色彩标准转换-Color-SPACE

1Lightsource:2角度(°)輝度(cd/m)色温度(K)0150,0005,60060125,0005,10070.5100,0004,70075.580,0004,40078.565,0004,100Sunlight3SunlightspectrumRelativespectralpowerdistributioncurvesofdaylighttypicalofvariousweathercondi-tionsasreceivedonanearlyverticalsurfacefacingtowardsthesun.O:overcast;C:clear;LC:lightcloud;H:hazy(ConditandGrum,1964).Relativespectralpowerdistributioncurvesofdaylightwithclearskyforvarioussolaraltitudes,asreceivedonanearlyverticalsurfacefacingtowardsthesun(ConditandGrum,1964).4CIEStandardIlluminantsIlluminantXYZWxWyA109.8510035.580.4480.407B99.0910085.310.3480.352C98.07100118.230.3100.316D5096.4210082.490.3460.359D5595.6810092.140.3320.347D6595.04100108.890.3130.329D7594.96100122.610.2990.315E0.3330.3335CIEStandardIlluminantsspectrum6Lightsource:fluorescentlamp7Lightsource:FlashLight8SourceKelvinsMiredsTypicalnorth-skylight7500133Typicalaveragedaylight6500154ArtificialDaylightfluorescentlamps(*1)6500154Xenon(electronicflashorcontinuous)6000167Typicalsunlightplusskylight5500182Blueflash-bulbs5500182Carbonarc(forprojectors)5000200Sunlightatsolaraltitude20°4700213CoolWhitefluorescentlamps(*2)4300233Sunlightatsolaraltitude10°4000250Clearflash-bulbs3800263Whitefluorescentlamps(*3)3500286Photo-floodtungstenlamps3400294Tungsten-halogenlamps3300303Projectiontungstenlamps3200312Studiotungstenlamps3200312WarmWhitefluorescentlamps3000333Floodlightingtungstenlamps3000333Domestictungstenlamps(100to200W.)2900345Domestictungstenlamps(40to60W.)2800357Sunlightatsunset2000500Candleflame1900526*1SometimescalledNorth-lightorColourMatchinglamps*2SometimescalledDaylightlamps*3SometimescalledNaturallampsCorrelatedcolourtemperaturesofCommercialLights9ColormodelMunsellRGB(Red,Green,Blue)basedCMY(K)(Cyan,Magenta,Yellow,Black)basedLuminance-Chrominancebased10MunsellHue_Value/Chroma11RGB/CMYcolor*Red,Green,andBlueBlack(0,0,0)Cyan(0,1,1)Green(0,1,0)Yellow(1,1,0)Red(1,0,0)Magenta(1,0,1)Blue(0,0,1)White(1,1,1)Oneofthesimplestcolormodels.Cartesiancoordinatesforeachcolor;anaxisiseachassignedtothethreeprimarycolorsred(R),green(G),andblue(B).Correspondstotheprinciplesofadditivecolors.OthercolorsarerepresentedasanadditivemixofR,G,andB.Idealforuseincomputers.12RGBImageDataRedChannelGreenChannelFullColorImageBlueChannel13CMYImageDataCyanImage(1-R)MagentaImage(1-G)YellowImage(1-B)FullColorImage14ColorMatchingExperimentColormatchingexperimentalsetupTestLightTristimulusvaluesPrimaryMixtureObserverviewsasplitscreenofpurewhite(100%reflectance).Ononehalf,atestlampcastsapurespectralcoloronthescreen.Ontheother,threelampsemittingvariableamountsofred,green,andbluelightareadjustedtomatchthecolorofthetestlight.Theamountsofred,greenandbluelightusedtomatchthepurecolorswererecordedwhenanidenticalmatchwasobtained.TheRGBtristimulusvaluesforeachdistinctcolorwasobtainedthisway.700(RO),546.1(GO),and435.8nm(BO),withunitssuchthatequalamountsofthethreestimuliarerequiredtomatchlightfromtheequi-energyilluminantSe15CIE1931StandardObserver(r,g,b)Thefollowingcolormatchingfunctionswereobtained.Therewereproblemswithther,g,bcolormatchingfunctions.Negativevaluesmeantthatthecolorhadtobeaddedtothetestlightbeforethetwohalvescouldbebalanced.380480580680780Wavelength(nm)Tristimulusvalues0.30.20.10.0-0.10.4rgb1931standardobserver(2°observer).))()()(/()()())()()(/()()())()()(/()()(bgrbbbgrggbgrrr*CIE:CommissionInternationaledel'Eclairage16Color-matchingfunctionOOOBGR0.990.010.000.010630.812400.176970.200.310.49ZYXBGRGgBGRRryx1ZYXZz;ZYXYy;ZYXXxfor1931StandardObserver:spectrumwithprimariesofBo=435.8nm,Go=546.1nm,andRo=700nm,eachwavelengthoftheequalenergy,theaverageof17color-normalobservershavingmatchedonabipartite2°field,surroundedbydarkness.SpecialpropertiesofX,Y,Z:-Imaginary(non-physical)primary.AllluminanceinformationiscontributedbyY.LinearlyrelatedtoR,G,B.Non-negativevaluesforalltristimulusvalues.ThepositionsofthematchingstimuliX,Y,andZintheStandardObservercolourtriangleRoGoBo380480580680780Wavelength(nm)2.01.51.00.50.0Tristimulusvalueszxy1931standardobserver(2°observer).dzRSKZdyRSKYdxRSKX)()()()()()()()()(17StandardObserver:2°vs10°inxyThecolour-matchingfunctionsfortheCIEmatchingstimuliX,Y,andZ.Fulllines:forthe2°StandardObserver,usingX,Y,Z;brokenlines:forthe10°StandardObserver,usingX10,Y10,Z10.Thex,ytriangleforthe2°StandardObserver(fullline)andforthe10°StandardObserver(brokenline)usingx10,y10.Comparisonoftheresultsforthe2°and10°field-sizemeasurementsshowedthatsignific-antdifferencesdidoccurbetweenthem,and10°StandardObserverdatahavebeenadoptedforusewhenlargefieldsizes(greaterthan4°)areinvolved(CIE,1960and1964).However,incolourreproductions,theinterestgenerallyliesmuchmoreinpatchesofcolourofabout2°angularsizethan10°,andthe1931CIEdatamaythereforebeusedwithconfidence.18CIE1931xyYChromaticityDiagramEachpointonxycorrespondstomanypointsintheoriginal3DCIEXYZspace.ColorisusuallydescribedbyxyYcoordinates,whereYistheluminance,orlightnesscomponentofcolor.Ystartsat0fromthewhitespo