英语中并列结构的歧义及其避免

:2000-09-15:(1971-),,,2001年1月第3卷第1期东北大学学报(社会科学版)JournalofNortheasternUniversity(SocialScience)Jan.2001Vol3,No.1:1008-3758(2001)01-0054-03何军好,郭晓洋(,110004):and,,:;;:H043:A(ambiguity),,,(lexicalambiguity)(structuralambiguity)(ambiguityinspeech),,,,[1],and,,(disambiguity)(1):Hewrotelongarticlesandbooks[2].:;,longarticles,articlesbooks.,longarticlesbooks:Hewrotebooksandlongarticles.:Hewrotelongarticles,andbooks.(2),:asurgeonandadiagnosticianofgreatskill[2]:;,ofgreatskilladiagnostician,asurgeonadiagnostician.:asurgeonofgreatskillandadiagnosticianofgreatskilladiagnosticianofgreatskillandasurgeonasurgeon,andadiagnosticianofgreatskill.,:menandwomenwhoworkhard:boysandgirlsstudyingatthisschool[2],,,,:simplebooksandmagazinesforchildren:;;;,(3)(),:Afriendandhelperstoodnearby[2].:;friendandhelper,,,:Afriendandahelperstoodnearby(),,:Afriendandhelperwasstandingnearby();Afriendandhelperwerestandingnearby():Thesecretaryandaccountantofthecompanyattendedthemeeting[1].:();()!:Therearetenboysandgirlsintheplaygroup.:,10;,1010,:tenhusbandsandwives(10);tenknivesandforks(10)[2](4)∀+#,:ElsaGraham∃sbooksonreptilesandamphibians[2]:%();%():booksonbothreptilesandamphibiansbooksonreptilesandonamphibians.:billsforgasandelectricity:();(),:JohnandMaryaremarried.:;(),JohnandMaryvisitedtheirteachers.:();;,,TomandJerryarefriends.TomandJerry,(1),,:Johnisveryhandsomeandrich.:,;,:Johnisrichandveryhandsome.Johnisveryhandsomeandveryrich.(2),,:Red,whiteandblueflagswereflyingfromeverybalcony.:;:Redflags,whiteflagsandblueflagswereflyingfromeverybalcony;Flagswhicharered,whiteandblue(tricolorflags)wereflyingfromeverybalcony.:,,:oldandnewfurniture([2]and,,:Theysellold,batteredfurniture.()!,,:adishonestandlazystudent(),,:theredandthewhiteroses()(3),:Hepaintedthecarsblackandwhite[2].:;55第1期何军好等:英语中并列结构的歧义及其避免,(1),:Johnreadandansweredletters[2].:,;,:Johnreadlettersandansweredletters.Johnreadandalsoansweredletters.(2):Thateveninghestayedindoors,readingandwritingletters.:,;,:Thateveninghestayedindoors,readinglettersandwritingletters.Thateveninghestayedindoors,readingandalsowritingletters.(1),:Thefactprovessheiswrongandherhusbandcandonothingaboutit.:,;,:Thefactprovessheiswrong,andherhusbandcandonothingaboutit.Thefactprovesthatsheiswrongandthatherhusbandcandonothingaboutit.(2),:MarywillplaytennisandJohnwillplayfootballifitdoesn∃train[3].:,,;(),,:Ifitdoesn∃train,thennotonlywillMaryplaytennisbutJohnwillalsoplayfootball.Marywillplaytennisandifitdoesn∃train,Johnwillplayfootball.∃s(1)∃s∃s,,:John∃sandMary∃schildren:();:JohnandMary∃schildrenJohn∃schildrenandMary∃schildren.(2),:hisandherbooks[1]:;():hisbooksandherbooksherbooksandhishisbooksandhers.and,,,,,,:[1].[M].:,1988.199-215.[2].[M].:,1993.144-169,179-191.[3].[J].(),1999,1(1):55-57.56东北大学学报(社会科学版)第3卷