高中英语语法不用被动语态的情况2

1不用被动语态的情况一、不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：常见的不及物动词：appear,diedisappear,end(vi.结束),fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,standbreakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.比较：rise,fall,happen是不及物动词；raise,seat是及物动词。(错)Thepricehasbeenrisen.(对).(错)Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.(对)(错)Thepricehasraised.(对)(错)Pleaseseat.(对)(错)Afterthefire,nothingwasremained.(对)要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。二、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语有一些及物动词，尽管他们的后面跟了宾语，但是也不能用于被动语态：fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto例：Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.Yourstoryagreeswithwhathadalreadybeenheard.(错)Theroomwasenteredbyherjustnow.(对)(错)ThequeuewasjumpedbyTom.(对)(错)Heisn’tagreedwithbyme.(对)三、系动词无被动语态：常用的系动词有：1、状态类2、状态保持不变3、状态改变4、与感官有关的5、好象6、结果类的例：Itsoundsgood.Thebuildinglooksverybeautiful.Yourideaprovedtobewrong.四、带同源宾语的及物动词，宾语为反身代词，相互代词或者不定式，不能用于被动语态：die,death,dream,live这几个动词常跟同源宾语。例：Shedreamedabaddreamlastnight.Weliveahappylife.ItaughtmyselfFrench.Theyloveeachother.Shelikestoswim.五、主动形式表示被动意义1)wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell,drive等动词后面有程度副词修饰…2Thebooksellswell.这本书销路好。Thisknifecutseasily.这刀子很好用。2)在need,require,want,deserve后的可用动名词主动形式表达被动含义。形容词worth后必须跟doingThedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.Thisroomneedscleaning.=.Thehousewantspainting.=.Thefloorrequireswashing=.Thisbookisworthreading.Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thisclockishardlyworthrepairing.4)特殊结构：makesb.heard/understood(使别人能听见/理解自己)，havesth.done(要某人做某事)。六、被动形式表示主动意义bedetermined,bepleased,begraduated(from),befinished,beprepared(for),beoccupied(in),getmarries例：Heisgraduatedfromafamousuniversity.注意：表示同某人结婚，用marrysb.或getmarriedtosb.都可。Hemarriedarichgirl.Hegotmarriedtoarichgirl.1.—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Therooms__________.A.arebeingpaintedB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainting2.Greatchanges__________inChinasince1978.A.havetakenplaceB.tookplaceC.havebeentakenplaceD.weretakenplace3.Thewar_____in1937.A.wasbrokenoutB.hadbeenbrokenoutC.hasbrokenoutD.brokeout4.Maryrealizedshe_________A.wasmakingfunofB.wasmadefunC.wasbeingmadefunofD.wasbeingmadefun5.Thestory______inChina.A.wastakenplaceB.washappenedC.tookplaceD.hasbeentakenplace6.Thehouse_____myparentsA.isbelongtoB.belongtoC.belongstoD.isbelongedto7.Thenewsuspensionbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned8.Thatsuit__over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost9.---Doyoulikethematerial?---Yes,it___verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt10.---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?---Oh,excellent.It'sworth___asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread11.Thispageneeded___again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked12.Theboy___streetswithoutpayintheolddays.A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean13.Thesestones___well.A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfitted