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形容词与副词形容词一、形容词1、特点:表示名词或代词的特点与状态。它在句中作定语、表语、补足语及状语。部分形容词与the连用,表示一类人,在句中做主语或宾语。2、形容词做定语的位置:1)、几个形容词同时修饰同一个名词时,其位置为:大小---形状----颜色----材料----产地abigroundredwoodentable2)、音节较短的词放在音节较长的词前。asmallbutcomfortableroom3)、如有代词、数词、形容词同时出现时,其位置为:代词----数词----形容词othertwolittleChineseboys3、形容词的作用:1)、作定语,常放在名词前,冠词后。alittleboyafive---year---oldboy短语作定语时,放在名词后:a、短语形容词:数词+单位词复数+形容词Heisaboyaboutfiveyearsold.b、不定式:Thereisalotofworktodo.c、分词短语:Theteacherplayingbasketballwithusisourheadteacher.Thoseinvitedtothepartyaremyfriends.d、单个分词作定语放在名词前。Thesleepingboyisverylovely.abrokenglasse、在代词something/anything/nothing中,形容词放最后。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.2、作表语,用于系动词后,表示主语的特点与状态。Treesgrowgreeninspring.IaminterestedinEnglish.3、做补足语a、在make/keep/leave/paint/push/force/tear/beat/find/think/consider+宾语+形容词。Thisthingmademeangry.b、在make/find/think/considerit+形容词+不定式句。Therainyweathermakesitimpossibleforustogoonatrip.IfinditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.4、用于句末,表示主语的状态,做伴随状语。Hereturnedhome,tiredandhungry.4、特殊词的形容词比较级:good/well----better-----bestbad----worse-----worstbadly----worse-----worstfar-----farther-----farthest(表示距离)------further------furthest(表示程度)old-----older-----oldest(表示老少、新旧)-----elder------eldest(表示长幼)late------later-----latest(表示时间)------latter-----last(表示顺序)lately近来lateron后来elderly年长的Areyoufeelinganybettertoday?Myelderbrotheristhreeyearsolderthanme.howmuchfarthershouldIwalk?Lookatthosetwomen.Theformeristallerthanthelatter.5、比较结构的应用:1)、平行比较as……as同……一样否定notso……as常可用quite修饰aLileiisastallasWupeng.Heisnotsotallasme.2)、比较级+thanHeistallerthanme.注:同类比较,常用anyother修饰名词。Heistallerthananyotherstudentinourclass.不同类比较,常用other修饰名词。ChinaislargerthanotherstudentinAfrica.3)、no+比较级+than表示平行比较,相当于“as…..as”Heisnotallerthanme.4)、比较级+and+比较级表示越来越。多音节用“moreandmore”Thelittlegirlbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.5)、the+比较级+从句,the+比较级+从句。表示“越…..就越…”Theharderyoustudy,themoreprogressyou’llmake.6、比较级的修饰词常用any/much/far/alittle/alot/even/still/slightly/byfar等修饰比较级,byfar修饰比较及时,比较级前加the.Therearemuchmorebooksinourlibrarythanintheirs.7、can’t/couldn’t与比较级和程度副词连用,表示肯定。Ican’tagreewithyouanymore.8、few/afew/little/alittle/abitof的用法。few与afew修饰可数名词,little与alittle修饰不可数名词。few与little表示否定,afew与alittle表示肯定。abitof表示一点/一些Fewstudentsknowsthenews.Afewstudentsknowhimwell.Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.Thereisabitofwoodintheroom.副词1、特点:副词在句中可做定语、表语、补足语及状语。2、应用:a、作定语,放在名词后。Themanupstairsoftenmadethemandownstairsangry.Thecarovertherebelongstome.b、作表语。常用为:beaway/out/in/here/there注:here、there常放句首,主语为名词时,主谓倒装。Hereisabookforyou.主语为人称代词时,用正常语序。Hereyouare.HerIam.c、做补足语。用于“with+名词+副词”结构中。Wehaveourclasswiththelightson.d、作状语:Hestudiedhard,sohetookthefirstplaceintheexams.3、形容词变副词的特殊形式:terrible-------terriblypossible-----possiblyprobable----probably形容词与副词同形词。late/far/well/likely/early4、副词的区别:1)、always/often/usually/ever/seldom/never.always表示总是,表示经常性,常可与进行时连用。Healwayshelpothers.Theboyisalwaysborrowingmoneyfromothers.often常常,指一个经常性,习惯性的动作。Weoftengohomeonweekends.usually往常、常常Asachild,IusuallywentswimmingonSundaysinsummer.seldom很少Iseldomgotothecinema.ever曾经never从不Ihaveeverheardofhim,butIhaveneverseenhim.2)、very/pretty/much/too/so/enough/及that的用法very/pretty表示非常,修饰形容词与副词的原级。Hediditprettywell.IlikeEnglishverymuch.much可表示非常,修饰副词,也可作形容词,修饰名词,表示很多。toomuch修饰名词,“太多”muchtoo修饰副词Ihavenotoomuchmoneytobuymuchtooexpensiveacar.too太……构成too…….todo…….太……而不能……Theboyistooyoungtogotoschoolbyhimself.rathertoo很,相当Theproblemisrathertoodifficulttoworkout.so如此…..So…..that/so…..astodo……so+a+名词如此一个……Heissogoodateacherthatwealllikeit.Hestudiedsohardthatheoftentookthefirstplace.so+many/much/few/little(少)+形容词+thatTherearesomanydeerthattheyhaveeatenupalltheroses.enough足够的修饰形容词与副词放在后。Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschoolbyhimself.that表示程度,修饰形容词。Ican’taffordthatexpensiveacar.3、also/too/either/yet/aswell表示也also用于be的后面,实意动词的前面,助动词与实意动词之间。Heisalsoateacher.Ialsosawhimyesterday.Hehasalsofinishedhishomework.too用于肯定句末,与主句分开。Heisateacher,too.either用于否定句末,与主句分开。Idon’tlikefish,either.yet用于完成时,常用于否定与疑问。也可与although连用,表示“转折”Hehasn’tturnedupyet.Althoughitwasraininghard,yettheworkerskeptonworkingattheworksite.aswell用于并列句中,常用于后一个分句的后面。Hegavemeabook,andhegavemeapenaswell.可用aswellas连接两个并列的宾语。Hegavemeabookaswellasapen.4、so/neither/nor的用法a、so+助动词/情态动词+主语表示也……常用于肯定句中。Heisateacher,soamI.YoucanspeakEnglish,socanhe.b、so+主语+助动词/情态动词表示同意某人的意见或看法。表示“就是如此”------Whatfineweathertoday!------Soitis.-----Hecandoitwell.------Sohecanc、soitiswithsb表示某人的各方面与另一个人都一样-----Heisagoodstudent,andhealwayshelpsothers.------SoitiswithWangling.d、neither/nor+助动词/情态动词+主语,表示否定,“也不……”Hedoesn’tlikefish,neither/nordoI.5、notabit与notalittle的用法notabit一点也不notalittle非常、很-------Doyoulikeit?-------Notabit/Notalittle.6、quite、fairly、rather的区别。quite很,常修饰形容词和副词的原级。Heisquiteagoodboy.Thisbookisquiteasinterestingasthatone.常可修饰alittle/afew.Thereisquitealittlewaterinthebottle.Quiteafewstudentslikethebook.fairly相当容易达到的事Thequestionisfairlyeasytounderstand.rather很可与too连用。Theproblemisrathertoodifficulttoworkout.
本文标题:形容词与副词
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