必修5第五单元语法

Ellipsis(省略）为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。Grammar–Ellipsis(省略）为了使语言简洁或避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个句子成分,这种语法现象称为省略。(1)(I)Begyourpardon.(2)(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.(1)(Is)Anybodyhere?(2)(Isthere)AnythingIcandoforyou?主语谓语或谓语的一部分A:WherehasMrSmithgone?B:Sorry,Idon’tknow(wherehehasgone.)(1)(Areyou)Hungry?(2)(Iwant)Orangejuice,please.宾语主语和谓语(或主语和谓语的一部分）A:Wouldyouliketocometotheparty?B:I’dloveto(cometheparty.)Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).不定式后省略动词Readthefollowingsentencesandfindoutwhathavebeenleftout.Exercise1.Likemorebeer?___________likemorebeer?2.Haven’tseenyouforages.___________haven’tseenyouforages.3.Soundslikeagoodidea._____________soundslikeagoodidea.4.SorryIcouldn'tgo._____________sorryIcouldn'tgo.5.Doesn’tmatter.____________doesn’tmatter.WouldyouIItI’mIt6.Ifhesayshe'llcome,hewill.Ifhesayshe'llcome,hewill_______.7.Goingtothesupermarket?________goingtothesupermarket?8.Pityyoucouldn’tcome.________pityyoucouldn’tcome.9.Soundsgood.________soundsgoodcomeIt’sAreyouIt1.不定式的省略,有些动词后跟不定式作宾语时，可将其动词省略，而保留to，这样的动词常见的有①②：①在expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等后面。如:Iaskedhimtoseethefilm，buthedidn’twantto.--Wouldyouliketopasstheexam?--Ihopeto.②在have,need,ought,begoing,used等后面。③在某些形容词pleased,glad,happy等后面。--Willyoujointhegame?--I’dbegladto.④如果不定式中含有be,have,havebeen,通常保留be,have,和havebeen。如:--Hehasn’tfinishedyet.--Well,heoughttohave.--Areyouadoctor?--No,butIwanttobe.⑤两个或两个以上不定式并列，第一个带to，后面的省略to。MyjobistolookafterthechildrenandteachthemEnglish.⑥当不定式作表语时，如果前面主语中出现实义动词中do的各种形式，则不定式可省略。Whathewantstodoisgohome.⑦感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式要省略to（help后的to可带可不带）Isawaboyfallfromthetree.I’llhelpyou(to)dothework.⑧介词but/except前面有动词do,后面的不定式省略to.Hecandonothingbutliedownandsleep.2.宾语从句中的省略①在I’mafraid,Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess等作答句，后面常用省略形式。--Doyouthinkitwillrain?--Iguessso.常用表达：Ihopeso/not.我希望这样/不这样。I’mafraidso/not.恐怕如此/不如此。Ithink/believe/guess/expect/imagine/supposeso.我认为/相信/猜/希望/想象/认为这样。Idon’tthink/believe/imagine/suppose/expectso.=Ithink/believe/imagine/suppose/expectnot.我认为/…/不这样②宾语从句中常省略that,但多个宾语从句并列时,通常只省略第一个that。Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.3.状语从句的省略：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,且从句中谓语动词包含be或从句的主语是it，常把从句的主语和be省略。这些连词通常有：when,if,evenif,unless,once,until,than,as,asif.Once(hewas)ateacher,henowworksinagovernmentoffice.Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou’llregret.While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.Heopenedhismouthasif(hewere)tospeak.Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.条件从句中有should,were或had时,可以省略if,但要将should,were或had提至句首。例如：IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.1)----Aren’tyouthemanager?-----No,andI______A.don’twanttoB.don’twanttobeC.don’twantbeD.don’twant2)----I’llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?----Notatall______.A.I’venotimeB.I’drathernotC.I’dlikeitD.I’dbegladto3)-----Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?------______.A.Idon’tthinkB.No,Idon’tthinkC.Idon’tthinksoD.No,Idon’tso4)-----Haveyoufedthecat?------No,but______.A.I’mB.IamC.I’mjustgoingD.I’mjustgoingto5.---DoesyourbrotherintendtostudyGerman?---Yes,heintends______.A/B.toC.soD.that6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim________.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto7.--WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?--________hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.BecauseoflosingB.A.C.8.If_____,we’llcontinueourexperimentafterofficehours.A.beingnecessaryB.benecessaryC.isnecessaryD.necessary10.Generallyspeaking,________accordingtodirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken9.---Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?---________.A.Idon'tbelieveB.Idon'tbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.IbelievenotD.D.B.