基础英语2(主编何兆熊)Unit-8-Focus-on-Global-Warming课后练习答案

Unit8FocusonGlobalWarmingTextcomprehensionI.AII.1.T;2.T;3.F;4.F;5.F.III.1.Paragraph2.Becauseglobalwarmingmaybethesinglelargestthreattoourplanet（theearth）.Low-lyingnationscouldbeawashinseawater,rainanddroughtpatternsacrosstheworldcouldchange,hurricanescouldbecomemorefrequent,andElNinoscouldbecomemoreintense.2.Paragraph3.Ourfactories,powerplants,andcarsburncoalandgasolineandspitoutcarbondioxide,producemethanebyallowingourtrashtodecomposeinlandfillsandbybreedinglargeherdsofmethane-belchingcattle,andreleasenitrogenoxidebyusingnitrogen-basedfertilizers.3.Paragraph4.TheincreasedconcentrationsofgreenhousegasespreventadditionalthermalradiationfromleavingtheEarth,socausetheglobalwarming.4.Paragraph7.Aslightincreaseinheatandraininequatorialregionswouldincreasevector-borne带菌媒介引起的diseasessuchasmalaria;moreintenserainsandhurricanescouldcausemoreseverefloodingandmoredeathsincoastalregionsandalongriverbeds;evenamoderateriseinsealevelcouldthreatenthelow-lyingislands;hottersummerscouldleadtomorecasesofheatstroke,hospitaladmissionsanddeathsamongvulnerablepeoplewithheartproblemsorrespiratoryproblems.5.Paragraph8and10.Wecancurbourconsumptionoffossilfuelsandusetechnologiestoreducetheemissionofheat-trappinggaseslikecarbon二氧化碳dioxide,methane,andnitrousoxides,andprotecttheforestsintheworld,andwecanalsoadvocatepoliciesthatwillcombatglobalwarmingoverthelongterm,thingslikecleancars,environmentallyresponsiblerenewableenergytechnologies,andstoppingtheclear-cuttingofvaluableforests.IV.1.GlobalwarmingwillprobablybethemostseriousthreattoourEarth,ifwedonottakeintoaccountofsomeotherpossibledisasters,suchasanotherworldwar,collisionofourEarthwithsomesmallorbitingplanet,orspreadofincurablediseases.2.Intermsofhumanhealth,thepeopleofthepoorercountrieswillsuffermost,becausetheircountriesdonothavemoneytoprotectthemwhenclimatechanges.StructuralanalysisSub-ideasinthesecondpart.1)thecausesoftherisingconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere(Paragraphs3and4)2)theeffectofsuchconcentrationonclimatechange(Paragraphs5and6)3)thepotentialthreatofglobalwarmingtohumanhealthandsurvival(Paragraph7)Partone.Vocabulary1Phrase1.withtheexceptionof:except,apartfrom除……之外，不包括……在内2.Inessence=essentially,basically本质上，根本上3.whereverpossible:wheneveritispossible只要可能4.overthelongterm:overalongperiod从长远看5.alternative=substitutable,different,replaceableII.1.focus;2.muchthesame;3.consciousness;4.threat;5.deserved;6.decomposed;7.revealed;8.frequent.III.WordderivationFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.Hernaturalgoodsensewasimprovedbytheperusal(peruse)ofthebestbooks.2.Effortstoreachtheinjuredmenhavebeenintensified(intense)becauseofasuddendeteriorationofweatherconditions.3.Iknewhedeservedtobepunishedbutmakinghimstayineverynightforayearisalittleexcessive(excess).4.Theoriesoftheoriginoflifearepartlyspeculative(speculate),sincethereissolittledirectevidenceavailable.5.Thisisabookthatcontainsanabundance(abundant)ofvaluableinformation.6.Thecostoftheflights,accommodationandcarrentalistwothousanddollarsinclusive(include).7.Whenanironobjectisheatedinafire,itglowsredandemits(emission)radiation.8.WehardlyevergointoLondon.Whateverweneedwecanbuylocally(local).1.perusev.熟读，精读perusaln.熟读，精读；仔细研究e.g.他每天都要读各种报纸。Heperusedthenewspaperseveryday.2.intensea.强烈的，剧烈的，热烈的intensifyv.增强，强化；加剧intensiven.强烈的；密集的intensificationn.增强，加强，强化e.g.我的工作非常紧张，以至于我没有时间休息。MyworkissointensethatIevenhavenotimetotakearest.我的初次失败更坚定了我成功的信念。Myfirstfailureonlyintensifiedmydesiretosucceed.我们有十天的强化训练。Wehavetendaysofintensivetraining.3.excessa.过量的，额外的excessivea.过多的，过分的e.g.这个胖男孩节制饮食以减轻过量的体重。Thefatboywentonadiettogetridofhisexcessweight.4.speculatev.推测，好奇speculationn.沉思，推测；投机speculativea.推测的，推理的；投机的speculatorn.投机者，投机商人e.g.我猜想的全错了。Myspeculationsprovedtotallywrong.他是一个冷酷的投机者。Heisaruthlessspeculator.5.abundanta.丰富的，充裕的abundancen.丰富，充裕abundantlyad.大量地，丰富地e.g.今年的农产品很丰富。Theagriculturalcommoditiesareabundantthisyear.这个国家拥有丰富的资源。Thiscountryhasanabundanceofvaluableresources.6.includev.包括，包含includingprep.包含，包括inclusivea.包含……在内的，包罗广泛的e.g.账单中包含服务费。Thebillincludesservice.他们有很多宠物，狗就有三只。Theyhavemanypets,includingthreedogs.7.emissionn.散发；发射emitv.发出，放射；吐露e.g.干酪散发出强烈的气味。Thecheesewasemittingastrongsmell.8.locala.地方性的；当地的，局部的locallyad.在本地，在当地e.g.当地大多数的居民靠打渔为生。Mostofthelocalpopulationdependonfishingfortheirincome.IV.1.A;2.D;3.B;4.C;5.D;6.A;7.C;8.A.V.Synonym/AntonymGiveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.Globalwarmingresultsprimarilyfromhumanactivitiesthatreleaseheat-trappinggasesandparticlesintotheair.Synonym:mainly,basically,firstly2.Fortunately,wecantakeactionstoslowdownglobalwarming.Antonym:unfortunately,unluckily3.Themostimportantcausesincludetheburningoffossilfuelssuchascoal,gas,andoil,anddeforestation.Antonym:exclude4.Twenty-fiveyearsagoifyoumadeatriptothelibraryandperusedtheperiodicalsectionforarticlesonglobalwarming,you’dprobablyhavecomeupwithonlyafewabstractsfromhardcoresciencejournalsormaybeablurbinsomeesotericgeopoliticalmagazine.Synonym:part,division5.That’sanincreaseofroughly1°Cev