(5套)2019年高考英语选修8-章节知识点汇总-练习附答案

（5套）2019年高考英语选修8章节知识点汇总练习附答案Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theyarelikely________(fire)bythecompanyjustbecauseoftheirfault.答案：tobefiredSb.belikelytodosth.“某人可能做某事”。主语they与fire之间为被动关系，故应填不定式的被动形式。2．Themajorityoftheinterviewees________(prefer)watchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.答案：preferthemajorityof...作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。由interviewees可知谓语动词应用复数形式。3．Itsuddenlyoccurred________himthatheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.答案：toIt(suddenly)occurred/occurstosb.that...“某人突然想起某事”。4．Whoeverbreakstheschoolruleswillsurelyreceive________(punish)．答案：punishment句中动词receive后缺宾语，故应填名词punishment作宾语。5．Weshouldnothave________(race)discrimination.答案：racial句中缺少一形容词来修饰名词discrimination,故填racial“种族的”。6．Shebecamethefirstblackwoman________(elect)totheSenate.答案：tobeelected当名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，则常用动词不定式来充当其后置定语，且elect与blackwoman之间为被动关系，故填tobeelected。7．Hecouldn'texpresshimselfcorrectly________meansofwords.答案：bybymeansof...“借助于；用……；通过……方法”。8．She________(slip)outofthehousebeforetheotherswereawake.答案：slipped句意：她趁别人还没醒，溜出了房子。分析句子结构可知该空为句子的谓语动词，由从句中动词时态were可知，应用一般过去时。9．________(hire)acar,youmustproduceapassportandacurrentdrivinglicense.答案：Tohire句意：若想租车，你需要出示护照及当前驾照。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。10．Bythetimesheknewthenews,John________(fly)toAmerica.答案：hadflown由Bythetime引导的从句的时态为一般过去时可知，主句应用过去完成时，故应填hadflown。Ⅱ.单句改错1．Thisisbelievedthathardworkcanleadtosuccess.______________________________________________________答案：This→ItItisbelievedthat...“人们相信……”，其中it为形式主语。2．AnideaoccurredmewhenIwaswalkinginthepark.______________________________________________________答案：occurred后加tosth.occurs/occurredtosb.“某人突然想起某事”。3．AgreatmanyofpeoplegainagreatdealofinformationfromtheInternet.______________________________________________________答案：去掉第一个ofagreat/goodmany直接修饰可数名词复数，只有当名词前有限定词the/these/those/one's等时，才用agreat/goodmanyof短语。4．Weregrettoinformyouthatourcompanyhashiredonanothergirlforthejobofsecretary.______________________________________________________答案：去掉onhire“雇用；租用”，为及物动词，后面不需加介词。5．Theywillcarryouttheplaninthismeans.______________________________________________________答案：in→bybythismeans“用这种方法”。Ⅲ.语法填空Creativityisamysteriousidea.Weseem__1__(feel)thatsomepeoplearenaturallycreative,butwedon'tknowhowtheygotthatway.Iscreativityanaturalgift,oris__2__somethingthatcan__3__(acquire)?Perhapsifweanalyzethecreativeprocess__4__(careful),wemightgetsomeinsight(洞察力)intowhatitisand__5__itmightworkinourlives.Thecreativeprocesshasalwaysbeenacceptedasthesourceofallimportantworkinthearts,butweshouldnotthinkthecreativityplaysapartonlyinthearts.Everymajorscientificdiscoverybeganwithsomeone__6__(imagine)theworlddifferentlyfromthewayotherssawit.Andthisis__7__creativityisallabout.Anddespitewhatyoumaybelieveaboutthelimitsofyourowncreativeimagination,weallhavethepotentialtoimaginetheworldin__8__absolutelynewway.Infact,youareborn__9__it.Andwhat'smore,youuseiteveryday.It'syourcreativemind__10__getsmeaningfromchaosofexperiencesandbringsordertoyourworld.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。创造力是天生的才华，还是后天也可以获得？本文就这一话题展开了讨论。1．tofeel考查非谓语动词。我们感觉似乎某些人天生具有创造力。seemtodosth.“似乎要做某事”。2．it考查代词。创造力是天生的才华，还是后天也可以习得的？这里用it指代creativity。3．beacquired考查被动语态。先行词something和acquire之间是被动关系，又因为情态动词can后要用动词原形，故此空填beacquired。4．carefully考查词性转换。也许如果我们仔细分析创造的过程，我们就会洞察到什么是创造力，它是如何在我们的生活中起作用的。这里用副词修饰动词analyze。5．how考查特殊疑问词。此处表述创造力是如何在我们生活中起作用的。由语义可知填how。6．imagining考查with的复合结构。每次重大的科学发现都以某个人以不同于其他人的方式看待这个世界开始。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语和宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此空填imagining。7．what考查名词性从句的连接词。创造力就是用一种新的方式想象世界。空格处引导表语从句并在从句中作介词about的宾语，故填连接代词what。8．an考查冠词。我们都有这种潜能，用一种全新的方式想象这个世界。absolutely的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an，表泛指。9．with考查介词。事实上，你天生具有创造力。bebornwith“生而具有”。10．that考查强调句。正是创造性思维使得你从混乱的经历中找到意义，给你的世界带来秩序。由强调句基本结构“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)＋其他部分”可确定答案。Ⅳ.短文改错DearJack，I'msorrytohearthatyoufailedinthelastfinalmathexam,butwhichworriesmemostisthatyouareinlowspiritwhenfacingfailure.Asseniorthreestudents,weallhadtakenexaminationsofdifferenttypesandexperiencedfailureaswellassuccess.Itisnodoubtthatweshouldtakepositiveattitudestowardsoursetbacks.Weshouldsparenoefforttoanalyzingthecauseoffailure,whichcanhelpusescaperepeatingthesimilarmistakes.Onlywhenwefigureoutwhywefailcanwemakeaprogressinourstudy.Asforyouranxiety,Ithinkdoingsomesportscandogoodforyou.Itcangiveyousometimetoberefreshinginnotonlythebodybutalsothemindsothatwecangoonwithyourlearningenergeticallyandefficiently.Ihopealloftheabovecanhelpyoualot.Let'sworkhardlytogetherandturnourdreamintoreality.Yours，LiHua答案：DearJack，I'msorrytohearthatyoufailedinthelastfinalmathexam,butwhich①whatworriesmemostisthatyouareinlowspirit②spiritswhenfacingfailure.Asseniorthreestudents,weallhad③havetakenexaminationsofdifferenttypesandexperiencedfailureaswellassuccess.It④Thereisnodoubtthatweshouldtakepositiveattitudestowardsoursetbacks.Weshouldsparenoefforttoanalyzing⑤analyzethecauseoffailure,whichcanhelpusescaperepeatingthesimilarmistakes.Onlywhenwefigureoutwhywefailcanwemakea＼⑥progressinourstudy.Asforyouranxiety,Ithinkdoingsomesportscandogoodfor⑦toyou.Itcangiveyousometimetoberef