownwhenitistooslipperyandfrombeinghurtbythewood,nails,steelbarsandsoon.所伤要当心工地的地面，防止因地面太滑而摔倒，也要避免被木头、钉子、钢筋等所伤。Askdirectquestionsandbeobjective直接提问，保持客观Oncetheleadpersonfromthecontractorisidentified,keeptheoverallcontactwithhimduringtheinspection.Itisnotnecessarytobeatroundthebushbuttocuttothechase.一旦承包商确定了项目负责人，在检查期间，应与他保持全面联系。没必要说话时拐弯抹角兜圈子，而是要开门见山直入正题。Bestraightforwardtotheleadpersonwhenaskingfordesigndrawings,constructionrecords,testingreports,andotherdocumentsnotinvolvingconfidentialinformation.需要看设计图纸、施工记录、测试报告和其它未涉及机密信息的文件时，应直接坦率地告诉项目负责人。Asktheengineersorworkersdirectlyabouttheconstructionprogress,procedures,technicalrequirements,materialstandard,etc.,togetinformationinamoreefficientway.直接询问工程师或工人们关于施工进度，施工程序，技术要求和材料标准等等问题，从而更高效地获得信息。Pointouttheproblems,ifexisting,andsetthedeadlineanddemandsofrectification.Itmaybealittlecallousbutitwillturnouttobethemosthelpfulwayforbothsides.如果项目存在问题的话，指出存在的问题，并确定整改的期限和要求。这看上去显得有点不近人情，但它将会是对双方最有帮助的方式。Keeprecords保存记录Inordertorecordtheinspectionfindingsonthesite,theinspectorcannotedownthedetailsinvariousforms.Itisagoodideatoprepareasheetcoveringallthoseobjectstobeinspectedbeforegoingtothesite.Inaddition,on2******通用工程英语U1-2(SectionA&C)翻译thisinspectionsheet,manyissuescanalsobeincluded,suchastheevaluationcriteria,evaluationgrades,problemsexisting,factorscontributingtotheproblems,rectificationinstructions,andrectificationdeadlines,etc.Acarefully-designedandcomprehensiveinspectionsheetcanbehelpfulfortheinspectortocarryouttheworkonthesiteandreport