初中祈使句类型及练习

●肯定结构:1.Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Pleasehaveaseathere.请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.请这边走。2.Be型(即:Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!3.Let型(即:Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如:Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。●否定结构:1.Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。如:Don'tforgetme!不要忘记我!Don'tbelateforschool!上学不要迟到!2.Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。如:Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。3.有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!表示禁止时，尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词／动名词”来表示。Noparking!Noentry!Nolitter!Let后头除了是不带to的不定式动词(Theinfinitivewithoutto)之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out,in,down,alone等：(13)Letthepuppyout.(14)Openthewindowsandletthefreshairin.祈使句专项练习一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.__________(not,be)late.2.____________(dust)thedressingtable.3.____________(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.4.____________(not,talk)and____________(read)abook.5.Openthewindowand____________(shut)thedoor.6.Let’s____________(sweep)thefloor.二、选择填空()1.Thedoctorsays:“________worksohard”AStopBDon’tCCan’tDNo()2.________inbed.It’sbadforyoureyes.ANottoreadBDon’treadCDon’ttoreadDNotread()3.Please________lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.AnotBdon’tCaren’tDcan’t()4.TheTVistooloud.Please________.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit()5.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing()6.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell()7.________careful!A.BeB.BeingC.TobeD.To()8.Don't_______intheriver.A.swimB.swimmingC.swamD.swims三、句型转换1.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?（改为祈使句）__________againmoreslowly,please.2.PleasesitnexttoNancy.（改为否定句）__________________nexttoNancy.3.Cometomyhousetomorrow.（改为否定句）_____cometomyhousetomorrow.4.Weartheglasses!（改为否定句）______weartheglasses!5.Don’twashyourhands!(改成肯定句)_______yourhands!四．将以下祈使句改为否定式：1.Comehereearly.2.Askhim.3.Pleasewaitforher.4.Let’sgotheretogether.可数名词不可数名词单数形式egg,policeman,animalair,water,music复数形式eggs,policemen,animals修饰语不定冠词（a,an），数词many,(a)few,several,agreatnumberofmuch,alittle,agreatdealofSome,all,alotof,lotsof例句E.g.Thereareeightroomsinthehouse.HeleftforBeijingafewdaysago.E.g.Iamsorrytogiveyousomuchtrouble.Doyouhavemuchmoneyleft?womanteacher----womenteachersmanteacher-----menteachersMyfamily(be)abigone.Allmyfamily(be)inChinanow.newspoliticsmathsphysicsthermoschicken小鸡/鸡肉room房间/空间；位置work作品/工作paper论文;报纸/纸glass玻璃杯/玻璃time次；倍/时间wood树林/木头fish鱼/鱼肉exercise练习/运动；锻炼light灯/光fruit(各种)水果/水果需要记忆的特殊复数形式：man—menwoman----women（例外：German---Germans）tooth----teethfoot---feetmouse----micechild----childrendeer---deersheep---sheepChinese—ChineseJapanese—Japanese不可数怎样表示：借助表示“张”、“块”的单位词2.借助表示容量的词3.借助表示重量的词4.借助表示形状的词